Hamburg-St. George
 district of Hamburg |
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| Coordinates | 53 ° 33 '18 " N , 10 ° 0' 44" E |
| surface | 1.8 km² |
| Residents | 11,358 (Dec. 31, 2019) |
| Population density | 6310 inhabitants / km² |
| Post Code | 20095, 20097, 20099 |
| prefix | 040 |
| district | Hamburg-Mitte district |
| Transport links | |
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| Source: Statistical Office for Hamburg and Schleswig-Holstein | |
St. Georg is a district in the Hamburg-Mitte district of the Free and Hanseatic City of Hamburg .
geography
The St. Georg district is bounded in the northwest by the Outer Alster. In this area, it is characterized by mixed use by administrative buildings and smaller, mostly older residential buildings. In the west, the tracks of Hamburg Central Station in the area of the old Hamburg Wallring mark the border with the Hamburg-Altstadt district . The southern and south-eastern boundaries are formed by the tracks of the railway to Lübeck with only a few passages to the Münzviertel and the Borgfelde district . In the north-east, the St. Georg Hospital complex limits the district to Hamburg-Nord and the Hohenfelde district .
history
13th to 16th centuries: naming and development
The quarter owes its name to the St. Georg Hospital , a leprosy hospital that was founded around 1200 outside the city and was named after St. George (also Jürgen ). According to the regulations of 1296, which the council and the hereditary citizenship had issued together with the cathedral chapter , plague sufferers were not allowed to enter the city in order to protect the population from infection. The strip of land between the Koppel road and the Outer Alster belonged to the hospital . The rest of the area of today's district was then called Borgesch and belonged to the land rulership of Hamm and Horn . Later on, disruptive trades like pig farmers and brandy distillers were deported here. In 1564 a plague cemetery was established, which continued to exist as a poor cemetery and from which the stone gate cemeteries emerged in the 18th century . The gallows of Hamburg had stood here since 1554 . The plague house was moved to the Hamburger Berg in St. Pauli in 1606 and the St. Georgs Hospital was converted into a charity, which was not lifted until 1951.
17th to 20th century
After the construction of bastions on the site of the later St. Georg Hospital in 1681, the quarter was incorporated into the city fortress. Together with the western part of Hammerbrook , it formed the suburb of St. Georg since 1830 . In 1868 St. Georg was formally incorporated into the city area (after Hamburg's old town and new town). This led to increased construction activity and a considerable increase in the population, so in the last quarter of the 19th century the new center of the district was built with the multi-storey building around Hansaplatz . The construction of the main train station , which opened in 1906, resulted in the construction of numerous hotels, many of which still exist today. However, the station location also attracted entertainment venues and prostitution, which in part still shapes the image of the district today.
During the Second World War , the eastern part of St. George in particular was badly destroyed. After 1966, the city quarter was temporarily threatened with complete disappearance, as the plans of the Neue Heimat to build the Alster Center included the almost complete demolition of St. Georg. It was not until 1973 that this project was finally abandoned. Instead, the old buildings were renovated.
The St. Georg district had many problems with drugs and prostitution. While the drug scene around Hansaplatz has been pushed into surrounding districts, prostitution is still present, although St. Georg is a restricted area. Rental accommodation is increasingly being converted into condominiums and rental prices are rising in the area around the Lange Reihe . Pre- and post-war buildings were demolished to make way for new buildings with condominiums. Since then, a more affluent clientele has been gradually displacing the multicultural, colorful population structure of recent decades. This process can be observed in many cities and is known as gentrification .
The Bild newspaper wrote: “St. Georg has blossomed from a dingy part of the city into a trendy area - and with it, the rental prices on the Lange Reihe have increased ” .
The small craft and commercial businesses that were represented in large numbers until the end of the 1980s have gradually been replaced by chic street cafes and boutiques. The Lange Reihe is characterized by a very mixed range of shops and restaurants.
