Hammelburg military training area
The Hammelburg military training area is a training area created from 1895 as a firing range for the Bavarian army with the Hammelburg camp as accommodation for the troops. Today it forms a district of Hammelburg in the Lower Franconian district of Bad Kissingen . The approx. 4000 hectare site with the Bonnland practice village and the barracks in Hammelburg camp is currently used by the Bundeswehr infantry school as a " UN training center ".
Origin and development of the military training area up to the First World War
The development of military weapons technology and the increase in the peacetime strength of the German army from 385,000 to 468,000 men led towards the end of the 19th century to an increased need for training grounds that, with suitable firing ranges, met the requirements of modern firearms. So far, the only military training area in the Kingdom of Bavaria was the Lechfeld camp near Augsburg. The search for a new training site in Franconia by the II Royal Bavarian Army Corps , which began in 1890, finally ended with the decision for a site five kilometers south of Hammelburg on a limestone plateau 120 meters above the valley of the Franconian Saale . The west-east extension is on average six kilometers, that in north-south direction seven kilometers; the height is between 250 and 320 meters above sea level. NN . The purchase or expropriation of the necessary land in the areas of the municipalities of Bonnland, Fuchsstadt , Hammelburg, Hundsfeld , Pfaffenhausen and Obereschenbach as well as the lands of the barons von Gleichen-Russwurm and von Thüngen to the value of 1.5 million Reichsmarks took place until the middle of the year 1895. The farmers in Bonnland and Hundsfeld were hardest hit. They had to give up about half of their land so that many farms could no longer be operated profitably. Many residents were forced to look for work elsewhere, especially in industry. In the same year the first shooting lanes were laid out. Two camps with wooden and corrugated iron barracks were built as permanent facilities to accommodate the exercising troops. Tent camps with massive kitchen buildings were used to accommodate the crew. The complexes known as camps north and south were connected by communal facilities such as an officers' canteen, military hospital , horse stables and gun areas. The construction of the staff quarters for the commandant's office began in the spring of 1895; The kitchen and dining room were added in 1901. In the same year the water tower , which became the symbol of the camp, was built. By 1914, other solid buildings, some of which are now under monument protection , such as the so-called general building (building 79), the site administration building (building 27), the site commanders' house , the so-called club house, as well as the team and camp barracks, were completed. On April 1, 1895, the garrison administration under Garrison Administration Inspector Jakob Zirker, under the management of the II. Royal Bavarian Army Corps, started its service at Kirchgasse 28 in Hammelburg.
The use of the training area began as early as autumn 1895 by units of the II Royal Bavarian Army Corps. After the first military aviation school in Munich-Oberwiesenfeld, a second was set up in the Hammelburg camp in 1911. In autumn of that year, Prince Regent Luitpold also visited the maneuvers of the II Royal Bavarian Army Corps. At the end of the first year of the war in 1914, the camp complex was supplemented by a machine gun school . The use of the military training area by replacement units continued uninterrupted during the war.
POW camp in the First World War
On August 22, 1914, 3,000 French soldiers were the first prisoners of war to arrive at the Hammelburg camp. The guard was carried out by the Landsturmbataillon Unterfranken II. Camp commandant was Lieutenant Colonel Strelin from 1914 to 1916 and Lieutenant Colonel Kümmerle until 1918. Since the accommodation capacities for the prisoners who were added during the war were insufficient, the so-called Spannsgrabenlager and the hut camp were built next to the north camp. With the exception of the officers, the prisoners of war were used for earthworks and construction work in the camp as well as in agriculture. On October 18, 1918, there were finally 5199 French, 2264 Russian, 77 Belgian and 2612 Italian prisoners of war in the camp. The French and Italian soldiers were able to return to their homeland after the end of the war. All prisoners of war had left Hammelburg by January 15, 1919, only the Russian soldiers remained in the camp until 1921 due to the revolutionary unrest in Russia .
