Bornecke
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Bornecke
City of Blankenburg (Harz)
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| Height : | 156 m |
| Area : | 15 km² |
| Residents : | 553 (Feb 15, 2018) |
| Population density : | 37 inhabitants / km² |
| Incorporation : | October 15, 1993 |
| Postal code : | 38889 |
| Area code : | 03944 |
 View of Börnecke from the east
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Börnecke is a village and district of the city of Blankenburg (Harz) in the northern Harz foreland in the Harz district in Saxony-Anhalt .
Geographical location
Börnecke is about six kilometers northeast of the city center of Blankenburg. About eight kilometers north is the district town of the Harz district, Halberstadt , about nine kilometers southeast of the World Heritage City of Quedlinburg and about eight kilometers south of the city of Thale . The village is embedded in the layered rib landscape of the northern Harz foreland. The predominantly wooded mountain ranges that run parallel to each other are characteristic here. There sandstone formations emerge, which were formed from sediment layers of the Lower Cretaceous and earlier ages. The location of Börnecke is on the southern ridge of the Quedlinburger Aufbruchsattels. The associated Seeberg is at 248 m above sea level. NN the highest point in the immediate vicinity. Between the mountain ranges the landscape is mostly hilly with extensive arable land. The Börnecke district includes around 1,000 hectares of arable land, 300 hectares of forest, 25 hectares of orchards and the Brockenstedter ponds.
history
Origins
The name Börnecke (Brunnenacker) is derived from a sulfur-containing spring on the northern slope of the Seeberg. According to legend, a hermit was said to have performed miracle cures there, which resulted in a large influx of sick people. In the course of time more and more people settled there and cleared the adjacent forest. In fact, the Börnecke area has been continuously populated for around 7,000 years. The source must have been of great importance as early as the Neolithic , which is archaeologically proven. The discovery of body burials, several trephined skulls or a cult drum suggest that this place was repeatedly visited for medical healing purposes. Extensive archaeological finds in the locality and the surroundings of Börnecke indicate a permanent and relatively dense settlement in prehistoric times. Knowledge of the source is also assumed. Remnants of settlements and skeleton graves as well as tools and weapons made of flint were found from the Neolithic Age . From the Bronze Age and early Iron Age settlement traces originate in several places, urn burials in stone boxes , hills and stool graves , as well as tools, weapons and jewelry made of bronze . There is still a stone circle on a hill south of the village . In the Middle Ages , the spring was an important drinking water point on the connecting road (Heerweg) between Goslar and Quedlinburg, which ran further south .
middle Ages
The village, located in the former Harzgau of Count Volkmar II. , Was first mentioned in 1006 in a document from King Heinrich II . mentioned. In it he gave his chaplain Dietrich possessions in Burnaccherun . Two places with the same name existed early on. Wester Burnekere (Klein Börnecke), first mentioned in 1153, was described as " desolate " as early as 1250 . The name Lüttgen Börnecke still reminds of this place today . Oster Burnekere (Groß Börnecke), located on the site of today's village , was formed on an old road that led from the Heerweg to Halberstadt. Between 1136 and 1293, the seat of a ministerial family of the Counts of Regenstein- Blankenburg was on the Sattelhof . This was the origin of the later ducal Braunschweig domain . Since 1286 the village belonged to the Diocese of Halberstadt , between 1487 and 1599 it was a fiefdom of the Dukes of Braunschweig-Lüneburg to the Counts of Regenstein-Blankenburg. During the Middle Ages, various variants of the place name were mentioned in the written sources, such as Bornegke , Magnum Burnekere , Oster Bornikere , Maiori Borniker , Groten Barneker , Bornker , Grossen Bornicker or Bornicken . The Regenstein counts called the village Villa Nostra (our country house) in 1323 . Börnecke has always been a village of arable and fruit farmers. Even the wine was of great importance. In 1153 the name of what is still called the vineyard, northeast of the village, was mentioned for the first time. For example, the wine was delivered to the Counts of Regenstein and the Abbess of Quedlinburg. A wine from Börnecke is still being served in the Blankenburg Ratskeller in 1625. During the Peasants' War in 1525, the Boerne Shrouded farmers refused to forced labor .