In the 21st century
Thanks to its central location and a wide range of hotels and guest houses, St. Georg is a popular travel destination , especially for backpackers .
Population development
- 1994: 14,148
- 2002: 10.239
- 2009: 9,980
- 2016: 10,840
statistics
- Minor quota: 10.0% [Hamburg average: 16.3% (2017)].
- Elderly rate: 12.6% [Hamburg average: 18.2% (2017)].
- Proportion of foreigners: 23.1% [Hamburg average: 17.1% (2017)].
- Unemployment rate: 4.9% [Hamburg average: 5.2% (2017)].
The average income per taxpayer in St.Georg is 44,121 euros annually (2013), the Hamburg average is 39,054 euros.
politics
Election results in the St. Georg district:
| Citizenship election | SPD | Green 1) | Left 2) | CDU | FDP | AfD | Rest |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2015 | 36.7% | 20.8% | 16.7% | 8.6% | 7.6% | 3.9% | 5.7% |
| 2011 | 42.0% | 21.3% | 11.9% | 12.4% | 5.3% | - | 7.1% |
| 2008 | 35.7% | 17.9% | 10.2% | 29.8% | 4.3% | - | 2.1% |
| 2004 | 29.0% | 28.9% | - | 31.3% | 2.0% | - | 8.8% |
| 2001 | 37.2% | 20.4% | 1.0% | 16.0% | 3.8% | - | 21.6% 3) |
| 1997 | 31.4% | 28.2% | 2.1% | 20.8% | 2.9% | - | 14.6% 4) |
| 1993 | 37.4% | 27.6% | - | 15.3% | 2.9% | - | 16.8% 5) |
| 1991 | 45.2% | 18.1% | 2.2% | 25.5% | 2.6% | - | 6.4% |
| 1987 | 44.1% | 19.1% | - | 31.4% | 3.8% | - | 1.6% |
| 1986 | 37.6% | 23.8% | - | 33.5% | 3.6% | - | 1.5% |
| Dec 1982 | 48.0% | 15.8% | - | 32.4% | 2.2% | - | 1.6% |
| June 1982 | 41.8% | 14.9% | - | 36.6% | 3.8% | - | 2.9% |
| 1978 | 48.0% | 7.8% | - | 35.5% | 4.2% | - | 1.6% |
| 1974 | 44.1% | - | - | 40.9% | 8.8% | - | 6.2% |
| 1970 | 53.8% | - | - | 33.6% | 5.0% | - | 7.6% |
| 1966 | 57.1% | - | - | 30.8% | 7.2% | - | 4.9% |
For the election to the citizenship and the district assembly St. Georg belongs to the constituency of Hamburg-Mitte .
Culture and sights
Due to its central location at the main train station and the Outer Alster, the St. Georg district attracts many different population groups.
Many artists live here and you can find expensive luxury hotels and different cultures. Although St. Georg has been a restricted area since 1980 , there is prostitution near the main train station. St. Georg has been very popular in the gay scene since the 1990s ; there are many cafés and clubs here that are tailored to this target group.
Long line
The Lange Reihe is one of the most beautiful streets with old buildings in Hamburg and is now one of the top 10 Hamburg streets with the most expensive condominiums. Rented apartments also have very high rents in some cases. Rents per square meter of 21 euros are no longer uncommon. The Lange Reihe is a typical example of the gentrification of a city quarter: where until a few years ago there was a colorful succession of army shops and specialty shops, corner pubs and handicraft businesses, today there are boutiques and more and more street cafes.
The diversity that characterizes the district also characterizes the Lange Reihe: Every year the parade for Hamburg's Christopher Street Day starts here ; The lesbian and gay district in Hamburg is located along this street . That is why there has been a pedestrian traffic light with a gay and a lesbian couple as traffic light men since July 13, 2015 at the intersection of Kirchenallee / Lange Reihe. In addition, the Corpus Christi procession of the cathedral parish and a St. Martin's procession of kindergartens and schools take place here every year.
