Barkowo (Żmigród)

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Barkowo (Schulzenamt)
Barkowo (Schulzenamt) does not have a coat of arms
Barkowo (Schulzenamt) (Poland)
Barkowo (Schulzenamt)
Barkowo (Schulzenamt)
Basic data
State : Poland
Voivodeship : Lower Silesia
Powiat : Trzebnica
Gmina : Żmigród
Area : 14  km²
Geographic location : 51 ° 29 '  N , 16 ° 48'  E Coordinates: 51 ° 28 '36 "  N , 16 ° 47' 54"  E
Height : 89 m npm
Residents : 622 (March 31, 2011)
Postal code : 55-140
Telephone code : (+48) 71
License plate : DTR
Administration (as of January 1, 2019)
Mayor : Jan Owczarek



Barkowo ( German  Groß Bargen or Bargen ) denotes a Sołectwo (German Schulzenamt ) and an associated village , which are part of the municipality Żmigród in the Trzebnica district in the Polish Voivodeship of Lower Silesia . Barkowo is also the name of a Roman Catholic parish in the Prusice deanery of the Archdiocese of Wroclaw . Barkowo lies at an altitude of 89 meters above sea level south of the river Barycz (German Bartsch ) in the Kotlina Żmigrodzka (German Trachenberg basin ).

In the 11th and 12th centuries, Barkowo was part of the Kingdom of Poland . From the 14th century it belonged to the Bohemian Crown and thus to the Holy Roman Empire as part of changing Silesian duchies and the later Free State of Trachenberg . In 1335 the village Barkowo was first mentioned as the seat of a church . With the First Silesian War (1740–1742) Barkowo came together with large parts of Silesia into Prussian possession and belonged to the German Empire from 1871 to 1945 . With the Potsdam Agreement , Barkowo and the Silesia region were placed under Polish administration and have officially been part of the Republic of Poland since 1991 .

Nowadays the preserved monuments and the local history of Barkowo exemplify the eventful past of the Silesia region . In 2011 the Barkowo Schulzenamt had 622 inhabitants and the Barkowo parish had around 2000 members.

geography

location

The Sołectwo Barkowo (German Schulzenamt Groß Bargen ) belongs to the municipality Żmigród (German Trachenberg ) in the district of Trzebnica in the Polish Voivodeship of Lower Silesia . The Schulzenamt is located at an altitude of 89 meters above sea level south of the river Barycz (German Bartsch ) in the Kotlina Żmigrodzka (German Trachenberg Basin ). In the north it borders on the largest landscape protection park in Poland, Dolina Baryczy (German Bartschtal ), which runs along the Barycz in the Kotlina Żmigrodzka and Milicka. The area extends over an area of ​​870.4 km² and above all offers a habitat for numerous bird species. In the north, east and southeast of the Schulz Office Barkowo the Schulz offices borders Kedzie (dt. Kendzie ) Bychowo (dt. Beichau ) and Łapczyce (dt. Labschütz ) of the municipality Żmigród respectively on. In addition, the Raszowice Schulzenamt (German: Raschewitz ) joins the Prusice community in the south and the Góra and Wołów districts in the west . Żmigród is the closest town and is about 8 km away to the east.

Structure of the Schulzenamt and the parish

Structure of the parish and the Schulzenamt Barkowo.

The Schulzenamt Barkowo is about 14 km² and includes six places. These include the village of Barkowo (German: Groß Bargen ) and the hamlets of Barkówko (German: Klein Bargen ), Góreczki (German: Berghof ), Rogożowa (German: Rogosawe ), Szydłów (German: Schiedlawe ) and Wierzbina (German: Wiersebenne ). The village of Barkowo and the hamlets of Góreczki, Rogożowa are in the immediate vicinity in the center of the Schulzenamt. The hamlets of Wierzbina, Barkówko and Szydłów are located in the west, east and south of the Schulzenamt.

