Eisenstrasse (Rothaargebirge)

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Asphalted section of the iron road (black line), u. a. with mountains (brown), bodies of water (blue), localities (red), roads (yellow lines) and Rothaarsteig (red line)
The Eisenstrasse near the Siegquelle
View from the Schöne Aussicht to the west over the Siegerland
Crater filled with water near the Eisenstrasse
Highest point in the Lahn-Dill district  - 673.1  m above sea level. NN (border of North Rhine-Westphalia and Hesse) near the highest iron road point ( 673.3  m above sea  level ) on the Netphener Jagdberg

The Eisenstrasse in the Rothaargebirge is a former trade and long-distance traffic route in the Siegen-Wittgenstein district in North Rhine-Westphalia and in the Lahn-Dill district in Hesse .

The road crosses the Rhine-Weser watershed . In its asphalted part, which is 12.5 km long, it leads to 658.4  m and in the part closed to public motor vehicle traffic to a maximum of 673.3  m above sea level. Above sea level.

Other streets of this type in Germany and Austria also bear the name Eisenstrasse .

geography

location

The Eisenstraße is a high route in the southern part of the Rothaar Mountains and the Sauerland-Rothaar Mountains Nature Park . Among other things, it is part of the state road  722 and runs in rural forest areas, most of which belong to the city of Netphen ; only the northernmost part is located in Hilchenbach's urban area, in the south-eastern part the road initially touches the state border with Hesse (Lahn-Dill district, Dietzhölztal municipality ) and merges into the area of ​​the city of Bad Laasphe .

The Eisenstraße passes through the Eder , Sieg and Lahn springs one after the other .

course

The Eisenstraße branches off at Lützel (to Hilchenbach) at 578  m above sea level. NHN from Bundesstraße 62 and initially leads southeast to the Lützel settlement belonging to Lützel . Historically, however, the northernmost section ran over today's streets Hohler Weg and Auf den Weißen Steinen , which flow north of the settlement into what is now Eisenstraße.

After they have passed the settlement, the Eisenstrasse runs south-southeast on the Rothaarkamm in the area of ​​the Eder and Sieg watershed and thus also on the Rhine-Weser watershed . It leads past a wet biotope, where more than a dozen ponds have formed near a small tributary of the Eder in small craters that the regional forest office of the Siegen-Wittgenstein district had blasted into the ground for nature conservation in the 1980s Forsthaus Hohenroth next to a 656.4  m high crossing with a coal road , a former coal road . About 100 m southeast of the parking lot located there, from which the coal road leads to the forest house and in the opposite direction to the nearby Eder spring ( 621  m ), the paved section of the road reaches a height of 658.4  m .

A little later, shortly before the Aukopf ( 644.9  m ) , the Eisenstraße leaves the L 722 for about 900 m of its course, in order to lead past the elevation in the southwest. Then it runs as part of the L 722 to the intersection with the L 719 ( 596.2  m ), and shortly afterwards, at the junction of a spur road leading to Großenbach (to Bad Laasphe), you pass the Siegquelle ( 603  m ).

Then the Eisenstraße leads south past the Ilm source over the eastern and southern high elevations of the Grauhain (approx.  638  m ) past the Lahnkopf ( 624.9  m ) to Lahnhof , where next to the street located there at 605.6  m the Lahn spring ( Lahntopf ; approx.  603  m ) is located. Shortly afterwards, the Lahn-Ferien-Straße, which runs along the Lahn, branches off to the east of the Stiegelburg ( 637.8  m ) at an altitude of 607.9  m .

Then the Eisenstraße leaves the L 722 again at a height of 605.7  m , in order to share the eastward route for a part with the Kreisstraße  17 leading from there to Heiligenborn (to Bad Laasphe) . Shortly afterwards, it leaves the K 17 at a parking lot with a trigonometric point at an altitude of 646.8  m and leads as a forest path eastwards and from a 661.9  m high point southeast to the Westphalian - Central Hessian border with a historic boundary stone next to a forest path intersection near a trigonometric point ( 670.9  m ). About 150 m east-northeast of the stone and 120 m south of the summit of the Jagdberg near Netphen ( 675.9  m ), the Eisenstrasse reaches its highest point at a trigonometric point at a height of 673.3  m ; A four-part sign next to it reads: Highest point in the Lahn-Dill district  - 673.1  m above sea level. NN . There it shares the path leading along the aforementioned border with another coal road .