Early modern age
In the course of the Thirty Years' War there was heavy fighting in Eckernfeld in October 1631 between the imperial squadrons of the Count of Tilly and the Swedish vanguard, which then relocated to the village. The court yard and numerous farmsteads were devastated. Klein Börnecke was also finally destroyed in the Thirty Years War. Its residents then settled in Groß Börnecke. In 1648 a special kind of courtyard was mentioned: the Schriftsassenhof . Between August 1681 and April 1682 the population was decimated by the plague . Of the 187 inhabitants at the time, 132 fell ill, of which 97 died.
19th century
During the French occupation , Börnecke was in the Kingdom of Westphalia from 1807 to 1813 . From 1815 to 1945 Börnecke belonged to the district of Blankenburg in the Duchy, later the Free State of Braunschweig . In 1836 the foundation stone was laid for the construction of the church of St. Petri in the basilica style. This was equipped with an Engelhardt organ and consecrated in 1841. The new building was a replacement for the old, dilapidated and several times rebuilt church, which was surrounded by a cemetery. The local volunteer fire brigade has existed since 1875, and was given a new fire station from 1876 to 1877 and a hose tower in 1933. A school was built between 1891 and 1895, which was expanded in 1912 and 1950 with additions.
1900 to 1945
The Börnecke station, which is located on the Halberstadt – Blankenburg railway line built between 1870 and 1873, has been part of the locality since 1902. In 1909 the village got electric light . During the First World War from 1914 to 1918 Börnecke had 27 casualties. A memorial was erected for them in the cemetery. Between 1933 and 1934 a water pipe, an elevated tank and a pumping station were built. Until then, the water was supplied from numerous public and private wells. In the Second World War from 1939 to 1945, 42 Börneckers fell. A memorial stone was erected in the cemetery in 1993 to commemorate those who fell and five victims of Stalinism . In April 1945 Börnecke was occupied by US troops without a fight . After that, the place was briefly taken over by British and later Soviet troops .
1945 to 1989
With the decision of the Allies on July 23, 1945, the eastern part of the district of Blankenburg, and thus also Börnecke, was separated from the state of Braunschweig and assigned to the Soviet occupation zone or the state of Saxony-Anhalt . In 1950 the district of Blankenburg was dissolved and Börnecke was initially incorporated into the district of Quedlinburg . Since the administrative reform of 1952, the place belonged to the Wernigerode district in the Magdeburg district in the GDR . Due to the war, the population of Börnecke had risen sharply with the influx of numerous refugees . With the land reform of 1946, 80 people received land and forest. In 1949 there were 47 old and 35 new farmers in Börnecke . Up until 1960, the farmers gradually merged to form the agricultural production cooperative . Later it was split into LPG animal production and LPG plant production. From 1957 to 1960 an open stable system was built on Schindkuhlenberg. In 1948 a kindergarten was built and from 1949 to 1950 the cemetery chapel. In 1956 the bus line to Blankenburg was opened and the first shooting festival after the war took place. A new culture hall was inaugurated in 1968, the new kindergarten in 1970 and from 1974 a bungalow settlement was built on Kirchberg. VEB Elektromotorenwerke Wernigerode set up a branch in Börnecke in 1973, which existed until 1990 and offered 28 women jobs. In 1976 the place joined the community association Blankenburg. Between 1978 and 1980 the school was closed due to insufficient student numbers. A crèche was set up in 1984, and a new block with ten apartments was handed over in 1987.
1989 to the present
The political change in the GDR in 1989 and German reunification brought many changes for Börnecke as well. Since 1990 Börnecke has belonged to the newly formed state of Saxony-Anhalt in the district of Wernigerode . In the same year the LPG was dissolved and the farmers got their land back. Also since 1990, there is a community partnership with the community Hahausen in Lower Saxony . Börnecke has been a district of Blankenburg (Harz) since October 15, 1993. In the following years, a wide range of construction activities developed to improve the rural infrastructure. The connection to the natural gas network and the Telekom pipeline system was made, a sewer network was built, the drinking water pipeline was renewed, as were several streets, street lighting and electrical lines. Furthermore, the village community center, the kindergarten, the fire station and the church including the Engelhardt organ were renovated. In addition, a new football field was inaugurated on which a clubhouse was later built, as well as a small-bore shooting range and an angler's home. The Wegenersche Hof, a former stable, was renovated, with several new apartments being built. In September 2006, Börnecke celebrated its first documentary mention 1000 years ago with a festival week. Numerous events took place, the newly prepared spring on the Seeberg was inaugurated and a memorial stone was unveiled in the center of the village. Since the district reform of July 1, 2007, Börnecke has belonged to the newly formed district of Harz.
useful information
- According to legend, on the Tönnigsberg north-west of Börnecke, which in the Middle Ages was still a mountain ridge covered by heather , two shepherds got into a heated argument about grazing rights. One of the shepherds, who was called Tönnigs, is said to have been slain by the other. As atonement, he would have to put a stone at that point. This approximately 1.40 m high, rectangular memorial stone bears the inscription "tön. + An. 1537" and is now known as the Tönnigsstein. The victims of the Börneck plague epidemic of 1681/82 were later buried on Tönnigsberg.