Furthermore, Barkowo designates a Roman Catholic parish in the Deanery Prusice of the Archdiocese of Wroclaw . This district includes all settlements in the Schulzenamt Barkowo as well as eleven other places. These are located in the municipality of Żmigród and Prusice in the Trzebnica district and in the municipalities of Wąsosz and Wińsko in the Góra and Wołów districts.

Places within the Schulzenamt and the Roman Catholic parish of Barkowo
Schulzenamt Parish
  • Barkówko (German small barges )
  • Aleksandrowice (German Alexanderwitz )
  • Kliszkowice Małe (German Klein Glieschwitz )
  • Barkowo (German Great Barges )
  • Barkówko (German small barges )
  • Łapczyce (dt. Labschütz )
  • Góreczki (German Berghof )
  • Barkowo (German Great Barges )
  • Lubiel (German Leubel )
  • Rogożowa (German Rogosawe )
  • Białawy Małe (German Little Baulwie )
  • Raszowice (German Raschewitz )
  • Szydłów (German: Schiedlawe )
  • Białawy Wielkie (German: Groß Baulwie )
  • Rogożowa (German Rogosawe )
  • Wierzbina (German Wiersebenne )
  • Czaple (German Tschipkei )
  • Szydłów (German: Schiedlawe )
  • Góreczki (German Berghof )
  • Węglewo (Eng. Wanglewe )
  • Kędzie (Eng. Kendzie )
  • Wierzbina (German Wiersebenne )

Geology, soils and waters

The Schulzenamt Barkowo is located 89 meters above sea level south of the Barycz River in the Kotlina Żmigrodzka ( Trachenberg Basin ). The basin is bounded by the Wysoczyzna Kaliska (German: Kalischer Hochland ) in the north and the Wzgórza Trzebnickie (German: Katzengebirge ) in the south. The basin was probably formed at the end of the Saale glaciation and was formed by the meltwater from the surrounding glaciers . Accordingly, there are sand and gravel deposits in the subsoil of the Schulzenamt, particularly from the Pleistocene geological age . Furthermore, three types of soil dominate in the Schulzenamt, bleaching earth and the marsh in the south and black earth in the north.

The Schulzenamt is traversed by the brooks Krępa (German Krumpach ), Strupinski Rów (German Stroppener Landgraben ) and Graniczna Woda (German Grenz- Daben ), all of which arise in Wzgórza Trzebnickie. The Strupinski Rów flows into the Graniczna Woda and together both form part of the western border of the Schulzenamt. The Graniczna Woda finally flows over the Łacha (dt. Lache-Graben ) near the village Płoski (dt. Pluskau ) into the Barycz . The Krępa runs to the east of the Schulzenamt and flows directly into the Barycz in the Kędzie area .

climate

The Schulzenamt Barkowo lies within the cool, temperate climate zone and is characterized by the maritime climate , which, according to Köppen and Geiger, corresponds to the CFB climate . The weather is mainly determined by polar air masses originating in the Atlantic and Northern Europe. The average annual rainfall in Barkovo is 534 mm. February is the driest month with an average rainfall of 24 mm and July has the most rainfall with 78 mm. The annual average temperature is 8.5 ° C. The warmest month is July with an average temperature of 18.3 ° C. In January, the coldest month, the average temperature is -2.9 ° C.

Average monthly temperatures and rainfall in Barkowo
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
Max. Temperature ( ° C ) 0.1 2.1 7.8 13.9 18.9 22.2 23.9 23.5 19.3 13.9 7.0 2.2 O 13
Min. Temperature (° C) −5.9 −4.5 −0.3 3.6 7.7 11.1 12.7 12.3 9.2 5.2 1.1 −3.2 O 4.1
Temperature (° C) −2.9 −1.2 3.7 8.7 13.3 16.6 18.3 17.9 14.2 9.5 4.0 −0.5 O 8.5
Precipitation ( mm ) 26.0 24.0 27.0 37.0 57.0 66.0 78.0 67.0 45.0 37.0 36.0 34.0 Σ 534
T
e
m
p
e
r
a
t
u
r
0.1
−5.9
2.1
−4.5
7.8
−0.3
13.9
3.6
18.9
7.7
22.2
11.1
23.9
12.7
23.5
12.3
19.3
9.2
13.9
5.2
7.0
1.1
2.2
−3.2
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
N
i
e
d
e
r
s
c
h
l
a
g 		26.0
24.0
27.0
37.0
57.0
66.0
78.0
67.0
45.0
37.0
36.0
34.0
  Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
Source: AmbiWeb GmbH

Protected area

The Dolina Baryczy Landscape Park.