The soldiers who died in captivity found their final resting place in the cemetery on Hundsbacher Strasse. While the French and Italians transferred their dead to their homeland after the end of the war, 58 Russian and 26 Serbian soldiers remained in the camp cemetery.
The 4th and 8th Bavarian Infantry Regiments and the 12th Bavarian Field Artillery Regiment demobilized on the military training area as their temporary location. The artillery observation tower, the Gullmannsturm, named after the first commanding officer of the military training area, was blown up.
From mid-1919, the Hammelburg camp also functioned as a transit camp (Dulag) for German soldiers who returned from captivity. In 1920 the last returnees left the transit camp.
The revolutionary years 1918/1919 and civil use until 1933
After the fall of the Bavarian government by the workers 'and soldiers' councils on Nov. 8, 1918 also formed among the men of the militia battalion deployed to guard the POWs Soldiers who eventually took power in the camp and the population to the establishment of workers and peasants councils called. One of these was soon established in Hammelburg and worked with the soldiers' council and the local authorities to ensure food and reintegration of the former German prisoners of war arriving in the Hammelburg transit camp.
The murder of Kurt Eisner on February 21, 1919 and the proclamation of the Soviet republic on April 7, 1919 led as a counter-reaction by the government of Johannes Hoffmann to the formation of Freikorps . In May 1919, which formed Flight Lieutenant Rudolf Berthold in Lager Hammelburg the "Franconian Bauerndetachement" even "Iron crowd Berthold" called that by the army administration equipment, food and wages received, moved to Munich on 30 May 1919 and later in the Baltic region was used .
The result of the lost war was the Versailles Treaty of June 28, 1919, which among other things stipulated a limitation of the Reichswehr to 100,000 men and massive arms restrictions. The Hammelburg military training area was demobilized and handed over to the Reich property administration for civilian use. This leased the land to farmers in the surrounding communities. The Bonnländer and Hundsfelder also received the arable land given back for the military training area, but no longer as property, but also only as leased land for an initial period of 15 years. After the transit camp was closed in 1920, the south camp was empty. The hut camp set up for the prisoners of war was demolished. The remaining Russian prisoners of war until 1921 were housed in the north camp and were guarded by a police company.
In 1921, the district of Lower Franconia set up the Hammelburg District Agriculture School in the camp hospital.
Children's recreation home Marienruhe
In 1921 Georg Maria Staab founded the Marienruhe children's recreation home in the south camp, which was supported by the Catholic Church in the USA, Switzerland and Holland. The home was also promoted by Pope Pius XI. and his apostolic nuncio in Bavaria, Eugenio Pacelli , who ran the Hammelburg camp on 11/12. Visited December 1919. As early as 1921, 80 Benedictine women from Tutzing were looking after 3,500 children from all over Germany who had come to Hammelburg to relax.
A hospital was set up in building 69, today's officers' dormitory, and a dining room in today's ensign's home. Administration and supply rooms could be created in the training commander's house. The nuns set up their monastery in building 100. By 1925, more and more childcare facilities were created, so that in addition to sports facilities, playgrounds and a nursery, they comprised a total of 40 buildings. In 1924 the Order of the Daughters of the Most Holy Redeemer from Würzburg took over the care of the children's recreation home. Due to a lack of financial support, the lease agreement with the German Reich, which expired in 1931, could not be extended, so the home had to be closed. By then, 60,000 children had found relaxation there.
Interim uses
In the period from 1931 to 1933, the voluntary labor service of the Reich government and the Christian Association of Young Men used the two camps. The Empire Council for Youth upgrading opened a youth sports school, which after the takeover of the Nazis on 30 January 1933 by the SA was acquired and operated until 30 June 1934th
Renewed military use until the end of the Second World War
On July 1, 1934, the Reichswehr founded the Army Sports School von der Tann as a camouflaged training facility, which only existed for a short time. At the same time, the Imperial Army Administration prepared the camp grounds for future military use by the 13th Infantry Regiment. This unit was reclassified there, so that from the first two battalions the regiment "Heidelberg", the later infantry regiment 34 emerged.