- During the skirmishes of the Thirty Years' War in October 1631, Swedish soldiers holed up on an uninhabited hill at the eastern end of the village. They could not withstand the overwhelming force of the imperial squadron. The hill was stormed and almost all of the defenders were killed. According to tradition, a Brandenburg prince is said to have been among the dead . In memory of this event, the hill has been called Prinzenhöhe since then. A menhir set up there is called a prince stone.
- In the Heers, an extensive forest area north of the Regenstein, the Börneck pastor Johann Gottlieb Friedrich Michaelis was found dead on the morning of November 1st, 1821. After visiting his befriended pastors in Benzingerode and Heimburg , he went home on foot. On the way he probably died as a result of an asthmatic illness. In gratitude for his 32 years of activity as a pastor in Börnecke, a memorial stone, known as the pastor's stone, was set at the said place in the army.
- A tender locomotive supplied by the Esslingen machine factory to the Halberstadt-Blankenburg Railway in 1888 was christened BOERNECKE . It corresponded to the type G3 of the Prussian State Railway and provided its service on the lines of the HBE until the 1920s.
- In 1909 Börnecke received two prominent visitors. On the one hand, the Prince Regent of Braunschweig stayed in the village to honor some citizens for long service. On the other hand, the 4th Army Corps held its autumn maneuver in the area around Börnecke. The General of the Infantry Paul von Hindenburg was present, who was served beer in the Bruns inn.
- On April 12, 1928, the rocket pioneer Max Valier undertook a test drive with a rocket-powered rail vehicle on the railway line between Blankenburg and Börnecke. The approximately 6 m long and 275 kg heavy vehicle reached a speed of 240 km / h with the help of 36 propulsion rockets. The Reichswehr showed great interest in the experiment and specially sent a general to observe.
- In April 1945 the Jewish prisoners Adolf Weissmark and Rudolf Klepfisz managed to escape from the Langenstein-Zwieberge concentration camp, located about 2 km north of Börnecke . They thus avoided the evacuation of the camp and the subsequent death march . Completely exhausted and suffering from typhus , they reached the house of Börneck pastor Julius Seebass. The family took in both of them, cared for them, and thus saved their lives. The two former prisoners later emigrated to the United States . In recognition of their help, Pastor Julius Seebaß, his wife Hertha and their daughters Ricarda and Renata were given the honorary title “ Righteous Among the Nations ” by the Yad Vashem Memorial on May 27, 2004 .
- The twelve German soldiers buried in the Börneck cemetery were killed in April 1945 in connection with fighting during the last days of the war between Wehrmacht units and advancing US troops in nearby Westerhausen . Ten of them are said to have been shot after they were captured.
- In 1955, Börnecke made outdoor shots for the DEFA historical film " Thomas Müntzer - A Film of German History ". Some Börnecker also took part as extras . The film shows the field west of Lüttgen Börnecke with the stone and vineyards.
- There was a special residents' meeting in 1987. In addition to concerned citizens, four Soviet officers and representatives from the district council were also present . The reason was the permanent endangerment of the residents from projectiles that came from the shooting range of the Soviet armed forces south of Halberstadt. 40 bullets, some of which hit residential buildings, had been registered by then. In the summer of 1985, an LPG barn was set on fire, resulting in high property damage. The cause of the fire was not officially announced at the time. The Soviet side promised to take measures in order not to endanger the security of the Börnecker any more in the future.
- In preparation for the construction of the federal highway 6n , extensive archaeological excavations were carried out in 2003 between Börnecke and Westerhausen. The large number of finds from different epochs are further evidence of the intensive settlement of this area in the past. The oldest finds date from the early Neolithic Age (around 5,300 BC). Outstanding, however, is a grave ensemble from the Middle Neolithic (around 3,000 to 2,800 BC) that is unique in Germany: on the one hand, it is an undamaged stone box grave, which was closed with two stone slabs weighing around 800 kg. The remains of a person who was presumably very highly placed during his lifetime and numerous grave goods were found there. Five cattle were buried in the immediate vicinity, which could be a sacrificial ritual. A mass grave dates from the early Iron Age (around 500 BC) in which ten people were buried (thrown into) in an irregular position. They may have been victims of an epidemic.