In the north-west of the Barkowo Schulzenamt, Poland's largest landscape protection park extends over an area of ​​870.4 km² . It is called Dolina Baryczy ( Bartschtal ) and is an IUCN Category V protected area . The park was founded on June 3, 1996 and is part of the European network of protected areas Natura 2000 . The park includes meadows, forests and artificial ponds along the flow course of the Barycz (dt. Bartsch ) through the counties Trzebnica , Milicz and Ostrow . The area offers a habitat for around 240 species of birds and is inhabited by 14 species of plants and animals, which, according to Annex II of the Habitats Directive, are particularly in need of protection in the EU. These include, for example, the great oak buck ( Cerambyx cerdo ) and the hermit ( Osmoderma eremita ).

history

First settlement and mention

The first documented settlements in the Schulzenamt Barkowo (German: Groß Bargen ) date from the Bronze and Iron Ages and were inhabited by supporters of the Lusatian and Przeworsk cultures . From the 11th century, the places of today's Schulzenamt were in the Kingdom of Poland , which was ruled by the Piast dynasty and comprised large parts of today's Poland . A century later, the kingdom split into the Duchy of Silesia , among other things , which shortly afterwards split up into individual independent duchies . The Schulzenamt was now in the Duchy of Glogau and from 1312 in the Duchy of Oels , which had emerged from the Duchy of Glogau through an inheritance division. In 1335 the village Barkowo and the Church of St. Martin were first mentioned in an entry in the December register (tax list) of the papal ambassador Galhard de Carceribus.

As part of the Bohemian Crown

Location of the village of Groß Bargen in the free state rule of Trachenberg (1745).

Between the 14th century and 1742 the places of the Schulzenamt belonged to the countries of the Bohemian Crown as part of the Silesian Duchy of Oels and the later free class rule of Trachenberg . These were ruled by the Habsburg dynasty at the beginning of the 16th century . The Free Standesherrschaft Trachenberg originated in 1492 from areas around the city ​​of Trachenberg in the Duchy of Oels and included, among other things, all places of today's Schulzenamt except for Schiedlawe. It was initially owned by the Kurzbach and Schaffgotsch families, and from 1641 it belonged to the Hatzfeld (t) family of Catholic nobles . With the Reformation , large parts of the population of Lower Silesia joined Protestantism and the Protestant community in the Trachenberg area occupied the church in Groß Bargen, among other things. However, it became Catholic again in 1654 as part of the Counter Reformation .

Under Prussian rule

Location of the districts of Militsch, Trebnitz in the administrative district of Breslau (1905).

As a result of the First Silesian War (1740–1742) and the pre-peace treaty of Breslau (1742), the Kingdom of Prussia gained control over the places of today's Schulzenamt. The religious freedom granted by the Prussians led to the construction of numerous Protestant church buildings in Silesia in the following years. A Protestant church was also built in the village of Groß Bargen, which was built in 1742 as a temporary building in the form of a prayer house and made of stone in 1829. Both the Protestant and Roman Catholic churches of Groß Bargen formed the center of a parish until the end of the Second World War. With the Congress of Vienna in 1815, the province of Silesia was established . The places Groß Bargen, Berghof, Rogosawe, Wiersebenne and Klein Bargen were incorporated into the district of Militsch and the place Schiedlawe into the district of Trebnitz in the administrative district of Breslau . The places Groß Bargen with Berghof, Raschewitz with Schiedlawe, Rogosawe, Wiersebenne and Klein Bargen each formed a rural municipality . In addition, the manors of Klein Bargen, Rogosawe and Wiersebenne formed an estate district .

