Militsch district

Militsch district (1905)

The Militsch district , informally often also called Militsch-Trachenberg district , was a Prussian district in Silesia , which existed from 1742 to 1945 and last had an area of ​​931 km². Its county seat was the city of Militsch . The former district area is now in the Polish Lower Silesian Voivodeship .

Administrative history

After conquering most of Silesia, King Frederick II introduced Prussian administrative structures in Lower Silesia by cabinet order on November 25, 1741 . This included the establishment of two war and domain chambers in Breslau and Glogau as well as their subdivision into districts and the establishment of district administrators on January 1, 1742. The Militsch district , the principality of Trachenberg and the minorities of Freyhan, Neuschloß and Sulau became the district of Militsch- Trachenberg formed. Christoph Sigismund von Lüttwitz was appointed as the first district administrator in the district.

The Militsch-Trachenberg district was initially subject to the Wroclaw War and Domain Chamber . At the end of the 18th century, the part of the name “Trachenberg” was not used in official language. The district of Militsch was assigned to the administrative district of Breslau in the province of Silesia in the course of the Stein-Hardenberg reforms in 1815 . During the district reform of January 1, 1818 in the administrative district of Breslau, the following changes were made to the district boundary:

• The villages of Alexanderwitz, Exau, Groß Strenz, Klein Strenz and Leubel were reclassified from the Militsch district to the Wohlau district .
• The villages of Alt Hammer, Brustawe, Eisenhammer, Ellguth, Groß Lahse, Groß Perschnitz, Kesselsdorff, Klein Lahse, Klein Perschnitz, Liebenthal Linsen, Neuvorwerk and Peterwitz were reclassified from the Trebnitz district to the Militsch district.

Depictions of coats of arms on a monument in Lower Saxony in Springe

In the following years the district was often referred to as Militsch-Trachenberg; the names wavered.

On November 8, 1919, the Free State of Prussia dissolved the Province of Silesia and formed the new Province of Lower Silesia from the administrative districts of Breslau and Liegnitz . After the assignment of territory as a result of the Treaty of Versailles , around 2,000 Poles lived in the province in 1925 among the 106,000 inhabitants of the Militsch, Groß Wartenberg and Namslau districts . On September 30, 1929, a regional reform took place in the Militsch district, as in the rest of Prussia, in which all manor districts were dissolved and assigned to neighboring rural communities. On April 1, 1938, the Prussian provinces of Lower Silesia and Upper Silesia were merged to form the new Province of Silesia. On January 1, 1939, the Militsch district was given the designation Landkreis in accordance with the now unified rule . On January 18, 1941, the province of Silesia was again divided into the provinces of Lower Silesia and Upper Silesia.

In the spring of 1945 the Red Army occupied the district and placed it under the administration of the People's Republic of Poland in accordance with the Potsdam Agreement . This drove the population out of the district and settled it with Poles.

Population development

year	Residents	source
1795	34,457
1819	38,318
1846	52,413
1871	55,802
1885	53,995
1900	48,454
1910	47,679
1925	47,656
1939	47.134

District administrators

1742–1748 00Christoph Sigismund von Lüttwitz

1748–1787 00Ernst Wilhelm von Kessel

1787–1801 00Gottlob Sylvius Wilhelm von Koschembahr

1801–1818 00Sylvius von Frankenberg-Proschlitz

1818–1819 00Ferdinand von Busse ( substitute )

1819–1833 00Ludwig von Richthofen

1833–1834 00von Ehrenberg ( representative )

1834–1861 Carl von Scheliha00

1861–1887 Oskar von Heydebrand and the Lasa00

1887–1895 00Ernst von Heydebrand and the Lasa

1895–1907 Georg von Stosch00

1907–1917 00Siegfried von Grolmann

1917–1918 00Bernhard zu Stolberg-Stolberg ( representative )

1918-1919 Paul Windels00

1919–1934 00Gotthard Hermann Sperling

1934– Hans Friedrich Le Tanneux from Saint Paul000000

Local constitution

The district of Militsch has been divided into the four towns of Militsch, Prausnitz, Sulau and Trachenberg, in rural communities and in manor districts since the 19th century . With the introduction of the Prussian Municipal Constitutional Act of December 15, 1933, there was a uniform municipal constitution for all Prussian municipalities from January 1, 1934. With the introduction of the German Municipal Code of January 30, 1935, a uniform municipal constitution came into force in the German Reich on April 1, 1935, according to which the previous rural municipalities were now referred to as municipalities . A new district constitution was no longer created; The district regulations for the provinces of East and West Prussia, Brandenburg, Pomerania, Silesia and Saxony from March 19, 1881 continued to apply.