In 1935, the military training area was returned to the responsibility of the army administration by the Bavarian financial administration, which was carried out by a new site administration and an army forester. With the establishment of the 57th Infantry Regiment of the new Wehrmacht (Colonel Sanne) on September 1, 1935, Hammelburg became a garrison town again. There were always changing troops stationed in the camp. However, the military training area proved too small for large units and was therefore expanded by 1,480 hectares in 1938. In addition to the use of land from the neighboring communities of Höllrich and Obereschenbach , this meant the dissolution of the communities of Bonnland and Hundsfeld , whose area fell fully into the expansion area. The 280 and 550 residents of these localities were resettled and were offered for sale as a replacement for their properties, mainly in the municipality of Wässerndorf near Marktbreit and in the Rothof district of the municipality of Rottendorf near Würzburg. The building stock of Bonnland was preserved by the military administration and used as accommodation for the troops; the houses in Hundsfeld, however, were left to decay.
Between 1935 and 1938 further accommodation buildings were built between the north and south camps. Between 1936 and 1938, 14 new company buildings were built in the north camp under the direction of Heeresbaurat Wolfram. There was also an outdoor pool and sports field. In 1938 the training area was divided into four main training rooms so that several infantry and artillery units could practice at the same time.
In the run-up to the Second World War, the Munich War School and parts of the Dresden Aviation School as well as the Flak Regiment 4 were stationed at the military training area. From September 1939 to March 1941, parts of the 82nd , 95th and 99th Infantry Divisions were set up in Camp North . Colonel Richard Hoppe was in command of the military training area and senior officer. He shot himself on April 7, 1945 in the west camp Bernreuth near Auerbach in Upper Palatinate on the edge of the Grafenwöhr military training area.
On September 21, 1943, the municipalities of Bonnland ( Karlstadt district ) and Hundsfeld ( Hammelburg district ) were officially dissolved. Your area was incorporated into the Hammelburg Army Estate.
POW camp in World War II
The camp south was on July 11, 1940 as the location for the POW camp of the XIII. Army Corps determined. Belgian and French prisoners of war from the Western campaign and later Yugoslav , Polish , Soviet , Italian and American prisoners were housed in the so-called main camp XIII C (Stalag XIII C) . In addition to Stalag XIII C, there was officers camp XIII B (Oflag XIII B). The camp commandant was Major General Günther von Goeckel . Two companies of the 828th Landess Rifle Battalion were responsible for guarding the total of around 30,000 prisoners of war . While, as in the First World War, the ranks in industry and in agriculture and forestry came to work, the officers were exempt.
A large proportion of the prisoners of war were the Red Army soldiers , 3,000 of whom were permanently in the north camp. For a few weeks, the most prominent prisoners also included Stalin's eldest son Jakow Dschugaschwili , who was shot in Sachsenhausen concentration camp on April 14, 1943 , and General Patton's son-in-law John K. Waters in the spring of 1945 .