From 1871 to 1945 the places of today's Schulzenamt belonged to the German Empire together with the province of Silesia . After the introduction of the district order of 1872 , the districts of the Prussian provinces were divided into individual administrative districts. It assigned Schiedlawe as part of the municipality of Raschewitz to the administrative district of Schmarck-Ellguth in the district of Trebnitz. The remaining places of today's Schulzenamt came to the Beichau district in the Militsch district. In 1886 the railway line between Trachenberg (pl. Żmigród ) and Herrnstadt (pl. Wąsosz ) was completed and a stop was set up in Rogosawe and Klein Bargen. In 1935 the places Schiedlawe and Wiersebenne were given the new names Korngut and Weidendorf respectively. In April 1937, the municipality of Bargen was created through the merging of the municipalities of Groß Bargen, Klein Bargen and Rogosawe. Shortly before the outbreak of the Second World War, the municipality of Bargen had an area of ​​approx. 13 km² and was administered by the mayor Emil Seidel.

After the Second World War

In the spring of 1945 the province of Silesia was taken by the Soviet army and then placed east of the Oder / Neisse under the Potsdam Agreement under Polish administration. In November 1946, the places of today's Schulzenamt officially received their Polish name and were assigned to the municipality Żmigród in the Milicz district. In 1954 an administrative reform took place in which the Gmina (German municipality ) was replaced by the Gromada (German pile ) as an administrative unit. This created the Gromada Barkowo, which included the village of Barkowo and the surrounding hamlets. Administrative reforms took place again in the early 1970s. These included the reintroduction of the Gmina instead of the Gromada as well as the abolition of all Powiate (German districts ) in favor of a higher number of voivodships . The Gromada Barkowo was dissolved and the places of the municipality Gemeindemigród in the Wroclaw Voivodeship were added.

In 1989 the third Republic of Poland was founded and in 1991, with the entry into force of the Two-Plus-Four Treaty, the western border of Poland along the Oder and Neisse regions was recognized by Germany . In 1999 the Polish government reformed the administrative structure and restored the powiate among other things . Since then, the Sołectwo Barkowo (German Schulzenamt Groß Bargen ) has existed and is part of the municipality Żmigród within the Trzebnica district of the Polish Lower Silesian Voivodeship .

Place names

The six places of the Schulzenamt had different names during their history.

The first written mention of the place Barkowo in 1335 took place under the name Barchow. This name probably goes back to the local founder Barchow / Barkow. Under the Prussian rule, the place had the designation (Wielki) Barkowo and Groß Bargen, the latter becoming the official place name. The prefix large was used to distinguish it from the neighboring settlement of Klein Bargen. After the Second World War, the place was finally given the name Barkowo, which still exists today.

The places Barkówko, Góreczki, Rogożowa, Szydłów and Wierzbina were named Klein Bargen, Berghof, Rogosawe / Rogosowe, Schi (e) dlawe and Wi (e) rseben (n) e under Prussian rule. The names Rogosawe and Wiersebenne are derived from the Slavic words Rogoz (dt. Rush, reed ) and Wierzba (dt. Willow ) and Schiedlawe stands for a bird net. With the introduction of the German municipal code in 1935, the places Schiedlawe and Wiersebenne were renamed Korngut and Weidendorf. Furthermore, in April 1937 the towns of Groß Bargen, Klein Bargen and Rogosawe merged to form the municipality of Bargen. After 1945, the places were finally given the Polish names that still exist today.

population

Population development

In general, it can be seen that the number of inhabitants in every place of the Schulzenamt reached its maximum in the second half of the 19th century and then continuously decreased until the present day. In 1792 a total of 764 people lived in the area of ​​today's Schulzenamt and then the population rose to 1113 in 1867. This corresponds to an increase of 45.7%. In the following years the population in the Schulzenamt steadily decreased and was 883 before the outbreak of World War II. In 2011 the Schulzenamt Barkowo recorded 622 residents and had a population density of 44.43 inhabitants / km².