On Carl-von-Ossietzky-Platz halfway up the Lange Reihe there is Hamburg's first municipal advertising pillar next to a snack pavilion . A flower sales stand was housed here between 1947 and 1992. When this was given up, the owner planned, in consultation with the city administration, to erect a poster pillar illuminated from the inside, which was prevented by local initiatives. Since 2009, the former flower stand has been used as a municipal advertising pillar, where no commercial advertising takes place, but instead informs local initiatives and associations about their activities.
The actor Hans Albers was born in the long row 71 . The following buildings are under monument protection :
- Long row 30: half-timbered semi-detached house
- Long row 50: built around 1800, two-story half-timbered building with a plastered street facade
- Long row 51 / corner of Gurlittstrasse: five-storey cleaning-floor house, probably built in 1875 by a master confectioner; Façade with classic to Wilhelminian style elements and plenty of stucco, frieze and ornaments
- Long row 61: half-timbered building (original building from the 17th century)
- Long row 92, houses 1 to 3: ensemble of a residential complex from the 1870s
Hansaplatz
Berlin Gate
In addition to the main train station, the S-Bahn and U-Bahn station at Berliner Tor is an important transport hub in Hamburg. A modern office center ( Berliner-Tor-Center ) has been built opposite the main fire station of the Hamburg fire brigade , behind which the Klosterschule grammar school is located .
Bieberhaus
The Bieberhaus is located directly at the main train station. It was built in 1909 according to plans by the architects Johann Gottlieb Rambatz and Wilhelm Jollasse as a reinforced concrete construction with an artificial sandstone facade and is a listed building. The Bieberhaus is the new location of the Ohnsorg Theater , which moved here in 2011 after 75 years from the old location on the Große Bleichen . Publicis Pixelpark has been located here since summer 2018 and Rowohlt Verlag has also been here since March 2019 .
Wooden dam
The houses No. 41-51 were built in 1860 in the new street.
The structure and decor of the late Classicist buildings show historicizing elements and “exotic” details, with which the facades were often fitted out around the middle of the century.
Cosmic Garden
theatre
The Deutsches Schauspielhaus is located directly at Hamburg's main train station and, with around 1,200 seats, is the “largest theater in Germany”. It was built in 1900 under the name Burgtheater an der Alster by the Viennese firm Fellner & Helmer (architect: Ferdinand Fellner the Younger ), which specializes in theater buildings. In 1933 it was nationalized. The staging of Faust from the 1950s with artistic director Gustaf Gründgens in the role of Mephisto is legendary to this day .
In 2001, after 107 years of operation, the Hansa Theater on Steindamm was closed. With that, Hamburg initially lost its last classic variety show . However, it reopened in January 2009. The directors of the St. Pauli Theater , Collien and Waller, initially planned one hundred performances, but then extended the operation of the theater permanently.
In 2003 the cabaret and cabaret stage Polittbüro opened in the former New Cinema on Steindamm .
The traditional Kiko Savoy film theater , which had been closed for a long time, was reopened in Steindamm in 2013 .
Museums
The Museum of Arts and Crafts was built on Steintorplatz from 1874 to 1876. Initially, in addition to the museum, the Johanneum upper secondary school and the trade school were also housed in the building. There are various collections on arts and crafts, ceramics and furniture. The collections of Asiatica and Art Deco and Art Nouveau styles deserve special mention .
religion
The Evangelical Lutheran Trinity Church , often incorrectly called St. George's Church, is located at the beginning of the Lange Reihe . The current church building dates from 1957, the baroque tower was rebuilt in 1962 after the church was almost completely destroyed in the Second World War .
The New Mariendom (architect: Arnold Güldenpfennig ) in Danziger Strasse, built from 1890 to 1893, was the first new Catholic church in Hamburg after the Reformation . It has been the cathedral church of the Archdiocese of Hamburg since 1995 . The Caritas Association for Hamburg, which sponsors various Catholic social projects, is also located in the same street .
