Bonmont

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Bonmont Abbey
former abbey church
former abbey church
location SwitzerlandSwitzerland Switzerland
Coordinates: 46 ° 24 '9.7 "  N , 6 ° 8' 56.1"  E Coordinates: 46 ° 24 '9.7 "  N , 6 ° 8' 56.1"  E ; CH1903:  five hundred thousand eight hundred twenty  /  139855
Serial number
according to Janauschek 		45
founding year between 1110 and 1120 by Benedictines
Cistercian since 1131
Year of dissolution /
annulment 		1536
Mother monastery Clairvaux Monastery
Primary Abbey Clairvaux Monastery

Daughter monasteries

no

Bonmont is a former Cistercian abbey in the municipality of Chéserex , in the Nyon district of the canton of Vaud in Switzerland . The hamlet is 597 m above sea level. M., at the southeast foot of La Dôle , 7 km west-northwest of Nyon (air line). Today the former abbey church and the castle are located in the middle of a golf course.

history

The exact founding date of the Bonmont Monastery is unknown; it can be narrowed down to the time between 1110 and 1120. It was first mentioned in 1123 under the name de bonomonte . The monastic community initially lived according to the rules of the Benedictines and received rich donations from the Lords of Divonne and von Gingins . With the visit of Bernhard von Clairvaux in 1131, the monastery took over the rules of the Cistercian order and thus became the first Cistercian abbey in Switzerland. The abbey church was built in the second half of the 12th century. In the Middle Ages the Abbey Bonmont flourished and was in the 13th century under the protection of the House of Savoy one of the richest monasteries in the Lake Geneva area with large land between the lake shore and the Jura foothills and between Coppet and Aubonne .

With the conquest of Vaud by Bern in 1536, the monastery was secularized. As a result, the abbey buildings were partly demolished and partly converted into agricultural buildings. From then on, the abbey church served profane purposes, namely as a wine store, granary, cheese dairy and bakery. In the Bernese period from 1536 to 1798, a governor was appointed to manage the secularized monastery property, who had judicial rights but was subject to the high jurisdiction of the bailiff of Nyon. In 1711 Bonmont was separated from the Nyon Bailiwick and raised to its own bailiwick, which, however, was the smallest of the 16 Welschbernian bailiwicks. The Bailiwick of Bonmont included La Rippe , Chéserex and Gingins as well as the Bogis-Bossey and Chavannes-de-Bogis, which were an exclave . After the collapse of the Ancien Régime , the municipalities of the Bailiwick of Bonmont came to the Nyon district in the canton of Léman during the Helvetic period in 1798 , which opened in 1803 when the mediation constitution came into force in the canton of Vaud.

Bonmont became state property in 1798 and privatized again in 1802. The abbey church probably owes its existence to profane use from the 16th to the 20th century. This saved the church from decay or demolition. The former abbey church has been a listed building since 1942. It came into the possession of the canton in 1982 and was then restored until 1995.

buildings

Of the former Notre-Dame de Bonmont abbey, only the Sainte-Marie abbey church has survived, the convent buildings no longer exist. The construction of the church, initially kept simple in accordance with the rules of the Cistercians, was probably started around 1131. Construction was completed shortly before 1200. The architecture shows a transition from Romanesque to Gothic styles. From the 14th century onwards, the strictness of the Cistercian rules was abandoned and the church began to be decorated in order to symbolize the prosperity of the abbey to the outside world. The roof turret was replaced by the massive crossing tower in 1488 . Further redesigns were carried out during the profane use.

On the site of the former monastery hospital south of the church, Bonmont Castle was built in 1738, which served as the seat of the Bailiff of Bonmont and is still privately owned today.

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