The development of the population of Barkowo in the 18th to 20th centuries was significantly influenced by various significant events in the Silesian region . These include the Silesian Wars in the middle of the 18th century. These claimed high casualties among the Silesian civilian population, so that after the end of the war, people were specifically settled in the Silesian region. Another important event is the industrial revolution at the end of the 19th century and the resulting migration of people to the cities. Finally, the resettlement of Poles and the expulsion of the Germans after the end of the Second World War led to major changes in the population of Silesia.

Number of inhabitants in the places of the Schulzenamt Barkowo
between 1792 and 2011
year Number of inhabitants Total number
Size Barges Berghof Rogosawe Kl. Bargen Schiedlawe Wiersebenne
1792 306 155 162 - 141 764
1830 331 155 215 - 140 841
1846 400 140 232 59 132 963
1867 512 138 246 77 140 1113
December 1, 1885 404 54 168 * 218 * 60 94 * 998
December 2, 1895 352 72 137 * 210 * 53 106 * 930
December 1, 1905 332 47 145 * 228 * 53 86 * 891
May 17, 1939 352 78 113 194 50 96 883
December 31, 2004 412 134 21st 71 638
December 31, 2011 374 248 622

* Rural parish and manor district

Language and religion

The Church of St. Martin from the west

In 1905, the majority of the places where today's Schulzenamt is located had German as their mother tongue . In detail, the locals used the German dialect Silesian-Neiderland , which was widespread in the north of Lower Silesia . Furthermore, between the beginning of the 19th century and the middle of the 20th century, the majority of the residents of the places of today's Schulzenamt belonged to the Protestant church . Rogożowa is an exception because in 1830 and 1846 it was mostly populated by Catholics.

After the Potsdam Agreement in August 1945, the province of Silesia was placed under Polish administration and, above all, Polish citizens were resettled in Silesia in the following two years. These came from the area of ​​what is now western Ukraine and what is now central Poland . At the same time, the German population was forced to resettle in Silesia. As a result, from the late 1940s onwards, the majority of the population in Upper and Lower Silesia had Polish as their mother tongue and belonged to the Roman Catholic Church . Furthermore, as a result of these changes, the Protestant churches and institutions in Silesia were given up or taken over by the Catholic parishes . The described effects also affected the village of Barkowo, whose Protestant church now belongs to the Catholic community and whose Protestant cemetery has been abandoned. In this context, it is also noteworthy that the Catholic Church was placed under monument protection as early as 1969 and the former Evangelical Church only received this status in 2013.

In 2013, 82.3%, 1.4% and 0.34% of residents in the Lower Silesian Voivodeship identified themselves as devout supporters of the Roman Catholic , Orthodox and Evangelical Churches, respectively. In addition, 0.17% of the people in the Lower Silesian Voivodeship felt that they were German in 2011 . Furthermore, the Roman Catholic parish of Barkowo had a total of 2006 members in 2010.

Religious affiliation of the inhabitants in the places of the Schulzenamt Barkowo
between 1830 and 1905
year Share of believers (Protestant / Catholic Church) [%] Total share [%]
Barkovo Góreczki Rogożowa Barkówko Szydłów Wierzbina
1830 55.3 / 44.7 46.5 / 53.5 87.9 / 12.1 96.3 / 3.7 + 90.7 / 9.3 76.2 / 23.8
1846 59.5 / 40.5 40.7 / 59.3 85.3 / 14.7 93.2 / 6.8 97.0 / 3.0 70.2 / 29.8
1867 68.8 / 31.2 53.6 / 46.4 80.5 / 19.5 79.2 / 20.8 90.0 / 10.0 72.9 / 27.1
December 1, 1885 64.4 / 35.6 59.5 / 40.5 * 83.0 / 17.0 * 90.7 / 9.3 * + 86.2 / 13.8 * 75.8 / 24.2
December 2, 1895 59.0 / 39.9 63.5 / 36.5 * 76.2 / 23.8 * 89.8 / 10.2 * + 86.8 / 13.2 * 73.4 / 26.2
December 1, 1905 62.5 / 37.5 57.9 / 42.1 * 75.4 / 26.4 * 85.0 / 15.0 * + 70.9 / 29.1 * 71.4 / 28.6

* Rural parish and manor district ; + Raschewitz (no separate numbers for Schiedlawe, district of Raschewitz)

politics

Schulzenamt

Official sign of the Sołty.

