Claude Chabrol
Claude Henri Jean Chabrol [ kloːd ʃaˈbʀɔl ] (born June 24, 1930 in Paris ; † September 12, 2010 ibid) was a French film director , screenwriter , film producer and actor . He was one of the important directors of the Nouvelle Vague and known for his socially critical films about the French bourgeoisie . Influenced by Alfred Hitchcock , he portrayed the cryptic and ambiguous in many of his films in an ironic and detached way.
life and work
Claude Chabrol came from a long-established family of pharmacists. He grew up with his grandparents in the central French village of Sardent ( Département Creuse , Limousin region ). At the age of thirteen he founded a film club in a village barn. After the end of the Second World War he returned to Paris, attended high school and studied literature at the Sorbonne . After passing the state examination, he was briefly enrolled in law and pharmacy . At the same time , he regularly attended the Cinémathèque française and the cineastes circle in the Parisian "Café de la Comédie", which was founded by André Bazin . Together with Éric Rohmer , he wrote a monograph on his film role model Alfred Hitchcock in 1956 , the world's first Hitchcock monograph. In the late 1950s he became a film critic for the Cahiers du cinéma . Chabrol eventually dropped out and initially worked in the press department of 20th Century Fox in Paris.
Although his parents prevented him from attending the Paris Film School ( IDHEC ) and he was never able to gain experience as an assistant director , he presented his first directorial work, Die Enttäuschten , at the Locarno Film Festival in 1958 . The location was the village of his childhood and youth. With an inheritance and the proceeds from his second film, Scream, If You Can (1958), he was able to set up his own production company AJYM (the name is an acronym formed from the initials of the first names of his first wife and both sons). She also produced the first works by Éric Rohmer, Philippe de Broca and Jacques Rivette .
His first wife, Agnès Goute, “came from a wealthy family, and we basically did nothing other than throw decadent parties. When she inherited her grandmother, we didn't even know what to do with the money. ”In 1957, Chabrol decided to do a film work“ to spend at least part of the money ”. He regretted the unexpected success of the film, because it meant that he was “forced” to continue filming. This marriage (1952–1964) was the result of the sons Jean-Yves (* 1954, architect) and Matthieu Chabrol (* 1956), who, as a musician and composer, composed the music for some of his father's films. In his second marriage (1964–1980) Chabrol was married to the actress Stéphane Audran ; their son, the actor Thomas Chabrol , also appeared in his father's films, such as Betty . In 1983 he married Aurore Pajot, who used to work as a "script girl" or script supervisor and who often accompanied her husband on filming . Chabrol was an avowed Maoist and known as a gourmet and workaholic . In 1989 he was voted " Pipe Smoker of the Year ". Chabrol described himself as a feminist, among other things he made this clear by the appreciation of his wives: “With every marriage there was a surprise. My first wife had a lot of money that I didn't know before. The second suddenly turned out to be a gifted actress. And the third turned out to be the most wonderful wife, who also cooks wonderfully, and that is the greatest happiness of my life. "
In order to keep his film team, which he also regarded as his extended family, in a good mood, he always went to filming locations where a good restaurant could also be reached.
He shared an intensive working relationship with the composer Pierre Jansen , who composed the music for 30 of his films, and the character actress Isabelle Huppert , who appeared in seven of his best films: “Chabrol knows me better than anyone. We don't need miles of conversation. We understand each other even without words. "
Chabrol has filmed works by Henry James , Cornell Woolrich, Flaubert , Henry Miller , Patricia Highsmith , Ellery Queen and Simenon , as well as Fantomas . The French bourgeoisie was his favorite domain: Using filmic means he dissected the relationship of the bourgeoisie to money and power, depicting their intrigues , their decadence and their lust. Even more so, the middle-class middle class, which works on the externally determined or self-imposed desires and demands, on the desired self-image, until self-confidence crumbles and is punished with obsessions and pathologies.
Chabrol was popular with colleagues for his “witty” and “contagious joke”, with which he “relaxed” ideological-aesthetic debates at the Cinémathèque française , as Volker Schlöndorff observed. For Hanns Zischler he was “a very warm person and very entertaining. He was able to spread an extraordinarily good mood. ”He also doesn't know anyone who has seen so many films and was able to speak enthusiastically about so many films as Chabrol.
In 2000, Chabrol was a member of the jury at the Venice International Film Festival . A great admirer of Chabrol's film art was the German filmmaker Rainer Werner Fassbinder , who analyzed Chabrol's films in 1975 in an essay , but also criticized them. Occasionally, Chabrol appeared as an actor in films by colleagues.
Claude Chabrol was buried in the Père-Lachaise cemetery in Paris.