Many prisoners of war died. 35 Poles, 50 Russians and 73 Yugoslavs were buried in the cemetery on Hundsfelder Strasse. The number of prisoners of war from western nations who were buried there is not known as they were transferred to their homeland after the war. The Soviet soldiers took most of the prisoners, but that was not the only reason why the number of those who died was the highest in absolute and relative terms. 2,987 of them were buried in the Am Felschen cemetery. The number of victims among the Soviet soldiers was also higher than that of all others due to the consequences of the so-called Commissar's order . According to the guidelines for the segregation of civilians and suspected prisoners of war of the Eastern campaign in the prisoner of war camps in the occupied area, in the operational area, in the general government and in the camps in the Reich area , the camps with Soviet prisoners were made up of "politically intolerable elements" by task forces of the security police and the SD to "clean". Above all, this meant the political commissars in the Red Army and all Jews. After formal release from captivity and handover to the Gestapo , around 2,000 people from Oflag XIII B and Stalag XIII C as well as from the team prisoner-of-war camp Nuremberg-Langwasser were taken to the Dachau concentration camp and executed at the neighboring SS shooting range in Hebertshausen . Leader of the SS commandos of the Gestapo Headquarters in Nuremberg Oflag XIII B was from November 1941 obersturmführer Paul Ohler . In an interrogation as a witness in the Nuremberg follow -up trial case 12 ( OKW trial ) against Hermann Reinecke , the chief of the OKW's management staff and responsible for the prisoner-of-war system on February 13, 1948, he described the course of events. Then the men of the Einsatzkommando recruited stewards among the Soviet prisoners. This
"... then announced to the officials who among the prisoners of war are commissioners or politruks , etc. ... The prisoners of war, who were then named, were questioned. Witnesses were also heard. If the person in question has denied or denied having been a commissioner, then there had to be at least two witnesses to confirm it. If this was not the case ... then the prisoner of war in question remained unmolested. ... When so many people were selected that one could lower a transport, then the people were reported to the chief of the security police and the SD . From there the order came that the people were to be transferred to the Dachau concentration camp. … On arrival in Dachau, the people were handed over to a command leader of the SS… taken to the shooting range and shot there on the occasion or orders of the chief of the security police. "
On January 11, 1945, a separate department in Oflag XIII B was set up for around 300 US officers. They were captured during the Battle of the Bulge from December 16-22, 1944. The total occupancy was on March 25, 1945 1291 officers and 127 NCOs and men. Of these, 423 officers and 64 NCOs came from the evacuated Oflag 64 in Schuben .
Task Force Tree
On March 22, 1945, the 3rd US Army under General George S. Patton crossed the Rhine near Oppenheim and had advanced to Aschaffenburg by March 24, 1945 . Ostensibly as a diversionary maneuver for the planned main thrust north towards Frankfurt am Main , Patton ordered a special mission to the east, the Hammelburg commando . The aim was to reach Oflag XIII B, about 80 kilometers away, and to free the captured Allied officers. These included Patton's son-in-law, who was relocated to Hammelburg in early March 1945 after Oflag 64 was dissolved. Captain Abraham Baum, after whom the unit was named Task Force Baum, was appointed as its leader and who on March 27, 1945 with 294 men and 53 vehicles, including 15 tanks, broke through the weak German lines near Schweinheim and advanced east. With considerable losses, the association fought its way through Lohr a. M. , Gemünden, Burgsinn and Graefendorf to the Hammelburg camp, which was reached towards evening. The oflag was taken after the German resistance had been overcome. Lieutenant-Colonel John K. Waters was shot and seriously wounded by a German guard. Instead of the expected 600 American prisoners, however, there were 1,500 prisoners there, who were unable to transport them to the Allied lines. During the retreat on March 28, 1945, Task Force Baum was put together by hastily drawn together German units including Panzerjägerabteilung 251 under Captain Heinrich Köhl with agitators near the Reussenberger Hof on the grounds of the military training area and forced to surrender. Of 294 men, only six were able to get through to their own associations. The rest including the Wounded Baum and Waters were briefly imprisoned; the unsuccessful operation cost the lives of around 25 American soldiers.
The end of the war and the liquidation of the camp
After the failure of Task Force Baum and the nearer front, the prisoner-of-war camps were largely evacuated. The inmates of Oflag XIII B came to Nuremberg-Langwasser by rail . The Soviet prisoners from Stalag XIII C were also put on the march to Nuremberg. In the Hammelburg camp, in addition to 80 American prisoners, only a few hundred Serbian, Soviet, Polish prisoners of war and Italian military internees who were no longer able to march were left unattended.
On April 5, 1945, the military training area command post to Grafenwoehr . The next day the American 47th Tank Battalion under Lieutenant-Colonel James W. Lann was able to take the camp without a fight.
Hammelburg camp as an American garrison
The camp administration was taken over by American supply units, which, however, did not ensure the supply of the remaining camp inmates. The former prisoners therefore plundered the surrounding villages with the official permission of the new camp rule. These conditions lasted until the end of the war on May 8, 1945 or with the repatriation of the last prisoners of war.