Leaving this coal road, the iron road leads southeast and slightly downhill to the east of the hamlet of Sohl (to Bad Laasphe), where it meets the K 36, which takes you directly north of the Fischelbach ( Sohler Bach ), downstream to the village of Fischelbach (also Bad Laasphe) ) to the east, ending at about 425  m at the junction with the L 718 ( Fischelbacher Straße ). This last section along the district road is called Alte Eisenstraße within the municipality .

Natural allocation

The asphalted section of the Eisenstraße lies within the natural spatial main unit group Süderbergland (No. 33) in the main unit Rothaargebirge (with Hochsauerland) (333): It begins in the northwest on the B 62 near Lützel in the natural area Lützeler Pass (333.13), which belongs to the subunit Wittgensteiner Chamber (333.1) belongs, and runs as part of the L 722 on or along the border of the subunit Dill-Lahn-Eder-Quellgebiet (333.0) with the natural area Ederkopf-Lahnkopf-Ridge in the east to the subunit Südwittgensteiner Bergland (333.2) in the west. The asphalt section ends in the south-east - between the Stiegelburg in the west-north-west and the somewhat distant Netphener Jagdberg in the east-south-east - in the natural area Ederkopf-Lahnkopf-ridge (333.01); and the actual L 722 leads south and down to Hainchen.

mountains

The mountains and elevations on or near the Eisenstrasse include - sorted by height in meters (m) above mean sea level (NHN):

The source of the Ilm on Eisenstrasse in the Rothaar Mountains (summer 2013)
Lahnquelle (Lahntopf) in Lahnhof near the Lahnkopf

Rhine-Weser watershed and flowing waters

A part of the Rhine-Weser watershed runs along the Eisenstrasse, which runs over the ridge of the Rothaargebirge, on which the Eder , Sieg and Lahn springs are located .

The three largest rivers that have their source near the road are viewed in a north-west-south-east direction:

The other rivers that arise near Eisenstrasse on the Rhine-Weser watershed include (sorted by length):

  • Benfe (11.2 km):
    flows mainly northwards to the Eder, into which it flows in Erndtebrück
  • Netphe (10.8 km):
    flows in a westerly direction to Sieg, into which it flows in Netphen
  • Ilse (8.7 km):
    flows in a northerly direction to the Lahn, into which it flows in Feudingen
  • Obernau (6.3 km):
    flows in a south-westerly direction, flows through the Obernautalsperre and flows into the Sieg in Netphen
  • Nauholzbach (3.9 km):
    flows in a south-westerly direction to the Obernautalsperre through which the Obernau flows
  • Sindernbach (3.8 km):
    flows in a westerly direction to Sieg, into which it flows in Walpersdorf
  • Ilm (2 km):
    flows east to Lahn, in the south of them Welschengeheu opens

Localities

Villages on or near Eisenstraße are (viewed in a north-west-south-east direction):

climate

Eisenstrasse at the Siegquelle in the direction of Lahnhof with rough ice on the branches of trees (late autumn 2014)

Because of the height of mostly more than 600  m and the remoteness in the woods, a particularly rough climate can be found in the area of ​​the Eisenstrasse . Winters can last up to six months, often are at the weather station from Forsthaus Hohenroth temperatures measured from below -15 ° C. The summers are usually cool (maximum temperatures up to 25 ° C) and rich in precipitation. The average temperature in the vicinity of the Eisenstraße is around 6 to 7 ° C and the mean annual precipitation in the vicinity of the forester's house is 1500 liters / m². Even with around 200 foggy days per year, the area around the road is one of the harshest and coldest regions in North Rhine-Westphalia.

In December 2014, large parts of the Eisenstrasse were closed due to a snow break caused by extreme rough ice formation of up to 15 cm in length. This was caused by fog that lasted for a few days with a light east wind - especially in the branches of the trees. Hardly any rough ice formed near the ground, as it is much more sheltered from the wind there than at higher altitudes. In places less sheltered from the wind - for example near and in Großenbach  , which is located in an open space - the rough ice lasted significantly longer. Similar events took place simultaneously in the Westerwald , the Ore Mountains and the Swabian Alb .