Filmography
Director
- 1958: The Disappointed (Le beau Serge)
- 1959: scream if you can (Les cousins)
- 1959: Steps without a trace (À double tour)
- 1959: The Unsatisfied (Les bonnes femmes)
- 1960: Menu of love (Les godelureaux)
- 1961: L'avarice , episode from: The Seven Deadly Sins (Les sept péchés capitaux)
- 1962: The Eye of Evil (L'œil du malin)
- 1962: The Woman Killer of Paris (Landru)
- 1964: Women are to blame for everything (Les plus belles escroqueries du monde) (Episode: L'homme qui vendit la Tour Eiffel )
- 1964: The tiger only loves fresh meat (Le tigre aime la chair fraîche)
- 1965: The tiger perfumes himself with dynamite (Le tigre se parfume à la dynamite)
- 1965: MC versus Dr. KHA (Marie-Chantal contre le docteur Kha)
- 1966: La ligne de demarcation
- 1967: Champagne Killer (Le scandale)
- 1967: The Strait of Corinth (La route de Corinthe)
- 1968: Two friends (Les biches)
- 1968: The unfaithful woman (La femme infidèle)
- 1969: The Beast Must Die (Que la bête meure)
- 1970: The butcher (Le boucher)
- 1970: The crack (La rupture)
- 1971: Before nightfall (Juste avant la nuit)
- 1971: The tenth day (La décade prodigieuse)
- 1972: The scoundrel, also The Bulldog (Docteur Popaul)
- 1973: Bloody wedding (Les noces rouges)
- 1974: A fun life (Une partie de plaisir)
- 1974: Nada
- 1975: The innocents with the dirty hands (Les innocents aux mains sales)
- 1975: The guilty with the clean hands (Les magiciens)
- 1976: The Mad Rich (Folies bourgeoises)
- 1976: Alice (Alice ou la dernière fugue)
- 1978: Blood relatives (Les liens de sang)
- 1978: Violette Nozière
- 1979: Fantomas: 1. Fateful Rendezvous (Fantomas: 1. L'échafaud magique)
- 1979: Fantomas: 4. The red diamond (Fantomas: 4. Le tramway fantôme)
- 1980: Dream horse (Le cheval d'orgueil)
- 1981: The Elective Affinities (Les affinités électives , TV) - based on the novel of the same name by Johann Wolfgang von Goethe
- 1982: The Hatter's Fantome (Les fantômes du chapelier)
- 1984: The Blood of Others (Le sang des autres)
- 1985: Chicken in vinegar ( chicken au vinaigre)
- 1986: Inspector Lavardin or Justice (Inspecteur Lavardin)
- 1986 masks (Masques)
- 1987: The Owl's Cry (Le cri du hibou)
- 1988: A woman affair (Une affaire des femmes)
- 1988: Inspector Lavardin: The Black Snail (Les dossiers de l'inspecteur Lavardin: L'escargot noir , TV)
- 1988: Inspector Lavardin: Deadly Enigma (Les dossiers de l'inspecteur Lavardin: Maux croisés , TV)
- 1990: Quiet days in Clichy (Jours tranquilles à Clichy)
- 1990: Dr. M.
- 1991: Madame Bovary
- 1992: Betty
- 1993: The Eye of Vichy (L'œil de Vichy ) (documentary)
- 1994: Hell (L'enfer)
- 1995: Biester (La cérémonie)
- 1996: Cyprien Katsaris (TV)
- 1997: Life is a game (Rien ne va plus)
- 1999: The Color of Lies (Au cœur du mensonge)
- 2000: Chabrol's sweet poison (Merci pour le chocolat)
- 2003: The Flower of Evil (La fleur du mal)
- 2004: The Bridesmaid (La demoiselle d'honneur)
- 2006: Secret state affairs (L'ivresse du pouvoir)
- 2007: The woman divided into two parts (La Fille coupée en deux)
- 2007: La parure and Le petit fût , episodes from Chez Maupassant (TV)
- 2009: Commissioner Bellamy (Bellamy)
Scripts for films by other directors
- 1988: Inspector Lavardin: The devil in the city (Les dossiers de l'inspecteur Lavardin: Le diable en ville)
- 2002: Untreu (Unfaithful) - Director: Adrian Lyne - (based on Chabrol's screenplay for "Die unfaithful" from 1968)
Performances as a performer
- 1966: Brigitte and Brigitte (Brigitte et Brigitte) - Director: Luc Moullet
- 1977: A Crazy Guy (L'Animal) - Director: Claude Zidi
- 1983: Polar - Under the Shadow Line (Polar) - Director: Jacques Bral
- 1985: A Day in Paris (Suivez mon regard) - Director: Jean Curtelin
- 1987: All the little birds are already there (Alouette, je te plumerai) - Director: Pierre Zucca
- 1991: La femme normal (Sam Suffit) - Director: Virginie Thévenet
- 1993: Hotel de Suède, room 12 - On the trail of “Out of breath” - Direction: Claude Ventura, Xavier Villetard