Internment camp for former NSDAP members
For former members of the NSDAP and its branches, the American Counter Intelligence Corps (CIC) set up an internment camp in June 1945, CIC Camp No. 9 in the Hammelburg camp, which was led by a "camp inspector". Party members were concentrated in the main camp, the former Oflag XIII B and the area of the later Saaleck barracks, members of the Wehrmacht with party membership were housed in the south camp and a separate camp was provided for members of the SS . The food for the internees came initially from Caritas , as the CIC limited itself to guarding the camp. At the end of July 1945 the camp, designed for 5,000 internees, was completely overcrowded with around 6,000 prisoners. Survival could only be ensured through the initiative of the internees, who grew potatoes and vegetables on the camp grounds and the food parcels of their relatives. Later, the Hammelburg District Office took over the organization of the supply.
The inmates convicted as followers by the ruling chambers were able to serve their labor camp sentence in the Hammelburg internment camp. Through self-help of the camp inmates, meaningful professional and intellectual further education was made possible in addition to the work assignments.
When the denazification procedures were handed over to the German authorities at the end of April 1948, the Hammelburg internment camp was also dissolved.
Government refugee camp
Part of the north camp was separated in 1947 and set up to accommodate refugees in order to relieve the existing refugee camps in Bavaria. In October 1948 the camp was occupied by an average of 2000 residents who were housed in mass accommodation and barracks. The refugee camp was the second largest in Bavaria. After the expellees from the former East German territories, an increasing number of people who had fled the Soviet occupation zone (SBZ) found acceptance from 1949 onwards .
Most of the camp residents could not find work and were dependent on government institutions and Caritas. Jobs were only found later in the wider area such as Frankfurt am Main and Nuremberg . In 1958 the camp was closed.
The US troops merged the headquarters and the south camp under the name "Camp Denny T. Clark". The units stationed there changed repeatedly. The 22nd Constabulary Squadron took over the protection of a zone border section to the Soviet zone . In October 1946, a supply unit and a driving school came to the camp.
Bonnland was repopulated by the Bavarian State Settlement with refugees and displaced persons. Karl Heunisch was appointed acting mayor. The restoration of the buildings in need of repair and the processing of the fallow arable land were initiated. Resettlement was initially no longer permitted for Hundsfeld due to its more central location in the training area. The village was finally given up for demolition. The new residents of Bonnland and also the residents of the surrounding villages supplied themselves there with the urgently needed building materials.
On April 1, 1949, the Bonnland community was restored. It was assigned to the Karlstadt district (today Main-Spessart ). The area of the former Hundsfeld community remained community-free.
Plans to enlarge the military training area
New war threats in the Far East prompted the US troops to intensify their training activities, which led to the need for larger training areas. The Blank Office , the forerunner of what would later become the Federal Ministry of Defense , offered the American occupation troops, in addition to four other areas, the Hammelburg military training area. On May 31, 1951, the Blank office informed the Bavarian state government that the Hammelburg military training area had been proposed and accepted. Initial plans envisaged an expansion of the practice area from 3872 hectares to four times its size. Seven communities with 5,463 residents were to be evacuated. It was planned to transfer 6,900 hectares of agricultural land from 19 other municipalities in five districts. Only the massive resistance of the affected population and the political support, especially by Maria Probst , member of the German Bundestag , ultimately led to the decision to abandon the expansion plan. The exercise area requirement was then met by expanding the Hohenfels training area.
Takeover by the Bundeswehr
With the relocation of the 322nd Tank Battalion to Schweinfurt in 1956 , the last American unit left the Hammelburg camp. In March 1956, the military training area passed into the hands of the Federal Property Administration . The training area and camp were taken over by the newly founded Bundeswehr as a territorial defense facility and placed under the Military District Command VI (Munich). A site administration was set up under the direction of government official Otto Hofmann , which prepared the southern camp for a new troop allocation. An advance detachment under Lieutenant Colonel Werner Ziegler began its work on April 1, 1956. A grenadier training battalion and the staff of the infantry school were set up as the first units . The infantry school began operations on July 1, 1956 under the first commander, Colonel Weller. During the development phase of the Bundeswehr from 1956 to 1962, your task was to develop the basics for infantry training and to carry out career courses for officers and NCOs. Lieutenant Colonel Werner Ziegler took over the camp and the training area from the US camp commandant Lieutenant-Colonel Walter S. Davies on June 6, 1956, as commander of the grenadier training battalion and site elder.
