Velešín

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Velešín
Velešín coat of arms
Velešín (Czech Republic)
Paris plan pointer b jms.svg
Basic data
State : Czech RepublicCzech Republic Czech Republic
Region : Jihočeský kraj
District : Český Krumlov
Area : 1324 ha
Geographic location : 48 ° 50 '  N , 14 ° 28'  E Coordinates: 48 ° 49 '46 "  N , 14 ° 27' 45"  E
Height: 548  m nm
Residents : 3,899 (Jan 1, 2019)
Postal code : 382 32
License plate : C.
traffic
Street: Budweis - Kaplice
Railway connection: Linz Hbf – České Budějovice
structure
Status: city
Districts: 5
administration
Mayor : Josef Klíma (as of 2018)
Address: Náměstí JV Kamarýta 76
382 32 Velešín
Municipality number: 545821
Website : www.velesin.cz
Location of Velešín in the Český Krumlov district
map

Velešín (German Weleschin ) is a town in the Okres Český Krumlov in the Czech Republic . It is located eleven kilometers east of Český Krumlov and belongs to the Jihočeský kraj region .

geography

The city is located on the left side of the Maltschtal above the drinking water reservoir Trinkímov . On the western outskirts of the city, the European route 55 / state route 3 runs between Kamenný Újezd and Kaplice . Two kilometers west of Velešín is the route of the Summerauerbahn , where the train station is located in the U Nádraží settlement. Closer is the Velešín-městys train station northwest of Velešín. In the east, on a rock spur above the dam, lie the remains of the Velešín castle .

Neighboring towns are Veselka, Holkov and Horní Vesce in the north, Horní Římov, Římov , Kladiny, Mokrý Lom and Lahuť in the northeast, Hrachovy Hory, Sedlce, Svatý Jan nad Malší and Svachov in the east, Dlouhá, Chodeíč and Bor in the south, and U Nádražíč Skřidla in the west and Horní Svince in the northwest.

Community structure

The town consists of the districts Bor ( Borr ), Chodeč ( Chotsche ), Holkov ( Holkau ), Skřidla ( Skridla ) and Velešín as well as the settlements U Nádraží, Veselka ( Weselka ) and Zadní Bor , Velešín and Velešín-u nádraží.

The municipality is divided into the cadastral districts of Chodeč, Mojné-Skřidla, Prostřední Svince-Holkov and Velešín.

Neighboring communities

Dolní Třebonín Římov
Mojne Neighboring communities Svatý Jan nad Malší
Zubčice Zvíkov Netřebice

history

The royal castle Velešín was in the first third of the 13th century by I. Ottokar Premysl or his son I. Wenzel built. A settlement emerged on the opposite side of the Maltschtal. In 1265 Přemysl Ottokar II left the castle with all accessories to Čéč von Budějovice to compensate for the areas drawn in when Budweis and Frauenberg were founded . In the following year the progenitor of the Michalovice family, Beneš von Markvartice , bought Velešín. After Ottokar II Beneš von Markvartice had withdrawn this property again, in 1283 Beneš son Jan von Michalovice received back from King Wenceslaus II Velešín.

Thanks to its advantageous location on the trade route from Budweis to Freistadt , Velešín soon developed into a market town. 1387 acquired Ulrich I. von Rosenberg , the manorial Velešín including its villages Sedlce, Tolišovice, Chlum, Polžov and Kladějov by Jan IV. Michalec Michalovic. In 1391 Velešín was raised to town.

During the Hussite Wars , Jan Čapek ze Sán took the city and kept it occupied. The Velešín castle was desolate since 1487 and the manor was combined with Benešov nad Černou , Malonty and Tichá. Various handicrafts were established in the city and the first guild was established in 1568. After the death of the last Rosenberger, Peter Wok , his inheritance fell to Johann Georg von Schwanberg in 1611 . The property of his son and successor Peter von Schwanberg was confiscated in 1620 because of his participation in the uprising after the Battle of the White Mountain and the following year the manor of Gratzen was given to Charles Bonaventure de Longueval, Comte de Bucquoy . Until the abolition of the basic rule in 1848 was Velešín as a erbuntertäniges town, dominated in the crafts and agriculture, owned by the Buquoy .

In the middle of the 19th century Velešín lost its importance due to the horse-drawn railway Budweis – Linz – Gmunden , as many transports no longer took place through the city, but by rail around the city. The commissioning of the St. Valentin – Budweis in 1871 did little to change that, as it was essentially laid out on the old horse-drawn railway line. Several fires in 1622, 1628, 1773, 1845, 1868 and 1896 caused great damage.

After the establishment of Czechoslovakia in 1918, Velešín belonged to the Český Krumlov District. After the Munich Agreement, Velešín remained with Czechoslovakia and was part of the Budweis political district in the Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia between 1939 and 1945 .

At the end of the Second World War on January 16 and 25, 1945, the transports of deaths rolled past Weleschin on the railway line from Auschwitz to Mauthausen . The latter drove on the route again on January 26, as the Mauthausen camp was overcrowded and the newcomers were sent away to Sachsenhausen concentration camp . On the seven kilometers between the two train stations, 21 bodies were thrown out of the car and buried in the cemetery after the war.

After the Second World War, Velešín came back to re-established Czechoslovakia . The former Hitler Youth camp in Strahov in Maltschtal was used as an internment camp for Germans after the end of the war until 1946 before they were deported to Bavaria . During this time, the Schwarzenberg archivist Karl Tannich was interned in the camp, who organized the city archive during this time.

In the 20th century, the deeply cut meander valley of the Maltsch became a destination for those seeking relaxation, until it was flooded in the 1970s by the construction of a dam in Římov . Since February 1, 1996 Velešín has town rights again. On February 23, 2000, the house where Josef Vlastimil Kamarýt was born burned down.

Attractions

  • St. Wenceslas Church, built in the 13th century and expanded with the addition of a tower in 1491. It received its baroque appearance between 1754 and 1763
  • Church of Saints Philip and James, built in the 13th century
  • Late Gothic town houses on the market square
  • Marian column in baroque style
  • Town hall, built in 1611
  • Remains of the Velešín castle
  • Římov drinking water reservoir
  • Einspanne and coach house as well as the embankment and bridge of the Budweis – Linz – Gmunden horse-drawn railway in Holkov

sons and daughters of the town

Web links

Commons : Velešín  - collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ http://www.uir.cz/obec/545821/Velesin
  2. ↑ Český statistický úřad - The population of the Czech municipalities as of January 1, 2019 (PDF; 0.8 MiB)
  3. ↑ http://www.uir.cz/casti-obce-obec/545821/Obec-Velesin
  4. ↑ http://www.uir.cz/zsj-obec/545821/Obec-Velesin
  5. ↑ http://www.uir.cz/katastralni-uzemi-obec/545821/Obec-Velesin
  6. ↑ http://www.territorial.de/obdonau/kaplitz/landkrs.htm
  7. ↑ http://territorial.de/bm/budweis/gem1940.htm