Retz

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Borough
Retz
coat of arms Austria map
Retz coat of arms
Retz (Austria)
Retz
Basic data
Country: Austria
State : Lower Austria
Political District : Hollabrunn
License plate : HL
Surface: 45.02 km²
Coordinates : 48 ° 45 '  N , 15 ° 57'  E Coordinates: 48 ° 45 '22 "  N , 15 ° 57' 8"  E
Height : 252  m above sea level A.
Residents : 4,255 (January 1, 2020)
Population density : 95 inhabitants per km²
Postal code : 2070
Area code : 02942
Community code : 3 10 37
Address of the
municipal administration:
Hauptplatz 30
2070 Retz
Website: retz.at
politics
Mayor : Helmut Koch ( ÖVP )
Municipal Council : ( 2020 )
(25 members)
17th
3
3
2
17th 
A total of 25 seats
Location of Retz in the Hollabrunn district
Alberndorf im Pulkautal Göllersdorf Grabern Guntersdorf Hadres Hardegg Haugsdorf Heldenberg Hohenwarth-Mühlbach am Manhartsberg Hollabrunn Mailberg Maissau Nappersdorf-Kammersdorf Pernersdorf Pulkau Ravelsbach Retz Retzbach Schrattenthal Seefeld-Kadolz Sitzendorf an der Schmida Wullersdorf Zellerndorf Ziersdorf NiederösterreichLocation of the municipality of Retz in the Hollabrunn district (clickable map)
About this picture
Template: Infobox municipality in Austria / maintenance / site plan image map
Main square of Retz
Main square of Retz
Source: Municipal data from Statistics Austria
Windmill in Retz
Aerial photo of Retz, June 2019

Retz is a municipality with 4255 inhabitants (as of January 1, 2020) in the Hollabrunn district in the state of Lower Austria in Austria . The wine town is located near the Czech border, twelve kilometers from Znojmo .

geography

Retz is located in the northwestern Weinviertel . The area of ​​the municipality covers 45.02 square kilometers. 11.83 percent of the area is forested.

From 2004 to 2009, Retz was the place with the lowest rainfall in Austria.

Community structure

The municipality includes the following six localities (population in brackets as of January 1, 2020):

  • Hofern (68)
  • Kleinhöflein (298)
  • Kleinriedenthal (183)
  • Upper Alb (509)
  • Retz (2499)
  • Unteralb (698)

The community consists of the cadastral communities Hofern, Kleinhöflein, Kleinriedenthal, Obernalb, Retz Altstadt, Retz Stadt and Unterstalb.

Neighboring communities

climate

Average monthly temperatures and rainfall for Retz
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
Max. Temperature ( ° C ) 2.0 4.2 9.3 15.5 20.5 23.4 26.1 25.8 20.3 14.0 7.0 2.5 O 14.3
Min. Temperature (° C) -3.6 -2.5 1.1 5.4 10.1 12.9 14.8 14.7 10.7 6.2 1.6 -2.3 O 5.8
Temperature (° C) -1.1 0.3 4.6 9.9 14.8 17.7 19.9 19.6 14.9 9.6 4.0 -0.1 O 9.6
Precipitation ( mm ) 21st 19th 31 32 58 67 64 60 47 28 31 25th Σ 483
Humidity ( % ) 73.4 64.7 56.2 49.5 51.7 51.5 49.0 47.8 54.7 63.1 74.3 77.7 O 59.4
T
e
m
p
e
r
a
t
u
r
2.0
-3.6
4.2
-2.5
9.3
1.1
15.5
5.4
20.5
10.1
23.4
12.9
26.1
14.8
25.8
14.7
20.3
10.7
14.0
6.2
7.0
1.6
2.5
-2.3
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
N
i
e
d
e
r
s
c
h
l
a
g
21st
19th
31
32
58
67
64
60
47
28
31
25th
  Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec

history

The banks of the drained Lake Retz were already settled in the Neolithic , as numerous finds prove.

middle Ages

In the area of ​​today's Angers von Retz, a village was formed, which was called "Rezze" (Slavic rěčica , means something like "small river", which was probably the Retzbach) as early as 1180 .