Communities

In the 1920s, the Militsch district comprised four towns and 130 rural communities:

Old Hammer-Goschütz Alt Hammer-Militsch Altenau Bearded Beichau Pear trees Bogislawitz Borsinowe Borzenine Breschine-Freyhan Breschine-Sulau Breslawitz Brustawe Buckolowe Dambitsch Dammer German Damno Dobrtowitz Donkawe Duchowe Iron hammer Frankenthal Freyhan Fürstenau Goidinowe Goitke-Neudorf Gollkowe Gontkowitz Grabofke Grabofnitze Grebline Large barges Gross Glieschwitz Groß Kaschütz

Great Lahse Groß Ossig Great Perschnitz Great Tschunkawe Great Tworsimirke Gugelwitz Guhre Hammer Sulau Hammer-Trachenberg Hedwigsthal Heathen Heinrichsdorf Herrmenau Herrnkaschütz Jantkawe Yes Kanterwitz Karbitz Carmine Kasawe Kendzie Kesselsdorf Small barges Klein Ellguth Small slides Little Lahse Klein Ossig Klein Perschnitz Klein Peterwitz Little Tschunkawe Kodlewe Kollande Koernitz Corsence

Kraschnitz Kuschwitz Labschütz or Zerra Ladziza Lauskowe Liatkawe Lilienthal Lilikowe lenses Lunke Marentschine Melochwitz Militsch , city Mislawitz Nesigode Nettle joke New Barnitz Neudorf-Sulau New castle Neuvorwerk Lower Wiesenthal Upper Tworsimirke Ober Wiesenthal Ollsche Paradawe Peadauschke Peterkaschütz Pinkotschine Podash Pomorske Postel Powitzko Prausnitz , city Protsch

Przittkowitz Rackelsdorf Radziunz Rogosawe Sandrashiitz Sayne Schlabitz Schlabotschine Schlenz Schmiegrode Swivel machine Schwiebedawe Steffitz Strebitzko Sulau , city Trachenberg , city Chott sweat Ujast Wallkawe Wangersinawe Wanglewe Weaky Wembowitz Wensewitz Wiersebenne Wild Wilhelminenort Willkowe Wirschkowitz Wolf break Brick barn Zwornogoschütz

The uninhabited forestry district Donnerswalde also belonged to the district.

Incorporation until 1939

Birkweiler, on April 1, 1937 in Donkawe Borsinowe, on April 1, 1936 in Wilhelminenort Bratschelhof, on April 1, 1929 in Podasch Dammer, on April 1, 1937 in Kraschnitz Deutschwalde, on April 1, 1938 in Hellefeld Erlgrund, on April 1, 1937 at Konradshöh Frankenthal, on April 1, 1937 in Mühlhagen Freyhan, Castle, on September 30, 1928 in Freyhan Fürstenau, on April 1, 1938 in Dirschken Groß Bargen, to Bargen on April 1, 1937 Groß Lahse, to Lahse on April 1, 1936 Groß Perschnitz, on April 1, 1937 in Perschnitz Grünweiler, on April 1, 1938 in Hellefeld Gürkwitz, in 1922 in Prausnitz Gutfelde, in Urdorf on April 1, 1939 Gutweide, on April 1, 1939 in Urdorf Hammer-Kraschnitz, on November 25, 1926 in Kraschnitz Heidchen, on April 1, 1937 in Eindorf Jantkawe, on April 1, 1937 in Eichdorf Joachimshammer, in Podasch on April 1, 1929 Karmine, at Postel on April 1, 1937

Klein Bargen, moved to Bargen on April 1, 1937 Klein Ellguth, on April 1, 1938 in Klein Peterwitz Klein Lahse, in Lahse on April 1, 1936 Klein Ossig, on April 1, 1938 in Dirschken Klein Perschnitz, on April 1, 1937 in Perschnitz Körnitz, on April 1, 1937 in Beichau Kurzbach, on April 1, 1938 in Dirschken Lilienthal, on April 1, 1937 in Eichdorf Militsch, Schloß, on July 1, 1929 at Militsch Neufelde, on April 1, 1938 in Lachmannshofen Neuvorwerk, on April 1, 1938 in Hellefeld Nieder Wiesenthal, on April 1, 1937 in Wiesenthal Ober Wiesenthal, on April 1, 1937 in Wiesenthal Peadauschke to Freyhan on April 1, 1937 Rackelsdorf, on April 1, 1938 in Altenau Rogosawe, to Bargen on April 1, 1937 Schlenz, on April 1, 1938 in Neudorf-Sulau Wensewitz, on April 1, 1937 in Hochrode Wiesengrund, on April 1, 1937 in Kanterwitz Wilhelminenort, on April 1, 1938 in Heinrichsdorf Willkowe, on November 11, 1936 at Wolfsbruch

Place names

In the interwar period , especially in 1936 and 1937, a large number of parishes in the Militsch district were renamed:

Alt Hammer-Goschütz → Heinrichshütte Bogislawitz → Altmühlgrund Borzenine → Bornfelde Breschine-Freyhan → Grünweiler Breschine-Sulau → Birkweiler Breslawitz → Burgwall Brustawe → Eichensee Buckolowe → Kurzbach Dambitsch → Ritterhof German Damno → Deutschteich Dobrtowitz → Gutfelde Donkawe → free hooves Duchawe → vineyards Goidinowe → Amwald Goitke-Neudorf → Adriansdorf Gollkowe → German Defense Gontkowitz → Schönkirch Grabofke → Buchenhagen Grabofnitze → Buchendorf Grebline → Langendamm Groß Glieschwitz → Freyersdorf Groß Kaschütz → Scholzhofen Groß Ossig → Dirschken Groß Tschunkawe → Preussental