The Centrum Mosque is located on Böckmannstraße and the Al-Quds Mosque , which was officially closed on August 9, 2010, is on the Steindamm .
The first church in Germany is located at Steindamm 87, which was primarily aimed at gays and lesbians and which today acts as MCC Hamburg, the church not only for lesbians and gays.
Central Station
The Hamburg Central Station , with its large unsupported concourse an example of industrial architecture of the early 20th century.
Others
At Carl-von-Ossietzky-Platz on the Lange Reihe there is a special kind of " sundial ": In addition to the clockwork , the solar panel also feeds a stepper motor that aligns the panel to the sun.
Economy, infrastructure and facilities
traffic
St. Georg is located directly at Hamburg Central Station . All underground and S-Bahn lines converge here. Almost all lines also serve the St. Georg area in their further course. There are several bus stops around the main train station, which are served by various bus, Metrobus and night bus routes.
Next to it is the central bus station , from which long-distance bus routes run to all of Europe.
St. Georg is touched by very busy streets: On the Alster, Sechslingspforte, Kurt-Schumacher-Allee-Beim Strohshaus. In the center of the St. Georg district, the heavier-used streets Steindamm , Adenauerallee (formerly Grosse Allee) and Lange Reihe run .
Apart from the U- and S- Bahnhof Berliner Tor lying stop Lohmühlenstraße the underground line U1 in St. George.
education
The Hamburg University of Applied Sciences is located at the Berliner Tor . The seminary of the Archdiocese of Hamburg is located on Schmilinskystraße . There are also several elementary schools , district schools and grammar schools in the district .
dishes
In the House of Courts at Berliner Tor are the Hamburg-St. Georg , the Administrative Court of Hamburg , the Hamburg Higher Administrative Court and the Finanzgericht Hamburg resident.
The Hamburg branch of the Episcopal Office (church court) of the dioceses of Hamburg and Osnabrück is located in the General Vicariate on Danziger Straße .
Hotel Atlantic
The Hotel Atlantic is a traditional noble hotel on the Outer Alster . It was opened in 1909 and has been part of Kempinski since 1957 , the oldest luxury hotel group in the world founded in Berlin in 1897. The Atlantic caused a sensation not only as the permanent domicile of German rock legend Udo Lindenberg , but also in 2008 when the former five-star hostel no longer met the classification standards and had to be open to renovation needs.
St. Georg Hospital
The St. Georg Hospital, renamed Asklepios Klinik St. Georg since 2007 , is not only the city's oldest hospital, but also an important maximum care hospital for over 25,000 inpatients and 50,000 outpatients annually with a central city center location. Before it was taken over by Asklepios, it belonged to the Hamburg State Office for Hospitals . The plague hospital used to be at the same location. Nowadays it is an emergency ambulance location and a helipad and maintains 19 medical departments (with 625 beds) such as allergology, the surgical-traumatological center, general surgery, cardiac and hand surgery, the oncological and diabetes center or the interdisciplinary spine center. With its 1,550 employees, it is also an academic teaching hospital of the University of Hamburg . Architecturally remarkable is its classicist house front on Lohmühlenstrasse. In the second row are modern functional buildings. It is located in the square between Lange Reihe, Lohmühlenstraße, Lübeckertordamm and Straße Sechslingspforte.
graveyards
In recent decades, cemeteries have tended to be declassified rather than newly created. After the cemeteries of the Evangelical Trinity Congregation were leveled in 1905 as part of the construction of the train station , the canon cemetery, newly laid out in 2008 on Domplatz next to St. Mary's Cathedral , is the first of its kind in St. Georg. The two-part cemetery for the canons is located on the south side of the church and is partly completely enclosed by a walkway . The front part, on the other hand, is accessible from the Domplatz via an iron gate. The burial place offers space for 17 burial sites . In addition, in 2012 a columbarium - an urn grave - was inaugurated in the crypt under St. Mary's Cathedral.
