Pieve Vergonte

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Pieve Vergonte
Template: Infobox municipality in Italy / maintenance / coat of arms missingNo coat of arms available.
Pieve Vergonte (Italy)
Pieve Vergonte
Country Italy
region Piedmont
province Verbano-Cusio-Ossola  (VB)
Coordinates 46 ° 0 ′  N , 8 ° 16 ′  E Coordinates: 46 ° 0 ′ 0 ″  N , 8 ° 16 ′ 0 ″  E
height 232  m slm
surface 41 km²
Residents 2,513 (Dec. 31, 2019)
Population density 61 inhabitants / km²
Post Code 28886
prefix 0324
ISTAT number 103054
Popular name pievesi
Patron saint Vincenzo Pallotti and Anastasio ( January 22 )
Website Pieve Vergonte
Ossola Valley in the Piedmont region
Parish Church of Santi Vincenzo e Anastasio
San Lorenzo Church
Old farmhouses
Old town house
Rumianca chemical plant

Pieve Vergonte is a municipality in the Italian province of Verbano-Cusio-Ossola (VB) in the Piedmont region .

geography

Pieve Vergonte is located in the lower Ossola Valley , on the banks of the Toce , at the foot of the Valle Anzasca . The municipality covers an area of ​​41  km² . Pieve Vergonte includes the Fomarco, Loro, Megolo and Rumianca fractions. The Rumianca Industrial Canal is an important plant for the generation of hydropower for industrial purposes. Lake Sant'Anna in the village of Loro is connected to the Società Pescatori Sant'Anna, which was founded in 1964 for trout fishing.

The neighboring municipalities are Anzola d'Ossola , Calasca-Castiglione , Piedimulera , Premosello-Chiovenda , Valstrona and Vogogna .

history

On July 12, 1006 in the castle of the island of San Giulio, Peter III, Bishop of Novara , granted this Grimaldo for 29 years half of four farms in the area of Anzola belonging to the parish church of San Vincenzo di Vergonte, for the annual rent of 100 pounds of cheese. This is the text of the precious document kept in the Chapter Archives of Santa Maria in Novara (Novara, Diocesan Historical Archives, ACN, 27). In 1006 the four farms and the six settlers were owned by the parish church of Vergonte, even though they were administered by the bishop, who enjoyed the goods according to a formula used at the time, but satisfied the needs of this church in relation to the fruits. A connection that was already strong in 1006, but which dates back to an earlier time and connected Anzola with the old parish church of San Vincenzo di Vergonte. The six factors of the Church of Vergonte (Domenico, Lupo, Martino, Domenico, Giovanni Battista and Albino) who ran the four farms of the Anzola country in 1006, probably come from the first settlers who came from the parish church of Vergonte or the monastery of San Pietro in Ciel d'Oro in Pavia , which at the time supposedly owned lands and fish ponds elsewhere in the valley.

On February 9, 1348, the village of Pietrasanta, formed after the destruction of the old Vergunto and before the foundation of the Pieve Vergonte, was destroyed by a flood of the Anza stream. At that time Pietrasanta was the capital of the Lower Ossola Valley and the ordinary seat of the court for the entire district. In 1421, with the help of Francesco Bussone da Carmagnola , Genoa, Filippo Maria Visconti occupied the valleys of Domodossola, including Pieve Vergonte. After the battle of Pavia between the French army under King Francis I and the army of the Holy Roman Empire under Charles V (HRR) of Habsburg , the regions of northern Italy, including the Duchy of Milan , the Ossola Valley and the Pieve Vergonte, were assigned to the Hand over the Habsburg House. In 1555, after the abdication of Charles V, the empire was divided between his son Philip II (Spain) and his brother Ferdinand I (HRR) . The Ossola, and with it the Pieve Vergonte, which were under the administration of the King of Spain Philip II, and Spanish will remain for the next 159 years.