On July 1, 1960, the formation of the 35th Panzer Grenadier Brigade began under the command of Colonel Hückelheim, whose cadre association was subordinate to the infantry school.
Another resettlement of Bonnland and Hundsfeld
When the military training area was restarted by the Bundeswehr in 1956, the lease agreements with the farmers were largely terminated. In this year alone, six Bonnländer and four Hundsfeld farms were relocated. On September 29, 1958, the Ministry of Defense decided to clear Bonnland on a voluntary basis. At that time, 200 residents had settled there again. Bonnland was relocated for the second time. The last inhabitants had to leave the village on January 14, 1965, which has since been used as a practice village for local combat training. In the course of the regional reform in 1972 Bonnland was incorporated into the newly formed Bad Kissingen district.
In Hundsfeld, too, contrary to the original intention, resettlement by refugee families began in 1950. Of the 40 announced settlement sites, only four were established in 1954. These too had to be evacuated by 1958. The ruins of the parish church were blown up in 1960 and the five new buildings built in 1953 were expanded into a local arena in February 1962.
Further development
In 1963 the infantry school was renamed "Combat Troop School I". The terms north and south camps were replaced by the terms "Saaleck barracks" and "barracks infantry school" after the extension buildings in the northern area were built between 1958 and 1965.
The third army structure in 1968 led to the subordination of the territorial army to the inspector of the army . The military training area, which had been subordinate to Military District Command VI in Munich until then, was incorporated into Combat Troop School I as a "Group Troop Training Area". A uniform concept had to be developed for common organizational, leadership and training principles for the field and territorial armies. a. the establishment of Jäger- instead of Panzergrenadier divisions with it. The task of Combat Troop School I was to develop a hunter concept for the 1970s. The training concentrated entirely on the hunter troop , so that the mortar training was given in 1968 to the combat troop school II in Munster .
With the fourth army structure , the lone fighter training was transferred to the air landing and air transport school Schongau . For this, the mortar training came back to Hammelburg.
The fifth army structure took into account the reduction in troops to 370,000 soldiers associated with German reunification . The Combat Troop School I was renamed the Infantry School again, where only the military-specific training of officers and NCOs takes place.
In June 1994, the Hammelburg Infantry School was designated as a UN training center for the German Armed Forces. By the end of 1999, 45,000 soldiers had already completed the United Nations training, which was specially designed for foreign missions . The UN training center officially went into service on October 27, 1999 as an independent part of the infantry school.
To accommodate the numerous troops using the training area, a separate “camp for exercising troops” was built south of the infantry school by July 1, 1977, and was named “ General Heusinger Barracks” in 1986 . From 1989 to 1991 it served barracks as a transit camp for hundreds of DDR - refugees .
In 1974/75 the forest combat track "Müllerschlag" was created for mechanized units. The military training area has 19 shooting ranges for infantry training up to company strength with all infantry weapons including 120 mm mortars and 20 mm machine guns. The special training facilities also include two systems for property protection, an all-terrain driving school track, an obstacle course, hand grenade launch sites, a blasting area and areas for the construction of field fortifications.
In addition to military use, the military training area is also used by civil institutions such as the police , the German Red Cross , the technical relief organization and the voluntary fire brigade .
With the takeover of the Wildflecken military training area by the German Armed Forces after the US troops withdrew in 1994, it was organizationally merged with the Hammelburg military training area as the "Hammelburg-Wildflecken training hub". The Hammelburg part is now known as the "Wildflecken military training area Hammelburg".