Rudolf von Habsburg gave Count Berthold von Rabenswalde (1278–1312) the county and rule of Hardegg as a fief . The count did not stay long in Hardegg, but moved to Retz, where he founded the Dominican monastery (the Dominican church was completed in 1295) and finally founded the town of Retz around 1300.

In 1314, the county of Retz and Hardegg came from the Käfernburger family to the Querfurt line Maidburg-Hardegg, which went out in 1483.

The preacher Franz von Retz was born around 1343 . He reformed the Dominican order, taught at the University of Vienna , was its dean five times and also represented the university at the Council of Pisa . He died in Vienna on September 8, 1427.

On November 25, 1425 the Hussites conquered Retz and a few days later Schrattenthal and Pulkau . The city was destroyed and many residents were killed. A chronicle from Klosterneuburg reports 6,000 prisoners, including Count Heinrich von Maidburg- Hardegg , who were taken to Prague. Almost 8,000 men are said to have been slain and over 30 Catholic churches destroyed. 1431 Another raid by the Hussites.

The Bürgerspitalkapelle between the Verderberhaus and the Znojmo Gate was consecrated in 1467 and again secularized in 1783. Today it serves as the town collection and home of the South Moravian Gallery under the name “Museum Retz” (known in Retz as “Citizens Hospital”).

After the reconstruction, Matthias Corvinus conquered the city on October 12, 1486 after a siege of four days . Retz belonged to his domain until 1490. During this time, the city received those wine trade privileges that established the city's future wealth. Retz also owes its extensive and multi-storey cellar facilities to these privileges. Today they are used for guided tours and during the Advent season for an Advent market.

16th and 17th centuries

From 1568 to 1569, the former church on the main square was converted into the town hall by installing a false ceiling. The Marienkapelle was built on the ground floor. The cabinet-maker Jakob Barth from Retz worked on the carvings for over 30 years.

In 1576 the sgraffito house was built. In 1928 the pictures, which had meanwhile been painted over, were rediscovered and exposed.

The striking Verderberhaus dates back to 1583. It owes its name to the Verderber family, who bought the house in 1848.

The Thirty Years War brought destruction and the Swedes under Lennart Torstensson , who opened their headquarters in Schrattenthal.

David Gregor Corner (later 45th abbot of Göttweig Abbey Gregor I. Cornerus ) was pastor of Retz from 1619 to 1624.

Gatterburg Castle was built between 1660 and 1670 as the family seat of the von Gatterburg family . Today it is home to the Retz Bicycle Museum. In 1680 there was a plague epidemic in the city. The Trinity Column at the lower end of the square is reminiscent of this.

Since 1696 the houses have been allowed to be higher than the city wall. The Dominicans took this as an opportunity to add a third floor to their monastery.

18th and 19th centuries

In the years 1701 to 1713 the church tower was redesigned in Baroque style, from 1721 to 1728 the church itself was enlarged, rebuilt and redesigned in Baroque style. The altarpiece of Saint Stephen, painted by Leopold Kupelwieser , dates from 1852.

The first windmill in Retz came from 1772 and was made of wood. She later got a neighbor. This was already made of stone. This mill is only used as a residential building. In 1831 the wooden windmill was dismantled and the still functional mill was built in its place. A bricklayer from Liliendorf ( Lesná u Znojma ) in nearby South Moravia was also involved in this work . He used the knowledge he had acquired to also build a windmill in his hometown, which the son of the Retz wind miller later took over. In 1927 the company was closed. The duel scene for the TV series “ Der Kurier der Kaiserin ” with Klausjürgen Wussow was filmed here.

Not far from the mill is the Calvary . It was built between 1727 and 1737 and comes from Jakob Seer's workshop .

On November 1, 1871, Retz was connected to the international rail network by the Austrian Northwest Railway. In 1896 a Jewish prayer house was built, but it no longer exists today. The post office dates from 1897.

