Jujurieux
| Jujurieux | ||
|---|---|---|
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| region | Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes | |
| Department | Ain | |
| Arrondissement | Nantua | |
| Canton | Pont d'Ain | |
| Community association | Rives de l'Ain-Pays du Cerdon | |
| Coordinates | 46 ° 2 ′ N , 5 ° 25 ′ E | |
| height | 242-633 m | |
| surface | 15.39 km 2 | |
| Residents | 2,156 (January 1, 2017) | |
| Population density | 140 inhabitants / km 2 | |
| Post Code | 01640 | |
| INSEE code | 01199 | |
| Website | www.jujurieux.fr | |
Jujurieux is a French commune in the Ain department with 2,156 inhabitants (at January 1, 2017) in the region of Auvergne Rhône-Alpes . It is assigned to the canton of Pont-d'Ain in the Arrondissement of Nantua .
geography
Jujurieux is located at 307 m in the southern French Jura Mountains , about 23 kilometers southeast of the prefecture of Bourg-en-Bresse and 54 km northeast of the city of Lyon (as the crow flies).
Neighboring municipalities of Jujurieux are Poncin and Mérignat in the north, Boyeux-Saint-Jérôme in the east, L'Abergement-de-Varey and Saint-Jean-le-Vieux in the south and Pont-d'Ain and Neuville-sur-Ain in the west.
The area of the municipality of 15.39 km 2 includes a section on the left bank of the River Ain in the Bugey countryside . Coming from the Jura foothills, two streams, the Ecotet in the north and the Riez in the south, drain the municipality and mark its borders in sections. They flow into the Ain. On the hilltop of Sur Cret on a plateau near the hamlet of Vieillard , the highest point in Jujurieux is reached at 633 m .
In addition to the municipality's capital, there are the following hamlets in the municipality (from north to south):
- Chenavel ( 357 m ) on a rocky plateau rising steeply from the valley of the Ain
- La Route ( 255 m ) on the road from Poncin to Saint-Jean-le-Vieux through the valley of the Ain
- Vieillard ( 495 m ), Le Bévieur ( 347 m ) and Cossieux ( 317 m ) are all located in the small erosion valley of the Vieillasseux east of the center of Jujurieux: Vieillard at the upper end in a basin, Le Bévieur in the middle and Cossieux at the end of the valley
- Chaux ( 482 m ) in the hills above Jujurieux
- La Combe ( 350 m ) in the hills above Jujurieux
- Cucuen ( 308 m ) northeastern district of Jujurieux
- La Courbattière ( 285 m ) south-eastern district of Jujurieux
- Lhuire ( 338 m ) at the end of a tip of the municipality that protrudes into the valley of Saint-Jérôme.
history
The village of Jujurieux was already settled in Roman times. Coin finds near Roman house foundations and bricks show portraits of emperors from the 3rd and 4th centuries. The remains of a necropolis from the Burgundian period have been found in a field above Lhuire .
middle Ages
In the 11th or 12th century, Benedictines from Ambronay founded a priory in the place mentioned in 1115 with the name Jusiriacum . The village of Jujurieux had only a few farms in the Middle Ages and was part of the rule of Varey. Chenavel formed its own rule, which was subordinate to the Lords of Thoire-Villars. The lands in the east of today's municipality, Vieillard and the castle Châtelard-de-Luyre were part of the property of Châtillon-de-Cornelle (manor in today's neighboring municipality of Boyeux-Saint-Jérôme). The various lands came under the sovereignty of the Counts of Savoy in the course of the 14th century . With the Treaty of Lyon , the entire Bugey finally fell to France in 1601.
industrialization
In the course of the industrial revolution, part of the French silk industry, which was mainly centered in Lyon , arose in Jujurieux . The silk manufacturer Claude-Joseph Bonnet opened a second factory in his birthplace of Jujuriuex in 1836 in his company, which had been successful in Lyon since 1810. He had a building complex built which, in addition to the actual factory, also included a boarding school for the several hundred workers, a chapel, a school and buildings for the water and energy supply. The factory was run by several generations of the family and closed in 2001. From 1898 to 1933 there was a connection by overland tram ( Tramways de l'Ain ) with the neighboring town of Pont-d'Ain and the Ambérieu-en-Bugey - Cerdon route . It supplied the silk factory with goods and workers and was expanded into the Riez Valley to a lime and cement factory.
Viticulture
Another contribution to the boom in the 19th century came from viticulture , which at peak times extended to over 300 hectares of fields and slopes in Jujurieux, and on which agriculture was almost entirely concentrated. The phylloxera crisis at the end of the 19th century also met Jujurieux with full force, then the acreage after that World War I and the Great Depression finally to less than one tenth of the original reduced. The vineyards are now concentrated on the high quality, south-facing slopes. The efforts resulted in recognition as a protected designation of origin Bugey in 2009 .
Attractions
The buildings of the disused silk factories from the 19th century are now classified as monument historique due to their importance for the industrialization of former rural areas .
In Jujurieux there are an unusually high number of castles and palaces for a town of this size. Three castles have been preserved from the Middle Ages, which secured the various lands and thoroughfares in the area of today's municipality. In the 19th century there were also entrepreneurial villas from the Bonnet family, built in the style of Renaissance castles and surrounded by spacious gardens.
These are the following structures:
- The 13th century Châtelard-de-Lhuire ( Lage ) sits enthroned on a rocky outcrop above the confluence of the Marlieux and Riez rivers in a strategically important position that secured access to the upstream estates of Châtillon-de-Cornelle and Saint-Jérôme . The castle was set on fire during the revolution and is now partially restored.