Since January 1, 2015, the Hammelburg military training area has been subordinate to the South Military Training Area Command in Wildflecken and has its own command post.
Commanders of the military training area
- 1895–1901: Major General Eugen Gullmann
- 1901–1903: Major General von Oelhafen
- 1903–1908: Major General Baron von Waldenfels
- 1908–1914: Major General Abbot
- 1914–1921: Major General Etzel
- 1935–1936: Lieutenant Colonel Hoffmann
- 1936–1938: Lieutenant Colonel Fleischhauer
- 1938–1942: Lieutenant Colonel Pflugbeil
- 1942–1943: Colonel Witte
- 1943–1945: Colonel Richard Hoppe
- 1956–1958: Captain Ernst Wagner
- 1958–1962: Major Kurt Berisch
- June 1, 1962 – March 1966: Lieutenant Colonel Ferdinand Mainzinger
- April 1, 1966 – October 1968: Lieutenant Colonel Hans Braun
- 1968–1969: Captain Ludwig Strunz
- November 1, 1969 – August 1980: Lieutenant Colonel Conrad Weberpals
- September 22, 1980 - September 1989: Lieutenant Colonel Ortwin Luckhard
- October 1, 1989-31. March 1992: Lieutenant Colonel Helmut Füß
- April 1, 1992-31. March 1996: Captain Dietmar Feist
- April 1, 1996– July 31, 2001: Captain Johann Bschor
On August 1, 2001, the Hammelburg military training area was subordinated to the WILDFLECKEN military training area. New name: Military training area, commandant's WILDFLECKEN branch, HAMMELBURG
- 2001–2005: Lieutenant Colonel Manfred Sika
- 2005–2011: Lieutenant Colonel Hans-Joachim Gerlein
- July 2011–12. November 2013: Lieutenant Colonel Roland Reckziegel
- November 12, 2013 - December 31, 2014: Lieutenant Colonel Uwe Weinrauter
- since January 1, 2015: Major Carsten Kobiger
natural reserve
Most of the Hammelburg military training area was established in 2000 as the fauna-flora-habitat area of the Hammelburg military training area (FFH No. 5925-301; WDPA No. 555537713) - and the bird sanctuary for the Hammelburg military training area (FFH No. 5925-301 ; WDPA No. 555579355). In terms of area, beech and oak forests as well as dry limestone grasslands with occurrences of bats, woodpecker species, woodlark and red-backed shrike are important .
List of architectural monuments
- Building no.18. Former military inn , Art Nouveau style , 1912
- Building no.27. Site administration, Art Nouveau, around 1910
- Building no.45.Former telephone exchange, Art Nouveau, around 1910
- Building no.66.Former officers' house , Art Nouveau, around 1910
- Building No. 79. Former General House, Art Nouveau, around 1910
- Military cemetery, with grave monuments around 1918
- Russian cemetery; Wayside shrine, 1699; Cross tug, late 18th century
- Hundsfeld village desert from the Middle Ages and modern times
- Greifenstein Castle in Bonnland as well as underground parts of existing buildings and foundations of abandoned buildings of the early modern Greifenstein Castle
- Evangelical Church Parish Church, Chorturmkirche, Chorturm 13th century, nave 1685, sacristy 16th century; late medieval Kirchgaden , underground parts of the late medieval to early modern former Evangelical-Lutheran parish church in Bonnland as well as body graves from the Middle Ages and modern times
- Reußenberg ruins , Ganerbeburg , built in 1333, destroyed in the peasant wars
literature
- View of the Hammelburg garrison and Wildflecken. Kodex-Verlag, Stuttgart 1969.
- August Keßler: Bonnland. Once the pearl of the brook bottom. Self-published, Seinsheim 1982.
- Eugen Schmitt: Hundsfeld, your story is over. 2 volumes. Self-published, Augsburg 1985–1987.
- Andrea Waidlein (Red.): Admission, integration and work of the expellees in the Bad Kissingen district after 1945. District office, Bad Kissingen 1988. Refugees and expellees in the district of Bad Kissingen.