Population development
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coat of arms
A new, officially but not confirmed, coat of arms was given by Dr. Arnold Rabbow from Braunschweig designed and accepted by the Börneck local council on August 25, 2005 . The two ascending arches symbolize the spring rising from the depths, which gave the village its name. The stag bar in the upper part reminds of the affiliation to the Regenstein Count's House in the Middle Ages . The stylized bunch of grapes in the middle symbolizes the former importance of viticulture for the village. The coat of arms is in the colors blue and gold (blue and yellow), the colors of the state of Braunschweig, to which Börnecke belonged until 1945. The previous coat of arms showed two (dung) forks crossed over a key and a ploughshare below.
societies
- The Börnecke Schützengesellschaft 1672 is the oldest club in the village and has the largest number of members. It was founded in 1990. The club's own rifle house is located directly on Schützenplatz. There is also a small-bore shooting range, which is also used by external clubs and for competitions at the district level. The annual shooting festival takes place in June.
- The Heimatverein "Zum Prinzenstein" has existed since 1995. It is dedicated to coming to terms with local history and maintains a Heimatstube in the former school building.
- The Börnecker Kulturverein was founded in 2002. His concern is to safeguard the cultural traditions of the village. The highlights of the club are the annual carnival celebration and the New Year's Eve event.
- SV Blau Gelb is the local football club. He emerged from BSG Traktor in 1990 and has so far only played at district level with his men's team. At times there were also junior and senior men's teams. Due to a lack of players, it is no longer possible for the club to have an independent team. From the 2011/12 season onwards, SV Bau Gelb will take part in a syndicate with SV Eintracht Heimburg in the Harz district.
- The equestrian club Börnecke was the equestrian section of the BSG Traktor since 1979 and has been an independent association since 1994. In addition to recreational riding, there is also a vaulting group and a fitness & dance department. The club has two riding arenas.
- The beginnings of the Börnecker fishing club go back to 1984. He maintains a self-made fishing pond with a club house in Lüttgen Börnecke. The Easter bonfire is held there every year .
economy
There are no industrial settlements in Börnecke. Most of the working residents are employed in the surrounding towns. However, there is an agricultural cooperative which, in addition to farming, operates duck fattening in the former open stables. There are also several family-owned farms. There is also a shipping company with mineral oil trade, a car workshop, a country butcher's shop with a sales point, a shop for everyday items, a carpentry shop and a hairdressing salon in Börnecke. There is currently no public catering facility.
tourism
Börnecke is located in the Northern Harz foreland conservation area and is suitable as a starting point or stopover for bike tours and hikes through the forests and fields in the vicinity. There is a connection to the network of paths of German emperors and kings of the Middle Ages in the Harz Mountains , which leads past the sulfur spring. This has been protected as a natural monument since 1964 . The location is crossed by the Aller-Harz-Radweg. In an easterly direction you can reach the Königstein rock formation near Westerhausen. In the west you get to the Brockenstedt ponds (also Brockenstedter Mühle). From there the cycle path leads along the Goldbach to Langenstein . Langenstein can also be reached along the Seeberg and through the wooded surroundings of the Hoppelberg nature reserve . To the north of Börnecke, beyond the Tönnigsberg, is the memorial and memorial of the former Langenstein-Zwieberge concentration camp. There are the bar mountains and the rock of the Glass Monk in the immediate vicinity . Southwest of the local situation is reached by the Boerne Shrouded Station and the vast forest area of the army with its Sandhöhlen the castle and fortress Regenstein . On the southern slope of the vineyard there is a large occurrence of the spring Adonis beauty, which is under nature protection . During its heyday in April and May, it attracts numerous onlookers every year.
traffic
Börnecke train station on the Halberstadt – Blankenburg railway line is about 2.5 kilometers west of the town on the edge of the army. From there there is a connection to Blankenburg, Halberstadt and Magdeburg by the regional railways of the operator Abellio Rail Mitteldeutschland .