- The Château de Chenavel ( ) from the 14th century is located on the upper edge of a step over the river Ain, directly opposite the Château de Thol on the other side of the river. After changing hands several times, the Château de Chenavel went to the Abbot of Ambronay, who had it rebuilt from scratch at the end of the 16th century. The war of Henry IV against the Counts of Savoy, which began during the construction period in the summer of 1600, spared the unfinished manor house. The castle escaped destruction again during the French Revolution after the owners removed all fortification features (moats, drawbridge). In the heyday of silk manufacturing, the castle belonged to the entrepreneur Bonnet, who set up a retirement home for his workers there. The main facade facing the Ain is framed by two round corner towers.
- The Château de la Tour-des-Échelles ( Lage ) was built as a permanent house in the 13th century and soon became the property of the Moyria family. The current buildings and parts of the interior are from the 17th century, after the revolution only the damaged towers had to be repaired. The castle at the southern end of the town center is laid out in the shape of a horseshoe around an inner courtyard and has a fortified tower on the outside that overlooks the plain between Jujurieux and Varey Castle. It is surrounded by a French garden. Parts of the castle and the garden are classified as monument historique .
- The Château de Montaillet ( Lage ) is the first of the neo-Renaissance entrepreneurial villas. Inaugurated in 1850 by the eldest son of silk manufacturer Claude-Joseph Bonnet, it has a simple rectangular shape, to which a transverse wing was added in 1912.
- Château des Evettes ( Lage ), built in 1860 in the neo-renaissance style for Jules Bonnet, nephew of the silk manufacturer Claude-Joseph Bonnet.
- The Château de Valence ( Lage ) is a castle with a rectangular floor plan and four prominent corner towers. It is located in the center of Jujurieux, its former palace garden is now a public park.
- Château du Spey ( Lage ), built in 1867 for other family members of Claude-Joseph Bonnet: his brother-in-law and younger sister Eugène and Adèle Duchamp. The corner towers were added and balconies demolished during later renovations.
- Château des Guerets ( Lage ), built in 1899 for the family of Claire Bonnet, granddaughter of the silk manufacturer. It is located on a hill and overlooks both the Ain plain and the plain between Jujurieux and Varey.
- Château de Seneche ( Lage ), built in 1897 for Cyrille Cottin, grandson of Claude-Joseph Bonnet.
- Le Val Rose ( Lage ) is also a villa built by entrepreneurs in the silk industry. Originally built in 1898, it was bought by a French silk manufacturer returning from New York in 1922 , who expanded it and gave it its current name.
- Pigeon tower (monument historique)
population
| Population development | |
|---|---|
| year | Residents |
| 1962 | 1,560 |
| 1968 | 1,520 |
| 1975 | 1,459 |
| 1982 | 1,492 |
| 1990 | 1,602 |
| 1999 | 1,700 |
| 2006 | 1,950 |
| 2011 | 2.124 |
With 2,156 inhabitants (as of January 1, 2017), Jujurieux is one of the medium-sized communities in the Ain department. After the population had decreased significantly in the first half of the 20th century (in 1901 there were still 2,652 people counted), it has increased again slightly since the 1990s. The local residents of Jujurieux are called Sussurien (ne) s in French .
Economy and Infrastructure
Jujurieux was an agricultural village until the silk factory opened . However, it did not succeed in settling other branches of industry in the 20th century in such a way that they could compensate for the loss of jobs caused by the decline of the French silk industry. Today there are a number of small and medium-sized businesses, but most of the workforce works in the surrounding cities, so that Jujurieux has transformed into a residential community. The small farms in the village are predominantly winemakers, around half of whose vineyards fall under the protected designation of origin. Mainly the varieties Poulsard and Gamay are grown, with which the rosé sparkling wine Cerdon is produced.
The village is located off the main thoroughfares on a departmental road that leads from Saint-Jean-le-Vieux through the Riez and Marlieu valleys to Châtillon-de-Cornelle and Corlier . The D1084, which crosses the municipality in the northwest, has connections with Pont-d'Ain and Nantua . An entrance to the A42 motorway is about 6 kilometers away in Pont-d'Ain.
In Jujurieux there are two primary schools with integrated pre-school classes ( école primaire , one of which is privately owned).
Web links
- Official website of the municipality of Jujurieux
- Website of the Association of Friends of the Heritage of Jujurieux ( Amis du Patrimoine de Jujurieux , French)
Individual evidence
- ^ André Buisson: Carte Archéologique de la Gaule - Ain 01 . Académie des Inscriptions et Belles-Lettres , 1990, ISBN 2-87754-010-3 , pp. 121 (French, limited preview in Google Book search).
- ↑ É. Philipon: Dictionnaire Topographique du Département de l'Ain . Imprimerie Nationale, 1911, p. 102, 112, 215 (French, online [PDF; accessed January 4, 2014]).
- ↑ a b c see web links: Amis du Patrimoine de Jujurieux (accessed on February 17, 2014).
- ↑ a b see web links: subpage nature on the website of the Amis du Patrimoine de Jujurieux (accessed on February 17, 2014).
- ↑ Décret n ° 2011-1097. In: Légifrance . Retrieved February 18, 2014 (French).
- ↑ Soieries CJ Bonnet in the Base Mérimée of the French Ministry of Culture (French).
- ↑ Le château de la Tour des Echelles in the Base Mérimée of the French Ministry of Culture (French).
- ↑ French Statistics Institute ( www.insee.fr )
- ↑ Jujurieux - notice communale. In: cassini.ehess.fr. Retrieved on February 17, 2014 (French, INSEE population from 1968 ).
- ^ Dossier statistique on Jujurieux. In: INSEE . Retrieved February 18, 2014 (French).