20th century

Today's Cardinal Christoph Schönborn also lived in the Dominican monastery, which still exists today . The poet Peter Turrini also stayed in this monastery for some time. Since then, both have been close friends. In the television series " Julia - An Unusual Woman ", the main character Julia Laubach (played by Christiane Hörbiger ) worked in the Retz district court; the castle formed the backdrop for the gendarmerie post.

coat of arms

AUT Retz COA.svg
Blazon : "On a blue shield, a gelöwter gold, gold-winning and gold reinforced lion."

Population development


Community partnerships

politics

City Office of Retz

The municipal council has 25 members.

  • With the municipal council elections in Lower Austria in 1990, the municipal council had the following distribution: 17 ÖVP, 5 SPÖ, 2 FPÖ and 1 other.
  • With the municipal council elections in Lower Austria in 1995, the municipal council had the following distribution: 17 ÖVP, 6 SPÖ, 1 FPÖ and 1 citizen's list lifting dispute for justice.
  • With the municipal council elections in Lower Austria in 2000, the municipal council had the following distribution: 18 ÖVP, 6 SPÖ and 1 FPÖ.
  • With the municipal council elections in Lower Austria in 2005 , the municipal council had the following distribution: 16 ÖVP, 8 SPÖ and 1 Greens.
  • With the municipal council elections in Lower Austria in 2010 , the municipal council had the following distribution: 16 ÖVP, 7 SPÖ, 1 Greens and 1 FPÖ.
  • With the municipal elections in Lower Austria in 2015 , the municipal council had the following distribution: 10 ÖVP, 7 FÜRETZ – We for Retz, 6 SPÖ and 2 Greens.
  • With the municipal council elections in Lower Austria 2020 , the municipal council has the following distribution: 17 ÖVP, 3 WFR – We for Retz, 3 Greens and 2 SPÖ.
mayor
  • until 2005 Karl Fenth (ÖVP)
  • 2005–2015 Karl Heilinger (ÖVP)
  • since 2015 Helmut Koch (ÖVP)

Attractions

City parish church St. Stephan
Sgraffito house
Aisle in the adventure
cellar Due to the shape of this type of construction, it is also called the "Gaisrücke"
Kellergasse in Kleinhöflein
Kellergasse Kirchberggasse in Retz old town
Kellergasse Hohlweg in Unteralb
  • Retz city wall and old city center
  • Retzer Erlebniskeller: one of the largest historical wine cellars in Central Europe (see web links)
  • City Museum Retz: can be found in the Bürgersaal in the town hall
  • Museum Retz: Local History Museum and South Moravian Gallery, "Citizens Hospital"
  • Cinema: Retz has a cinema and a film club; the cinema is on the main square
  • Main square with pillory and Holy Trinity column : extensive wine cellars lie under the main square
  • Town hall: with town hall tower (guided tours are offered)
  • Town hall chapel: decorated with magnificent ceiling frescoes
  • Sgraffito house
  • Spoiler house
  • Gatterburg Castle
  • Dominican Church and Dominican Monastery
  • City parish church St. Stephan: first mentioned in 1200
  • Retz windmill : one of the last two operational windmills in Austria, the only completely original windmill in Austria
  • Calvary
  • Military cemetery - is a little hidden not far from the windmill and Calvary. Created in 1979. All German fallen soldiers (as well as women and men from other nations) who had previously been buried in the Weinviertel found a common resting place.
  • Bicycle museum: the bicycle museum is located in the Schüttkasten , below Gatterburg Castle
  • War memorial 1809
  • Nalbertor
  • Znaimertor
  • Phylloxera express: the nostalgic train runs on weekends from 1.5. until October 26th on the Retz-Drosendorf route (see traffic)
  • Schußbergmarter
  • The Gupferte Berg east of Unteralb is a former medieval local mountain and is home to one of the few Austrian occurrences of the subshrub Radmelde ( Bassia prostrata ).
Natural monuments

Protected natural monuments according to the Lower Austrian Nature Conservation Act:

  • Eierstein: The Eierstein is a rock north-west of the city that is reminiscent of a giant egg with a partially peeled shell.
  • Schredlkeller art cave system in Obernalb
  • Rock formation Hangenstein with dry grass southeast of the city
  • Heidenstatt rock formation or sacrificial stone near Hofern
Regular events
  • Wine days: annually, from Corpus Christi for 10 days
  • Grape harvest festival: annually, from Friday to Sunday on the last weekend in September
  • Pumpkin festival in the Retz region
  • Festival Retz: Festival of classical music, takes place annually on the first two weekends in July

economy

Retz is a traditional wine and trading town.