There is no long-distance traffic through Börnecke , the entire location is designated as a 30 km / h zone . About 2 km south of the village, the federal highway 6 runs between Blankenburg and Westerhausen and parallel to it the highway-like federal highway 6n. Both can be reached either via the district road 1348 in a southerly direction or via the district road 2358 to Westerhausen, in an easterly direction. From Westerhausen you can take the district road 2359 to the federal road 79 further north between Quedlinburg and Harsleben . A section of the federal highway 6n runs south of Börnecke between the Blankenburg-Ost and Thale junctions. A section runs east between Börnecke and Westerhausen between the Thale and Quedlinburg-Zentrum junctions. Parallel to the main road to Westerhausen, a green bridge crosses the federal road 6n to allow wild animals to cross. The Bahnhofstrasse leading out of Börnecke to the west, the Langensteiner Strasse leading to the northeast and the Halberstädter Strasse leading to the northeast are not intended for through traffic.
Börnecke can be reached by a bus from the Harz transport company .
Sons and daughters of the place
- Constantin Frantz (1817–1891), philosopher and political scientist
- Otto Goetsch (1900–1962), as Deputy Police President of Düsseldorf , was involved in an action to hand over the city to the US armed forces without a fight
- Georg-Friedrich Koch (1920–1994), art historian and university professor
literature
- 1000 Years of Börnecke , Ed. Chronicle Working Group, 2006
- Paths of Life - Archeology on the B 6n - Booklet for the special exhibition in the Quedlinburg Castle Museum , Ed. Harald Meller, 2005
Web links
- Börnecke (Harz) Official website of Börnecke
Individual evidence
- ↑ Otto Müller: Heimatboden - structure, surface design and development history of the northern Harz foreland , publications of the municipal museum on the history of nature and society in the city of Halberstadt, Halberstadt 1958, p. 52
- ↑ Own land is the basis of existence , Harzer Volksstimme from February 25, 2011
- ↑ a b c d e f g Ortschronik Börnecke
- ↑ Information board at the sulfur spring
- ↑ Information panel on the paths of German emperors and kings of the Middle Ages in the Harz Mountains
- ↑ Chronicle working group: 1000 years Börnecke , 2006, p. 5
- ↑ a b Chronicle working group: 1000 years Börnecke , 2006, pp. 5 and 6
- ↑ Chronicle working group: 1000 years Börnecke , 2006, pp. 6 to 9
- ↑ Chronicle working group: 1000 years Börnecke , 2006, pp. 9 and 10
- ↑ Volker Warnecke: Hike from Halberstadt to Börnecke train station , Between Harz and Bruch - home magazine for Halberstadt and the surrounding area, 3rd series, issue 9 July 1997, History Association for Halberstadt and the northern Harz foreland eV, pp. 10 and 11
- ↑ Report of the church visitator DJTh. Cunze, Blankenburg, to the Princely Consistory of November 6, 1821, Braunschweig Regional Church Archives
- ↑ Werner Glanz: 25 years of operation of the Halberstadt-Blankenburg Railway from March 31, 1873 to March 31, 1898, extended facsimile of the original version , Verlag Dirk Endisch, Stendal 2009, ISBN 978-3-936893-61-8 , p. 93
- ↑ Local leadership of the SED and the city council of Blankenburg: Blankenburg in past and present , 1979, p. 42
- ↑ Rendezvous with life ( Memento of the original from July 18, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (PDF; 274 kB) Chrismon, 05/2005
- ↑ A pastor from Börnecke once helped the Jewish prisoners ( memento of the original from July 23, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (PDF; 6.4 MB) Halberstädter Volksstimme, December 2003
- ↑ Ulrich Saft: War in the homeland ... to the bitter end in the Harz , military book publisher Saft, Walsrode 1994, ISBN 3-9801789-2-7 , p. 342
- ↑ Chronicle working group: 1000 years Börnecke , 2006, p. 9
- ↑ The stone box grave and the cattle burials at Börnecke State Office for Monument Preservation and Archeology Saxony-Anhalt
- ^ Ten in one grave State Office for Monument Preservation and Archeology Saxony-Anhalt
- ↑ Chronicle working group: 1000 years Börnecke , 2006, pp. 4 to 8
- ↑ Chronicle working group: 1000 years of Börnecke , 2006
- ↑ Press office of the Harz district: Harzer Kreisblatt , No. 9/2011, p. 22
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Official districts: Börnecke | Cattenstedt | City of Derenburg | Heimburg | Hüttenrode | Timmenrode | Wienrode
Unofficial districts: Blankenburg | Miter | Helsungen | Michaelstein | Oesig | Regenstein