Protected areas

The asphalted part of the Eisenstraße lies in several protected areas: In the northwest it runs from Lützel through the landscape protection area (LSG) Rothaargebirge ( CDDA -Nr. 386370; designated 1984; 60.4662  km² in size) and reaches the LSG Netphen a little after the Lützel settlement ( CDDA No. 390136; 1985; 11.89074 km²), in which it remains until the end. Near the Lützel settlement , it leads in an area that does not have a LSG through the Rothaarkamm and Wiesentäler nature reserve (CDDA no. 329599; 1930; 8.9236 km²). Near the Grauhain it touches the western tip of the NSG Auerhahnwald (CDDA no. 81326; 1934; 14.46  ha ). The entire area of ​​the asphalt part southwest of the Lützel settlement to the end runs in the fauna-flora-habitat area Rothaarkamm and Wiesentäler (FFH no. 5015-301; 34.4146 km²).

meaning

The Eisenstrasse is an old trade and long-distance route that has been used since prehistoric times. It is part of the Leipzig-Kölner-Messestrasse , which was once important in the High Middle Ages , also known as Brabanter Strasse , because it led to Antwerp . This long-distance trade route led via Erfurt and Marburg to the intersection of old long-distance routes at Angelburg Mountain in the Schelderwald on the long watershed via Siegen to Cologne.

Iron trade was carried out on Eisenstrasse until the High Middle Ages, from pig iron to finished products such as weapons, helmets, armor, scythes, sickles, knives and the like. These products were once made by forest smiths in the upper Dill and Dietzhölze valleys and in the neighboring Siegerland . Hardware production already existed in Celtic times. Culminated in the Brabant Street in Angelburg the Westfalenweg one, the most Dünsberg pass from the Wetterau Coming (Hesse), resulted in the Westphalian space on the Lahn-Dill-watershed. Such old roads ran either on the ridge or parallel to the slope because the valleys were marshy and you wanted to avoid steep ascent at the end of the valley. Oxen were used as draft animals for carts; horses were too valuable.

Several circular ramparts, which are over 2,000 years old and located near the Eisenstrasse, prove that the Eisenstrasse was an important traffic route even during the Celtic settlement of the region. The Alte Burg ramparts, for example , which can be reached from the Hohenroth forest house, are well preserved .

Worth seeing

Victory Source (2014)

Among the attractions on or near the road include iron with height in meters (m) above mean sea level (MSL; alphabetical order):

Traffic and walking

The Eisenstraße is in sections part of the state road  722, which leads from Lützel past its Lützel settlement south-east to Lahnhof and then, away from the former trade and long-distance traffic route, on to Hainchen . These cross near the Siegquelle first the L 720, which branches off from this towards Benfe, and then the L 719 ( Walpersdorf - Volkholz ). Near the von Lahnhof , the L 722 branches off the Lahn-Ferien-Straße, which runs along the Lahn, and a little southeast of it, the Kreisstraße  17 leading to Heiligenborn . From Sohl , the Eisenstraße shares the route with the K 36 leading to Fischelbach .

Between the Lahnhof and the nearby southeast end of the asphalted section of the Eisenstraße, the European long-distance hiking trail E1 runs parallel to it for about 600 m. The Rothaarsteig and Talsperrenweg hiking trails, which also cross in some places, run along the road . The Ederhöhenweg begins near the Eder spring at the Kohlenstraße crossing the Eisenstraße and the Kyrill path there ; it initially leads downwards along the Eder a little east, parallel to the street. The Natursteig Sieg , which should be completed at the end of 2016, will also cross the road.

References and comments

  1. ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q Topographical Information Management, Cologne District Government, Department GEObasis NRW ( notes )
  2. ↑ Length of the asphalted section of Eisenstraße using the Measure distance function on Google Maps
  3. ↑ See Prussian first recording 1836–1850 , can be activated on TIM online.
  4. ↑ The Prussian first recording shows that Sohl could only be reached at that time through a dead end as an extension of the current Alte Eisenstrasse , which is still the main connection to the hamlet today.
  5. ↑ Heinz Fischer: Geographical Land Survey: The natural spatial units on sheet 124 Siegen. Federal Institute for Regional Studies, Bad Godesberg 1972. →  Online map (PDF; 4.1 MB)
  6. ↑ Jägerhain: actually "only" a parcel with a 650.7  m high knoll
  7. ↑ Mean air temperature and total precipitation 1981–2010 ( Memento of the original from February 27, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , accessed on February 27, 2016, on klimaatlas.nrw.de @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.klimaatlas.nrw.de
  8. ↑ Map services of the Federal Agency for Nature Conservation ( information )

Coordinates: 50 ° 55 ′ 7.8 "  N , 8 ° 14 ′ 45.9"  E