Saint-Martin-du-Frêne
| Saint-Martin-du-Frêne | ||
|---|---|---|
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| region | Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes | |
| Department | Ain | |
| Arrondissement | Nantua | |
| Canton | Nantua | |
| Community association | Haut-Bugey agglomeration | |
| Coordinates | 46 ° 8 ' N , 5 ° 33' E | |
| height | 476-1,125 m | |
| surface | 19.14 km 2 | |
| Residents | 1,049 (January 1, 2017) | |
| Population density | 55 inhabitants / km 2 | |
| Post Code | 01430 | |
| INSEE code | 01373 | |
| Website | www.saintmartindufresne.com | |
 town hall |
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Saint-Martin-du-Frêne is a French commune with 1,049 inhabitants (at January 1, 2017) in the department of Ain in the region Auvergne Rhône-Alpes . It belongs to the canton of Nantua in the Arrondissement of Nantua .
geography
Saint-Martin-du-Frêne is located at 515 m , about 15 kilometers southwest of the city of Oyonnax (as the crow flies). The village extends in northern Bugey , on the eastern edge of a wide basin in the Jura , at the foot of the Montagne de Chamoise .
The area of the 19.14 km² municipal area covers a section of the southern French Jura. The central part is occupied by the approximately 1.5 kilometers wide, north-south oriented valley basin of the Oignin , which forms a syncline in the Folded Jura and is drained to the north to the Ain . Towards the north this valley opens up to the Brion plain. To the west it is flanked by the Montagne de Collégiard ( 665 m ). The Montagne de Chamoise rises to the east of the valley and forms a high plateau. This in turn rises gradually to the east and culminates on the steeply sloping rocky crest of Les Monts d'Ain to the east . Here the highest point of Saint-Martin-du-Frêne is reached with 1127 m . The plateau of the Chamoise is bounded in the south by the deeply carved erosion valley of the Combe de Vau , whose entire catchment area also belongs to the municipality. To the south of this is the Chevillard plateau.
Saint-Martin-du-Frêne includes the hamlet of Chamoise ( 700 m ) on the high plateau of the Montagne de Chamoise, as well as some groups of farms and individual farms. Neighboring municipalities of Saint-Martin-du-Frêne are Brion and Port in the north, Nantua and Brénod in the east, Chevillard and Condamine in the south and Maillat and Peyriat in the west.
history
Various stray finds indicate that the municipality of Saint-Martin-du-Frêne was already populated during the Gallo-Roman period. Around 760, the abbots of the Nantua monastery founded a small priory in Saint-Martin. This was destroyed during the Hungarian invasions , which is why the abbots placed the priory under the protection of the Lords of Coligny. The role of patron was later transferred to the Thoire-Villars family.
Saint-Martin-du-Frêne is mentioned in a document in 1144 under the Latinized name Sanctus Martinus de Fraxino . Over time, the spelling changed from Sanctus Martines del Fraino (1234) to Saint-Martin-du-Fresne . The latter is still used today as a local spelling z. They are used, for example, on street signs, on the municipality website and in regional newspapers.
As a result of a dispute between the Thoire-Villars and the Counts of Savoy over power over the area, the latter took the village in 1330, but gave it back to the Thoire-Villars some time later. In 1355, the residents were granted certain rights with a letter of freedom. Saint-Martin-du-Frêne now formed a Kastlanei . Half of the property was sold to the Maillat family in 1374, who remained the owners of this part until the French Revolution . With the Treaty of Lyon , Saint-Martin-du-Frêne came to France in 1601.
Attractions
The three-aisled parish church of Saint-Martin-du-Frêne was built between 1868 and 1873 and has an octagonal bell tower. From the former Château des Terreaux, which was built in 1248 by the Thoire-Villars family, only a 5 m high round tower with mighty walls remains.
Population development
| year | Residents |
|---|---|
| 1962 | 598 |
| 1968 | 623 |
| 1975 | 706 |
| 1982 | 744 |
| 1990 | 971 |
| 1999 | 1,050 |
| 2006 | 1,068 |
| 2011 | 1,093 |
With 1,049 inhabitants (as of January 1, 2017), Saint-Martin-du-Frêne is one of the smaller communities in the Ain department. After the population had decreased in the first half of the 20th century (in 1901 there were still 785 people), a significant increase in population has been recorded since the beginning of the 1960s. The local residents of Saint-Martin-du-Frêne are called San-Martinois (es) in French .
Economy and Infrastructure
Until well into the 20th century, Saint-Martin-du-Frêne was a village dominated by agriculture and forestry. In addition, there are now a number of small and medium-sized businesses, including plastics processing, clothes hanger production and the electronics industry. In the meantime, the village has also turned into a residential community. Many workers are also commuters who work in the larger towns in the area.
The village is very well developed in terms of traffic. It is located on the D1084 departmental road, which leads from Bellegarde-sur-Valserine through the Cluse de Nantua to Pont-d'Ain . There are other road connections with Hauteville-Lompnes and Vieu-d'Izenave . The next connection to the A40 motorway , which crosses the municipality and forms the junction with the A404 to Oyonnax, is about one kilometer away on the border with the municipality of Maillat.
In Saint-Martin-du-Frêne there is a state école primaire (elementary school with an integrated preschool ).
Personalities
- Sebastian Castellio (1515–1563), humanistic scholar, philosopher and Protestant theologian
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ É. Philipon: Dictionnaire Topographique du Département de l'Ain . Imprimerie Nationale, 1911, p. 389 (French, online [PDF; accessed January 4, 2014]).
- ↑ Saint-Martin-du-Frêne - notice communal. In: cassini.ehess.fr. Retrieved on June 14, 2015 (French, INSEE population from 1968 ).