Photo gallery
Schlitzbau on Schmilinskystrasse. The buildings that used to exist here were destroyed in the war.
U1 stop Lohmühlenstraße
Men's version of the "variety traffic light " on the long row (see pair of traffic lights )
See also
- List of streets, squares and bridges in Hamburg-St. George
- List of cultural monuments in Hamburg-St. George
- List of stumbling blocks in Hamburg-St. George
- Alsterzentrum , an unrealized urban development project
literature
- St. George. In: Daniel Tilgner (Ed.): Hamburg from Altona to Zollenspieker. The Haspa manual for all districts of the Hanseatic city. Hoffmann and Campe, Hamburg 2002, ISBN 3-455-11333-8 , p. 940 ff.
- Michael Joho (Ed.): St. Georg is alive! 125 years of the St. Georg Citizens' Association - a reading picture book. VSA, Hamburg 2005, ISBN 3-89965-161-8 .
- Kristiane Lutz: The district of St. Georg is changing - changes in the residential area from the point of view of two district associations. Master thesis. GRIN Verlag, Norderstedt 2005, ISBN 3-638-44594-1 .
- Museum of Arts and Crafts (Ed.): St. Georg - Suburbs and Prejudice? Exhibition from October 5 to November 19, 1978. Christians Verlag, Hamburg 1978, ISBN 3-7672-0605-6 .
- Rainer Ahlers: Sankt Georg Buch - with Borgfelde, Hohenfelde, Hammerbrook and Hamm. Junius Verlag , Hamburg 2015, ISBN 978-3-88506-059-8 .
Web links
- St. Georg on hamburg.de
- Statistics of the district ( Memento from January 10, 2007 in the Internet Archive )
- St. Georg from the Middle Ages to today - St. Georg history workshop
Individual evidence
- ^ Hamburg from Altona to Zollenspieker. 2002, p. 940.
- ^ Hamburg from Altona to Zollenspieker. 2002, p. 941.
- ^ Hamburg from Altona to Zollenspieker. 2002, p. 941.
- ↑ Map of the destruction in 1945
- ↑ Social room description St. Georg. (PDF) District Office Hamburg-Mitte, p. 71 , accessed on August 8, 2018 .
- ↑ a b Description of the social room St. Georg. (PDF) District Office Hamburg-Mitte, p. 8 , accessed on August 8, 2018 .
- ↑ ST.GEORG: Here a district loses its soul . In: bild.de . ( bild.de [accessed on August 8, 2018]).
- ↑ Ulrich Gaßdorf: Hamburger increasingly annoyed by tourists . ( Abendblatt.de [accessed on August 8, 2018]).
- ↑ Social room description St. Georg. (PDF) District Office Hamburg-Mitte, p. 15 , accessed on August 8, 2018 .
- ↑ a b Statistical Office for Hamburg and Schleswig-Holstein (ed.): Hamburg District Profile 2016 (= NORD.regional . Volume 19 ). 2018, ISSN 1863-9518 ( Online PDF 6.6 MB [accessed February 12, 2018]).
- ↑ Quota of minors in the Hamburg districts in 2017
- ↑ Proportion of 65-year-olds and older in the Hamburg districts in 2017
- ↑ Proportion of foreigners in the Hamburg districts in 2017
- ↑ Unemployment rate in the Hamburg districts in 2017
- ↑ Diversity traffic light in St. Georg. at hamburg.de , accessed on July 19, 2015.
- ^ Gudrun Maurer: Legendary places in Hamburg. Via Reise Verlag, Berlin 2012, ISBN 978-3-935029-53-7 , p. 19.
- ^ Hamburg from Altona to Zollenspieker. 2002, p. 942.
- ↑ The Hotel "Atlantic" receives international warnings. In: Welt online. (accessed September 10, 2008).
- ^ Horst Günter Lange: The bishop's crypt and the canon cemetery in Hamburg's Mariendom. In: OHLSDORF - magazine for mourning culture (accessed on April 5, 2018).
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