The Sołectwo (German Schulzenamt ) Barkowo is administered by the Sołtys (German Schultheiß ) and a five-member Rada Sołecka (German village council ). The last election of the two offices took place between January 14 and February 4, 2015. Jan Owczarek was confirmed as mayor and the citizens Halina Poprawa, Bogdan Mejor, Bogusław Brusiło and Andrzej Kwasigroch were elected to the village council. The seat of the mayor is in Rogożowa (German: Rogosawe ) and is marked by a red plaque with the inscription Sołtys - Sołectwo Barkowo .

Parish

Pastor Mariusz Grzesiowski has been running the Roman Catholic parish of Barkowo since 2010 and is based in the former Catholic school in the village of Barkowo. The parish has three churches, the parish church of St. Martin in Barkowo and the branch churches for the Nativity of the Virgin in Białawy Małe, St. Anthony in Barkowo. The municipality also has two cemeteries in Barkowo and Białawy Małe.

coat of arms

Neither the Schulzenamt Barkowo nor the places within it have so far had a coat of arms.

Economy and Infrastructure

economy

Train on the test site of the Instytut Kolejnictwa (German Railway Institute )

The agriculture is the main economic branch of the Schulz office is. Here are several smaller farms as well as a medium-sized factory farm Góreczki (dt. Berghof ). In addition, two research institutions near the town of Barkówko (German: Klein Bargen ) offer jobs in the service sector. The branch of the Instytut Badawczy Dróg i Mostów (German Research Institute for Roads and Bridges ) evaluates materials for railway bridges and for the underground of railway lines in particular . The branch of the Warsaw Instytut Kolejnictwa (German Railway Institute ) operates an approximately 8 km long ring-shaped test track on which, among other things, the resilience and safety of trains is examined.

The Tourism contrast, plays a minor role for the economic strength, as the mayor's office and the municipality Żmigród (dt. Trachenberg ) has only a very small number of accommodation and tourist services. On the other hand, two bicycle routes (red, black markings) and a hiking trail (green markings) cross the Schulzenamt and there are tourist cooperations with neighboring communities. These seem to be primarily geared towards domestic tourism, as the associated internet presentations and publications are all in Polish. The “black” cycle path runs on a circular route within the municipality of Żmigród and the “red” cycle route crosses the entire district of Trzebnica in a loop. The "green" trail stretches between the towns of Rusko in district Środa (dt. Neumarkt ) and Uraz district Trzebnica. This path addresses, among other things, the churches, the construction of which the Trachenberg noble family Hatzfeldt supported financially.

traffic

In the village of Barkowo, a total of four paved district roads with the numbers 1274D, 1323D, 1324D and 1325D cross. County road 1274D runs from east to west and connects the town of Żmigród with the village of Wińsko ( Tiny ). The district roads 1323D, 1324D and 1325D run along the north-south axis and connect Barkowo with the villages of Kędzie (German Kendzie ) in the north, Turzany (German Exau ) and Raszowice (German Raschewitz ) in the south. In Żmigród, there is also an access road to national road 5 , which runs from the town of Świecie ( Schwetz an der Weichsel ) in northern Poland to the Czech border. Large parts of the state road are to be expanded as the S5 expressway by 2019.

In addition, the Schulzenamt is served by a private bus company and a school bus. The bus line runs between the towns of Żmigród and Wołów (German Wohlau ) and has a bus stop in Barkowo and Barkówko. The school bus runs through the entire municipality of Żmigród . It enables schoolchildren to be transported between the locations of the Schulzenamt and the primary school in Barkowo or secondary schools in Żmigród. In addition, Rogożowa (dt. Rogosawe ) and Barkówko owned a station on a single-track railway line , which ran from Żmigród to Wąsosz (dt. Herrnstadt ) and was operated until 1960. The station buildings of the stations have been preserved to this day.