- Günther Liepert: Oh Maria hilf - expansion of the Hammelburg military training area 1951. In: Yearbook of the Arnsteiner Heimatkunde Verein. 1994, ZDB -ID 1204131-2 , pp. 167-186.
- Friends of the Hammelburg military training area (ed.): 100 years of Hammelburg military training area. 1895-1995. A review. Hammelburg Infantry School - Fachmedienzentrum, Hammelburg 1995.
- Josef Kirchner: Garrison town Hammelburg. Military training area and camp 1895–1995. Kaiser, Hammelburg 1995.
- Wilhelm Ortmann: Bonnland. A small village with a great history. Self-published, Euerdorf 1995.
- Hanns-Helmut Schnebel : On the history of the Hammelburg military training area and its military use. In: Mainfränkisches Jahrbuch für Geschichte und Kunst. Vol. 47, 1995, ISSN 0076-2725 , pp. 50-78.
- Hanns-Helmut Schnebel: The Infantry School of the Bundeswehr in Hammelburg (1956-2006). In: Mainfränkisches Jahrbuch für Geschichte und Kunst. Vol. 58, 2006, pp. 204-215.
- Peter Domes, Martin Heinlein: Alarm! The spearhead is coming! Hofmann, Gemünden am Main 2008, ISBN 978-3-932737-07-7 .
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b Wilhelm Volkert (Ed.): Handbook of the Bavarian offices, communities and courts 1799–1980 . CH Beck, Munich 1983, ISBN 3-406-09669-7 , p. 478 .
- ↑ Guidelines for the Treatment of Political Commissars of the OKW of June 6, 1941, Annex to the OKW / WFSt / Dept. L IV / Qu No. 44822 gk Chefs dated June 6, 1941, Doc.NOKW 1076
- ↑ Appendix 1 to Operation Order No. 8 of the Chief of the Security Police and SD of July 17, 1941, Nbg. Doc.NO-3414, quoted from Broszat, Jacobsen, Krausnick Anatomie des SS-Staates Volume II, Munich 1989, ISBN 3-423-02916-1 , p. 200 ff.
- ↑ Archived copy ( Memento of the original from April 5, 2009 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. and Otto, Reinhard: The Gestapo and the Soviet prisoners of war - the example of the Nuremberg-Fürth Stapo office. In: Gerhard Paul, Klaus-Michael Mallmann (ed.): The Gestapo in the Second World War . Darmstadt 2000, ISBN 3-89678-188-X
- ^ Document PR 582 ff. IMT case XII, copy of the Institute for Contemporary History Munich, quoted from Broszat, Jacobsen, Krausnick Anatomie des SS- Staates Volume II, Munich 1989, ISBN 3-423-02916-1 , pp. 226–228 .
- ↑ Archived copy ( Memento of the original from May 10, 2012 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- Jump up ↑ Richard Baron, Abe Baum, Richard Goldhurst commando company Hammelburg 1945 - General Patton's lost victory , Frankfurt a. M./Berlin 1987, ISBN 3-548-33082-7 , p. 286
- ^ Seipp, Adam R.,: Strangers in the wild place: refugees, Americans, and a German town, 1945-1952 . Indiana University Press, Bloomington 2013, ISBN 978-0-253-00707-0 , pp. 201-210 .
- ↑ Standard data sheet for the Natura 2000 area 5925-301 Hammelburg military training area
- ↑ Elsner, Otto: Nature conservation basic part of the FFH management plan for the Hammelburg military training area (5925-301) - final report as of January 1, 2012
- ↑ Archived copy ( Memento of the original from May 15, 2010 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
North area: Bergen | Munster North | Munster South | Nordhorn (L / BSchlPl) | Senne | Putlos
East area: Altengrabow | Altmark | Jägerbrück | Klietz | Upper Lusatia
South area: Baumholder | Grafenwohr | Hammelburg | Heuberg | Hohenfels | Wild spots
Coordinates: 50 ° 5 ′ 31.1 ″ N , 9 ° 54 ′ 12.4 ″ E