After the War of the Austrian Succession (1740-1748) and the related Treaty of Worms of 1743 and the Treaty of Aachen of 1748, which ended the conflict, the Kingdom of Sardinia acquired that of Ossola Valley, including Pieve Vergonte, among the many areas. In 1775, King Vittorio Amedeo III approved . with license from June 6th 1775 the new regulations for the municipal administration. The municipality of Vogogna was considered too big, so that the old municipality of Vogogna, which originally consisted of ten countries, was divided into six different and separate municipalities: Vogogna con Prata; Pallanzeno; Piedimulera; Cimamulera; Fomarco; Rumianca with the villages of Megolo, Loro and Pieve Vergonte. In 1861, with the birth of the Kingdom of Italy , the Ossola Valley and with it the Pieve Vergonte passed under the administration of the Province of Novara .

During the Second World War , the mountain areas around the Pieve Vergonte and the entire Ossola Valley experienced important partisan activity , in particular the formation of the formation of Commander Filippo Beltrami, one of the first in the area between Cusio and Ossola.

population

Population development
year 1861 1871 1881 1901 1921 1931 1951 1971 1991 2001 2011 2018
Residents 2295 2286 2216 1771 1916 1961 2683 2935 2811 2692 2644 2551

Attractions

  • Parish church of Santi Vincenzo e Anastasio preserves the relic of Sant'Orsa patron saint of the Pieve Vergonte and the Ossola Valley. Saint Orsa is considered a martyr (3rd century AD) who was hardly beheaded as a child during the persecution of the Roman emperor Decius . The Pieve Vergonte regards her as the patron saint and protector of children, whose blessing takes place during the annual festival. It is celebrated with religious and folkloric events. In 1879 the Sacred Congregation for Rites granted the Parish of Pieve Vergonte the office and liturgy of Mass for the celebration of the annual festival on the last Sunday in October.
  • San Gaudenzio Church
  • Millstone for the gold ore mill, of which only the tank remains, in the Park of the Fallen of the Great War .
  • The remains of a wall of the Castle of Pietrasanta, destroyed on February 9, 1348, called the Wall of Borgaccio, near the Toce river that separates the Pieve Vergonte and the nearby village of Vogogna.
  • The workers' village, built over the course of twenty years according to a project by the architect Paolo Vietti-Violi, as a model of an alternative settlement for the workers of the Pieve Vergonte chemical plant, including the modern chemical mast, the offices, laboratories and factories, the cinema and theater complex , the guest house, the staff and manager club, the workers club with canteen and bowling alleys as well as the infirmary with staff quarters and two rescue chambers.

Industry

There is an important and historical chemical industry in the municipality (Pieve Vergonte Chemical Plant). The Pieve Vergonte industrial plant was founded in 1915 on the initiative of industrialists represented by the Società Italiana Prodotti Esplodenti (SIPE), based in Milan, with a share capital of 2,500,000 lire. The first production is used for military purposes to produce iodine chloride , chlorobenzene and phosgene , which was used in the First World War and later in the Abyssinian War . After the Second World War, Rumianca and later SIR developed new production lines consisting of the production of DDT and chlorinated aromatics and stopped the production of sulfuric acid from pyrite . These products were used by the United States of America during the Vietnam War .

The municipality of Pieve Vergonte produces electrical energy. The first producer is Edison with his Battiggio works in Val Anzasca and Pieve Vergonte, both supplied with water from the Anza river, with an average total production of 95 Gwh. The second producer is the company Tessenderlo with the former Romanianca plants Ceppo Morelli in Val Anzasca and Megolo on the river Toce, which uses the introduction of the Pieve Vergonte plant of the Edison company with an average total production of 90 GWh.

literature

  • Various authors: Comuni della Provincia del Verbano-Cusio-Ossola. Consiglio Regionale del Piemonte, Chieri 2012, ISBN 9788896074503 .
  • Various authors: Il Piemonte paese per paese. Bonechi Editore, Firenze 1996, ISBN 88-8029-156-4 .

See also

About the name: Pieve

Web links

Commons : Pieve Vergonte  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. Statistiche demografiche ISTAT. Monthly population statistics of the Istituto Nazionale di Statistica , as of December 31 of 2019.