- 2010: Gainsbourg - The man who loved women (Gainsbourg - Vie héroïque) - Director: Joann Sfar
- 2018: The Other Side of the Wind [shot in the early 1970s] - directed by Orson Welles
Awards
- 1958: Silver sail of the Locarno International Film Festival for the disappointed
- 1959: Jean Vigo Prize for The Disappointed
- 1959: Golden Bear of the International Film Festival of Berlin for cry if you can
- 1959: nominated for the Golden Lion of the Venice International Film Festival for Steps Without a Trace
- 1971: Bodil in the category Best European Film for The Butcher
- 1978: nominated for the Golden Palm of the International Film Festival of Cannes for Violette Nozière
- 1985: Nominated for the Palme d'Or at the Cannes International Film Festival for Chicken in Vinegar
- 1989: nominated for the César as best director for A Woman's Thing
- 1989: Pipe Smoker of the Year
- 1995: nominated for the Golden Lion of the Venice International Film Festival for Beasts
- 1996: nominated for the César in the categories of film, directing and screenplay for beasts
- 1997: Golden Shell and Director's Award of the Festival Internacional de Cine de Donostia-San Sebastián for Life is a Game
- 2000: Louis Delluc Prize for Chabrol's sweet poison
- 2003: European film award for life's work
- 2005: Prix René Clair of the Académie française for his life's work
- 2009: Berlinale Camera
Literature (excerpt)
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Éric Rohmer , Claude Chabrol: Hitchcock. Éditions Universitaires, Paris 1957.
- Hitchcock . Edited and translated by Robert Fischer . Alexander Verlag , Berlin / Cologne 2013, ISBN 978-3-89581-280-4 .
- Rainer Werner Fassbinder among others: Claude Chabrol . In: Film series . 2nd, supplemented and expanded edition. tape 5 . Hanser, Munich / Vienna 1986, ISBN 3-446-14410-2 .
- Joël Magny: Claude Chabrol. Cahiers du cinéma, Paris 1987, ISBN 2-86642-050-0 .
- Charles Derry: The Suspense Thriller. Films in the Shadow of Alfred Hitchcock. McFarland, Jefferson, NC 1988, ISBN 0-7864-1208-9 .
- Christian Blanchet. Claude Chabrol. Rivages, Paris / Marseille 1989, ISBN 2-86930-205-3 .
- Guy Austin: Claude Chabrol. Auto portrait. Manchester UP, Manchester 1999, ISBN 0-7190-5272-6 .
- Wilfrid Alexandre: Claude Chabrol. La traversée des apparences. Biography. Éditions du felin, Paris 2003, ISBN 2-86645-459-6 .
- Claude Chabrol, Francois Guérif: How to make a film . Authors House Verlag, Berlin 2004, ISBN 3-932909-46-1 .
- Pia Bowinkelmann: L' il de Vichy. In: Shadow World. The extermination of the Jews depicted in the French documentary. Offizin, Hannover 2008, ISBN 978-3-930345-62-5 .
- Emilie Bickerton: A Brief History of the Cahiers du cinéma. diaphanes , 2010, ISBN 978-3-03734-126-1 .
Documentaries
- Getting Away with Murder, or The Childhood of Claude Chabrol. TV documentary, UK, 1978, written and directed by Alan Yentob , produced by BBC , London.
- Claude Chabrol - My first film . (OT: Claude Chabrol. Mon premier film. ) TV documentary, France, 2003, 52 min., Script and director: Francis Girod , production: arte France, Artline, German first broadcast: December 7, 2003, film data from IMDb .
- The world of Claude Chabrol. TV documentary, Germany, 2003, 30 min., Director: Eckhart Schmidt , production: Raphaela-Film, synopsis by ARD .
- Claude Chabrol, filmmaker of the silent scandal. (OT: Chabrol, l'anticonformiste. ) Documentary, France, 2011, 56:64 min., Script and direction: Cécile Maistre-Chabrol, production: Plan B et Compagnie, INA , arte France, first broadcast: February 17, 2019 at arte, table of contents by ARD , online video available until April 17, 2019.
Web links
- Claude Chabrol in the Internet Movie Database (English)
- Essay, bibliography, filmography, links , sensesofcinema.com (English)
- Chabrol, Claude , filmreference.com (English)
- Chabrol dossier from arte, 2010. ( Memento from January 14, 2013 in the web archive archive.today ).
