Johanniterkommende Münchenbuchsee

Münchenbuchsee, Komturhaus (today the rectory).

The Kommende Münchenbuchsee in the municipality of Münchenbuchsee in the canton of Bern was 1180–1528 / 29 the oldest Kommende of the Order of St. John in Switzerland . In the internal administrative order of the Order of St. John, Münchenbuchsee belonged to the Grand Priory of Germany.

history

In 1180, the childless Cuno von Buchsee, with the consent of his wife Berta von Frohburg and his co-heir Heinrich von Buchsee, donated the villages of Münchenbuchsee including his ancestral seat, Wankdorf and Worblaufen as well as the vineyards in Nugerol and Montigel to the order of St. Johannis from the hospital in Jerusalem to establish a hospital. The foundation was established in 1192 by Pope Alexander III. approved. Nobles and notables of the city of Bern then bequeathed other goods to the hospital. In 1241, for example, the Bernese mayor Peter von Bubenberg gave goods to Wiler, Dürrenberg, Zinslisberg, Murzelen and Möriswil. The hospital foundation was converted into a Johanniterkommende in 1256. In 1329 this was incorporated into the Bernese castle law. During the Reformation , the last commander, Peter von Englisberg, handed over the command to the city ​​of Bern and instead was given Bremgarten Castle as his residence. The bailiffs of the city of Bern referred to the commander as an office building.

The Kommende, which was walled as a free district, comprised Buchsee Castle , a Komtureitrakt with convent house and Komturhaus as well as a church. There was also a guest house and utility building. After the secularization , the Komturhaus became a parsonage, the convent house became a granary and the other buildings were used by the bailiffs. In the 17th century, a new bailiff's palace ( Münchenbuchsee Palace ) was built in place of the castle . In the 19th century, parts of the Kommende served as a school.

Münchenbuchsee Castle

When Heinrich Pestalozzi had to vacate Burgdorf Castle and his educational institute in 1804 as part of the new mediation constitution , as this was being claimed by the new Bernese Oberamtmann, the canton of Bern assigned him the castle in the Kommende Münchenbuchsee as new accommodation for his institute . At the same time, Pestalozzi united his institution organizationally with the educational institution of the Bernese patrician Philipp Emanuel von Fellenberg, who had established an "educational province" (Goethe) in nearby Hofwil. Fellenberg and Pestalozzi had divergent ideas in many respects, which is why they soon fell out and Pestalozzi withdrew to start again in Vaud (Yverdon). But Pestalozzi's teachers, who had stayed with the children in Münchenbuchsee, came into conflict with Fellenberg, which is why they left Münchenbuchsee with the children in the autumn of 1804 and joined Pestalozzi in Yverdon. From 1833 to 1884 the canton of Bern ran a teachers' seminar in the Kommende, and from 1890 an institution for the deaf and dumb boys, which still exists today as the educational center for hearing and language in Münchenbuchsee (formerly the cantonal language healing school) "in the Johanniterkloster".

List of the Commons

Heinricus, 1237 Heinrich von Toggenburg, 1254–1257 Heinrich Piscator, 1257-1262 Peter von Hochdorf, 1264 Degenhard, 1267, 1297 Hoeyer, 1279 Burkart von Lubistorf, 1281–1284 Heinrich von Leonegg, 1285–1292 Burkard von Schwanden , 1298–1308 Kuno von Falkenstein, 1310 Heinrich von Rümligen, 1310 Erbo von Rumersheim, 1312

Hugo von Diessenhofen, 1316–1323 Berchtold Viztum, 1323-1324 Hugo von Offenburg, 1331–1339 Peter von Kienberg , 1340-1349 Konrad von Lindnach, 1350-1362 Dietrich von Keppenbach, 1363-1364 Egidius von Keppenbach, 1375, 1391 Markwart von Büttikon, 1382 Stephan Guttuerer, 1386 Hesso Schlegelholz, 1387 John of Ow , 1396-1407 Konrad von Gengenbach, 1420-1421

Hugo von Montfort, 1427 Egidius Wolf, 1439-1446 John of Ow , 1449–1481 Jakob von Ryffenberg, 1482–1486 Albrecht von Nüneck, 1488–1496 Peter Stolz, 1498–1503 Peter von Englisberg , 1505–1529

literature

• Hermann von Fischer : Restoration of the former Johanniterkomturei Münchenbuchsee BE. In: (Das) Werk, Volume 55 (1968), pp. 164–166.
• Egbert Friedrich von Mülinen: The Order of St. John or Maltese, its fate, constitution and its branches in Switzerland, especially the Johanniterhaus Buchsee (Münchenbuchsee). Bern 1868. Digitized
• Wolfgang Friedrich von Mülinen: Johann von Ow, master master of the Order of St. John. In: Leaves for Bernese history, art and antiquity. 5, 1909, 1, 31, doi : 10.5169 / seals-178728
• Margrit Wick-Werder: Münchenbuchsee BE (Johanniter). In: The Johanniter, the Templer, the Teutonic Order, the Lazariter and Lazariterinnen, the Pauliner and the Serviten in Switzerland. Helvetia Sacra (HS), Vol. IV / 7, pp. 383-404. Basel 2006. ISBN 978-3-7965-2153-9
• Marco Zimmermann: Church and former Johanniterkommende Münchenbuchsee. (Swiss Art Guide, No. 782/783, Series 79). Ed. Society for Swiss Art History GSK. Bern 2005, ISBN 978-3-85782-782-2 .

Web links

Commons : Johanniterkommende Münchenbuchsee  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

• Pedagogical center for hearing and language Münchenbuchsee

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Bern State Archives
2. ↑ Bern State Archives

Coordinates: 47 ° 1 '18.2 "  N , 7 ° 26' 54.8"  E ; CH1903:  600,755  /  207854