In 2001 there were 206 non-agricultural workplaces, agricultural and forestry operations 315 according to the 1999 survey. According to the 2001 census, the number of people in employment at the place of residence was 1,709. In 2001 the employment rate was 42.08 percent.

Obernalb has one of the largest vineyards in Weinviertel .

traffic

Retz train station
  • Train: Retz can be reached by train from Vienna (city limits) in around 60 minutes, usually every hour on weekdays (every half hour at peak times) and every 2 hours on weekends. The Retz station is a separation station with three platform tracks. It is the northernmost station of the Nordwestbahn in Austria with a dispatcher . From here one of the steepest standard-gauge lines in Austria leads to Drosendorf-Zissersdorf (built in 1910, local railway Retz-Drosendorf ), on which passenger traffic was discontinued on June 9, 2001. The remaining freight traffic to Weitersfeld was also discontinued in December 2010 when the line was taken over by NÖVOG. During the summer months a nostalgic train, the " Phylloxera Express", brings cyclists and hikers to Drosendorf on weekends and public holidays . After the opening of the border, rail traffic to Znojmo was resumed in the 1990s . Since the 2007 timetable, the train has been running on a modernized and electrified route to Schattau and, since December 12, 2009, has continued to the current terminus in Znojmo.

education

  • Elementary school, pre-school and associated special school
  • Hauptschule and new middle school
  • Polytechnic
  • Higher federal college for tourism
  • Federal Commercial School and Federal Commercial Academy: Founded in 1925 as a municipal commercial school
After the opening of the border in 1989, the latter two schools have mixed classes with Austrian and Czech students. In 1996 the first Matura examination of a "bicultural class" took place at the Retz Federal Commercial Academy.
  • music school

Sports

Personalities

View from the town hall tower over the main square in east direction
Honorary citizen of the community
Sons and daughters of the church

Movies

literature

  • Wilhelm-Christian Erasmus: castles, pens and palaces. Regions Waldviertel, Danube Basin, South Bohemia, Vysočina, South Moravia. Destination Waldviertel, Zwettl 2007, ISBN 978-3-9502262-2-5 , p. 134 f.

Web links

Commons : Retz  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. Statistics Austria: Population on January 1st, 2020 by locality (area status on January 1st, 2020) , ( CSV )
  2. The Cardinal and the Poet ( Memento of the original dated December 15, 2005 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. on ORF on August 27, 2005, accessed on November 10, 2008. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / oe1.orf.at
  3. ^ Result of the local council election 1995 in Retz. Office of the Lower Austrian State Government, March 30, 2000, accessed on April 4, 2020 .
  4. ^ Election result of the municipal council election 2000 in Retz. Office of the Lower Austrian State Government, February 4, 2005, accessed April 4, 2020 .
  5. ^ Election result of the local council election 2005 in Retz. Office of the Lower Austrian State Government, March 4, 2005, accessed on April 4, 2020 .
  6. ^ Election result of the local council election 2010 in Retz. Office of the Lower Austrian State Government, October 8, 2010, accessed on April 4, 2020 .
  7. ^ Election result of the 2015 municipal council election in Retz. Office of the Lower Austrian State Government, December 1, 2015, accessed on April 4, 2020 .
  8. Results of the municipal council election 2020 in Retz. Office of the Lower Austrian State Government, January 26, 2020, accessed on April 4, 2020 .
  9. Godfrid Wessely, Ilse Draxler , Georg Gangl and Peter Gottschling: Geologie von Niederösterreich , Verlag der Geologische Bundesanstalt, Vienna 2006, S368f, ISBN 3-85316-239-8
  10. http://www.reblaus-express.at/
  11. Weblink: [1]
  12. Weblink: [2]