- Biography for the 80th birthday. ( Memento from January 3, 2015 in the web archive archive.today ). In: swr.de , June 24, 2010
- Mourning for Claude Chabrol. In: FAZ.net , September 12, 2010, video, 1:46 min.
Press article
- Christiane Peitz: Claude Chabrol - the incorruptible eye. In: Tagesspiegel , September 12, 2010.
- Andreas Kilb : Claude Chabrol is turning eighty. On the trail of the hunters. In: FAZ , June 24, 2010, with photo series.
- Helmut Merker: The poisoner. In: Tagesspiegel, June 24, 2010.
- Terrence Rafferty: Claude Chabrol is a Master of the Thriller (Hold the Thrills). In: New York Times , July 30, 2006.
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c Simon Ofenloch: The innocent with dirty hands - Claude Chabrol. ( Memento from April 18, 2013 in the web archive archive.today ). In: arte , May 2010.
- ^ Filmmaker Claude Chabrol has died. In: FR-online.de . September 12, 2010, accessed September 12, 2010 .
- ↑ a b dpa , AFP : “He knew how to laugh.” In: Zeit online , September 13, 2010.
- ↑ a b c biography. The merciless chronicler of bourgeois sins. ( Memento from April 18, 2013 in the web archive archive.today ). In: arte / Kino-Zeit.de .
- ↑ a b Susan Vahabzadeh: Claude Chabrol on the 80th: Harmonic misfortune. In: Süddeutsche Zeitung , June 24, 2010.
- ↑ Claude Chabrol biography at Who's Who .
- ↑ a b Suzanne Déglon Scholer: Claude Chabrol à la Cinémathèque suisse. ( Memento of November 13, 2008 in the Internet Archive ). In: e-media.ch , December 4, 2007, biography and interview, French, (PDF; 11 p., 502 kB).
- ^ A b c Marco Schmidt: Are you a feminist, Monsieur Chabrol? In: Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung , July 21, 2007, No. 16, p. Z6, interview with Claude Chabrol.
- ↑ a b APA : Claude Chabrol: "I've always been lucky with my wives". In: Die Standard , July 1, 2009.
- ↑ a b ap : French director celebrates his birthday. Claude Chabrol: 75 and not a bit dear. In: Rheinische Post , June 20, 2005.
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↑ a b c Birgit Roschy: On the death of the film director Claude Chabrol. In: Schwäbisches Tagblatt , September 13, 2010.
Interview with Roger Ebert : Flashback: Chabrol and Ebert talk in 1971. ( Memento from May 27, 2010 in the Internet Archive ) In: Chicago Sun-Times , January 24, 1971.
Chabrol: I. am a Communist, certainly, but that doesn't mean I have to make films about the wheat harvest. (Translation: "I'm a communist, of course, but that doesn't mean I have to make films about the wheat harvest.") - ↑ “Total exception”. Berlinale boss Kosslick pays tribute to Claude Chabrol as a filmmaker and gourmet. In: Deutschlandradio , September 12, 2010.
- ^ Wilhelm Roth ( epd ): On the death of Claude Chabrol: the astute critic. ( Memento from July 31, 2013 in the Internet Archive ). In: Badische Zeitung , September 13, 2010.
- ↑ Fritz Göttler: The Evil Eye - On the death of the filmmaker Claude Chabrol. ( Memento of March 4, 2016 in the Internet Archive ). In: Süddeutsche Zeitung , September 13, 2010.
- ↑ Gérard Depardieu in: He knew how to laugh. In: Die Zeit , September 13, 2010.
- ↑ “Surprise me!” Volker Schlöndorff mourns the loss of Claude Chabrol. In: Tagesspiegel , September 12, 2010.
- ↑ a b Wenke Husmann, Carolin Ströbele: Pictures that can't get out of my head. In: Die Zeit , September 13, 2010, interview with Hanns Zischler.
- ↑ Photos: The grave of Claude Chabrol. In: knerger.de .
- ↑ Awards of the Berlinale 2009 , accessed February 19, 2019.
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↑ Chabrol, Claude. In: filmreference.com .
Getting Away with Murder. In: British Film Institute (BFI).
personal data | |
---|---|
SURNAME | Chabrol, Claude |
ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Chabrol, Claude Henri Jean (full name) |
BRIEF DESCRIPTION | French film director, screenwriter, film producer and actor |
DATE OF BIRTH | June 24, 1930 |
PLACE OF BIRTH | Paris , France |
DATE OF DEATH | September 12, 2010 |
Place of death | Paris , France |