Education, Safety and Health

In the center of the village of Barkowo there is a branch of the Żmigród library and a guard of the Barkowo volunteer fire brigade . Also located in the west of the village Barkowo a branch of the state-owned medical center Publiczny Zespół Zakładów Lecznictwa Ambulatoryjnego (dt. (PZZLA) public community outpatient treatment ), which offers a basic outpatient medical care.

Furthermore, in the east of the village of Barkowo, the state primary school Janusz Korczak is located . It was founded in 1946 and is named after the pseudonym of the Polish pediatrician Henryk Goldszmit . The school building consists of a new building from 1999 and an old building that was built as a Protestant school in the 19th century. Nowadays there is a gym in the older part of the building and eight classrooms in the new building. The school also has a kindergarten and has had a multi-purpose sports field in the outdoor area since 2015. In the 2015/16 school year, the facility looked after a total of 143 children from the surrounding areas, some of whom were brought by bus.

media

The monthly newspaper Wiadomości Żmigrodzkie (German Trachenberger Nachrichten ) and the weekly newspaper NOWa Gazeta Trzebnicka (German New Newspaper Trebnitz ) serve the local reporting in the Schulzenamt Barkowo.

Culture and sights

Map of Barkowo and the surrounding area

There are numerous art-historical buildings within the Barkowo Schulzenamt. These include in particular two school and train station buildings , the remains of three former manors , two churches and cemeteries and the remains of two settlements from the Bronze and Iron Ages . The two churches and the two archaeological sites are officially registered as monuments . In the following, the buildings of the Schulzenamt that are important in terms of art history are described in more detail.

Secular buildings

Within the village of Barkowo there are two former school buildings that were built in the 19th century as a Catholic and Protestant school . The former Catholic educational establishment is located in the vicinity of the Church of St. Martin and is an exposed brick building with a gable roof . The building has corner stone blocks as facade decoration and now houses the seat of the Roman Catholic parish of Barkowo. The Protestant school building next to the St. Antonius Church is a plastered brick building with a gable roof. Nowadays it serves as the gymnasium of the elementary school in Barkowo.

Furthermore, there are two former station buildings in the hamlets of Rogożowa (German Rogosawe ) and Barkówko (German Klein Bargen ) , which were built from bricks between 1905 and 1910. Both stations were on the 24.5 km long single-track railway line Żmigród (German Trachenberg ) - Wąsosz (German Herrnstadt ). Between 1883 and 1886 this line was built by the Oberschlesische Eisenbahn AG and was used for passenger and freight traffic until 1960. Nowadays the station buildings are used as residential buildings.

In addition, the remains of four former manors lie in the Barkowo Schulzenamt . The Freigut Berghof in Góreczki was built by Karl Seidel in 1843 and since then belonged to the family for Seidel. In 1930 it covered an area of ​​178 hectares. Several buildings of the manor are still preserved today, including a granary from 1899 and a cowshed and a barn from the 20th century. The manor house of the manor, however, no longer exists. The Rogosawe manor in the village of the same name had been owned by the Viebig / Müller families since 1872 and had an area of ​​149 hectares in 1930. A residential building from 1920, a barn and a farm building from the 19th century are still there as remains of the manor. The manor house no longer exists. The Klein Bargen manor is located in the center of Barkówko. It belonged to the noble family Hatzfeldt from Trachenberg and had an area of ​​392 hectares in 1930. Parts of the estate have been preserved to this day, including a cattle shed from 1898, two granaries and a house from the 19th century. The Wiersebenne estate was owned by the Pourtalès family and in 1930 had an area of ​​73 hectares. Nowadays there are no remains of the estate apart from a barn. Between 1949 and 1991, the Berghof and Rogosawe estates were owned by the state as the so-called Państwowe gospodarstwo rolne (PGR) (German state farm , see People's own estate in the GDR ).

Churches

The house of prayer in Groß Bargen, drawn by FB Werner around 1745.
St. Antonius Church from the south.