Groß Tworsimirke → Eichdorf Guhre → Konradshöh Herrnkaschütz → Herrnhofen Yes → Erlgrund Karbitz → Eindorf Kasawe → Thomasort Kendzie → Grüntal Klein Krutschen → Gebhard Klein Ossig → Klein Dirschken Klein Tschunkawe → Prussia field Kodlewe → Langhausen Kuschwitz → Hellefeld Ladziza → meadow ground Lahse → Mittenwald Lauskowe → Waldhöh Liatkawe → Laubendorf Lilikowe → Lilienthal Marentschine → Mansdorf Melochwitz → Mühlhagen Mislawitz → Schwertfelde Nesigode → Jagdhausen Upper Tworsimirke → Lindental Ollsche → Erlendorf Paradawe → Neufelde

Peterkaschütz → Lachmannshofen Pinkotschine → Neuwalde Pomorske → Forest rest Powitzko → Urdorf Protsch → pine forest Przittkowitz → Gutweide Radziunz → Radungen Sandraschütz → Deutschwalde Sayne → Seidorf Schlabitz → Rudolfsdorf Schlabotschine → Grunewald Schwentroschine → Waldheide Schwiebedawe → Frankenberg Strebitzko → Hochrode Tschotschwitz → Brandtal Ujast → Kreisau Wallkawe → walking Wangersinawe → Wenkendorf Wanglewe → Meilershof Wembowitz → Friedrichshöh Wiersebenne → Weidendorf Wirschkowitz → Hochweiler Zwornogoschütz → Hohenwarte

literature

• OL Goedsche: History and statistics of the Militsch-Trachenberger circle . FW Lachmann, Militsch 1847 ( digitized version ).
• Gustav Neumann : Geography of the Prussian State. 2nd Edition. Volume 2. Berlin 1874, p. 188, item 1.
• Royal Statistical Bureau: The municipalities and manors of the Province of Silesia and their people. Based on the original materials of the general census of December 1, 1871. Berlin 1874, pp. 38–49 ( facsimile in the Google book search).
• M. Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. (online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006)

Web links

Commons : Landkreis Militsch  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

• Militsch district. genealogienetz.de
• Genealogical documents and personal data on the Militsch district. Militsch.de

Individual evidence

1. ^ Roland Gehrke: State Parliament and the Public: Provincial Parliamentarism in Silesia 1825-1845 . Böhlau Verlag, Cologne 2009, ISBN 978-3-412-20413-6 , pp. 45 ( partially digitized ).
2. ^ Monuments of the Prussian State Administration in the 18th century . Files from May 31, 1740 to the end of 1745. In: Royal Academy of Sciences (Ed.): Acta Borussica . tape 6.2 . Paul Parey, Berlin 1901, Royal Order for the appointment of district administrators in Lower Silesia , p. 259 ( Textarchiv - Internet Archive ).
3. ^ Description of the Militsch-Trachenberg district from 1792
4. ^ WFC Starke: Contributions to the knowledge of the existing court system and the latest results of the administration of justice in the Prussian state . Carl Heymann, Berlin 1839, District division of the Prussian Duchy of Silesia in the 18th century, p. 290 ( Textarchiv - Internet Archive ).
5. ↑ ^{a b c d e} Rolf Straubel : Biographical manual of the Prussian administrative and judicial officials 1740–1806 / 15 . In: Historical Commission to Berlin (Ed.): Individual publications . 85. KG Saur Verlag, Munich 2009, ISBN 978-3-598-23229-9 .
6. ^ Ordinance on the division of the Prussian state according to its new delimitation . 1815 ( digitized ).
7. ^ Official Journal of the Royal Government of Breslau 1817, No. XLV . New division and demarcation of the circles in the Breslau government department of October 31, 1817. Breslau, p. 476 ff . ( Text archive - Internet Archive ).
8. ↑ Georg Hassel: Statistical outline of all European states . The statistical view and special statistics of Central Europe. Vieweg, Braunschweig 1805, p. 37 ( digitized version ).
9. ^ Statistisches Bureau zu Berlin (Ed.): Contributions to the statistics of the Prussian state . Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 1821, Silesia, p. 86 ( digitized version ).
10. ↑ Royal Statistical Bureau (ed.): Mittheilungen des Statistisches Bureau's in Berlin, Volume 2 . Population of the districts. ( Digitized version ).
11. ^ The municipalities and manor districts of the Prussian state and their population 1871
12. ^ Community encyclopedia for the province of Silesia 1885
13. ↑ ^{a b c} gemeindeververzeichnis.de
14. ↑ ^{a b c d} Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. militsch.html. (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006). 
15. ↑ ^{a b} Landkreis Militsch administrative history and district list on territorial.de (Rolf Jehke), as of July 27, 2013.