Within the village of Barkowo are the Roman Catholic churches of St. Antonius and St. Martin. A half-timbered prayer house is considered the predecessor of today's St. Antonius Church . This was built in 1742 for the evangelical congregation of Barkowo to carry out church services. In 1829, today's stone church building was created through a financial donation from Prince von Hatzfeldt zu Trachenberg . After 1945 the Catholic community took over the church and named it after St. Anthony . Between 2013 and 2014 the sacred building was extensively renovated and registered as a monument in 2013 . Nowadays the church serves as a branch church of the Roman Catholic parish of Barkowo. The classicist church building consists of a single nave long house with a straight choir end , to which a three-story tower adjoins in the west . The nave has seven elongated windows facing north and south and is covered by a gable roof. The interior of the church is accessed via two side portals in the north and south of the nave and via the main portal on the ground floor of the tower. A wooden gallery runs inside the nave .

The wooden church of St. Martin, drawn by FB Werner around 1745.

The first mention of the Church of St. Martin can be found in the December register (tax list) of the papal ambassador Galhard de Carceribus from 1335. During the Hussite Wars (1419–1436) the building probably suffered severe damage, so that in 1561 the church by Zimmermann Johannis Bunitz of grist wood was rebuilt. After the Reformation , the Protestant community used the church temporarily and from 1654 it served again as a Catholic parish church . In 1663 the church was probably renovated through donations from Prince von Hatzfeldt zu Trachenberg . During the Seven Years' War (1756–1763) the wooden church building was again damaged and a new stone building was built. This was done between 1783 and 1787 in the baroque style. The project probably received support from the then Auxiliary Bishop Anton Ferdinand von Rothkirch and Panthen from Breslau . The architect has not been passed down, but there are various hypotheses that include Johann Christian Valentin Schultze from Potsdam as the chief builder. In 1969, the church received the status of a registered monument and was then subjected to extensive renovation. Nowadays, St. Martin's Church serves as the parish church of the Roman Catholic parish of Barkowo.

The baroque building of the Church of St. Martin consists of a single nave long house . This is bordered in the west by a two-storey tower with a dome and in the east by a choir with an apse . Furthermore, the sacristy is attached to the south of the choir . The nave has three windows to the north and south and is covered by a gable roof. The middle window is framed in a risalit , which is adorned by pilasters and a front spike . The choir has four windows and is also decorated with pilasters on the outer facade. Much of the interior furnishings date from when the church was built at the end of the 18th century. These include the main altar , two side altars, the pulpit and the baptismal font . There is also an organ from the 19th century and a bell from 1474 hangs in the church tower.

graveyards

The cemetery of the Roman Catholic parish of Barkowo is located between the towns of Barkowo and Barkówko . This was originally in the south of the St. Martin church and was moved to this place in the 19th century. There is also a former Protestant cemetery, which is located within 0.7 hectares of forest north of the village of Barkowo. It was built at the end of the 19th century and abandoned under Polish administration after 1945. Today there are still around 50 tombstones on the site .

Other structures

Atonement Cross from Barkowo

In the front garden of a residential building in the village of Barkowo there is an atonement cross about one meter high . It is badly weathered and dates from the 14th-16th centuries. Century. Furthermore, until 1945 there was a war memorial in the form of a pillar opposite the Church of St. Martin . It bore the names of soldiers from the Barkowo area who fell in World War I.

In Szydłów there are remains of Lusatian settlements from the Bronze and Iron Ages . In the north of the village of Barkowo on the border with the Dolina Baryczy Landscape Protection Park, there are further remains of the settlement. They come from the Lusatian and Przeworsk cultures from the Bronze and Iron Ages. Both sites were registered as archaeological monuments in 1991 .

Sports

The village of Barkowo is the seat of the men's football club LZS Lech Barkowo , which is part of the Polish sports association Ludowy Zespół Sportowy (LZS) . The association was founded in 2005 and is named after the Polish Duke Lech . During the 2018/19 season the club played in Class B Group I (Wroclaw), Poland's 8th football league.

literature

Web links

Commons : Barkowo  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

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