Tołkiny

Tołkiny
	Tołkiny
Basic data
State :	Poland
Voivodeship :	Warmia-Masuria
Powiat :	Kętrzyn
Gmina :	Korsze
Geographic location :	54 ° 6 '  N , 21 ° 13'  E Coordinates: 54 ° 6 '30 "  N , 21 ° 13' 13"  E
Residents :	136 (2010)
Postal code :	11-430
Telephone code :	(+48) 89
License plate :	NKE
Economy and Transport
Street :	( Gudziki -) Dzikowina / ext. 592 ↔ Babieniec - Worpławki / ext. 590 (- Reszel )
	Linkowo - Starynia → Tołkiny
	Chmielnik / ext. 592 → Tołkiny
Rail route :	Białystok – Ełk – Korsze
Next international airport :	Danzig

Tołkiny ( German  Tolkynen , until 1945 Tolksdorf ) is a village in Poland , in the Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship . It belongs to the Gmina Korsze ( urban and rural municipality Korschen ) in the powiat Kętrzyński ( Rastenburg district ).

Geographical location

Tołkiny

Tołkiny is located in north-eastern Poland, about 25 kilometers south of the state border with the Russian Kaliningrad Oblast . Neighboring villages are Chmielnik in the northwest , Starynia in the east and Babieniec in the southwest . To the district town of Kętrzyn ( German  Rastenburg ) it is ten kilometers in a southeast direction.

history

Local history

The first documented mentions of today's Tołkiny come from the years 1419 and 1440. At the turn of the 14th and 15th centuries, the church was built on a hill, which, among other things, served defensive purposes. In 1650 the castle was redesigned in the baroque style by Georg Müller . In 1818 the village consisted of a total of 23 residential buildings. This also included two forest houses and the Vorwerk buildings . In 1830, the palace was rebuilt again in the late Classicist style. In 1867 Tolksdorf got a rail connection with the East Prussian Southern Railway.

On 30 April 1874 Tolksdorf office Village was and eponymous for a District , which existed until 1945 and the county Rastenburg in the administrative district of Konigsberg the Prussian province of East Prussia belonged.

At the end of the Second World War , Tołkiny was declared a fortress and defended by around 60 German Volkssturm men under the orders of a captain. They were armed with carbines and bazookas. The castle did not survive the war, only parts of the cellar have been preserved. As a result of the war, Tolksdorf became part of Poland as Tołkiny . In 1970 there was a kindergarten, an eight-grade elementary school, an agricultural school and a library point here. In 1973 the village became part of the Gmina Korsze (Korschen) in the powiat Kętrzyński ( Rastenburg district ), until 1998 of the Olsztyn Voivodeship , since then it has belonged to the Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship .

Population numbers

The following is a graphic representation of the population development.

Tolksdorf District (1874–1945)

The Tolksdorf district consisted of five places when it was established in 1874. In the end, due to restructuring, there were three more:

German name	Polish name	Remarks
Babziens	Babieniec
Henriettenhof	Chmielnik	1928 incorporated into Schönfließ
Junkerken	Jutrkowo	1938 incorporated into Babziens
Schönfließ	Kraskovo
Tolksdorf	Tołkiny
from 1901: Plötnick	Płutniki	until 1901 Lamgarben district , from 1928 to the rural community of Tolksdorf

On January 1, 1945, only the municipalities of Babziens, Schönfließ and Tolksdorf formed the Tolksdorf district.

church

→ Main article : Church of Our Lady of the Dawn Gate (Tołkiny)

Church building

Tołkiny Church

Tołkiny Church was built at the turn of the 14th and 15th centuries. The nave is completely made up, the tower partly made of field stones . The church tower was completed around 1500. In the 19th century, the wooden structure of the upper floors was replaced by arched brick panels. The altar of the church was made between 1604 and 1607. In 1675 the altar was restored by Michel Großmann . In the interior of the church, which is covered with a flat wooden ceiling, there is a memorial plaque for Heinrich Graf zu Dohna-Schlobitten , which was donated by his children in 1994. The granite font dates from the 15th century.

Church / parish

Evangelical

The church in Tolksdorf was built in the pre-Reformation period. After the introduction of the Reformation it was Protestant and belonged with the sister church in Schönfließ ( Polish: Kraskowo ) to the parish of Lamgarben (Garbno) , and later until 1945 to the joint parish of Schönfließ-Tolksdorf, based in Schönfließ. Both churches - they counted 1520 parishioners together in 1925 - were incorporated into the church district of Rastenburg (Kętrzyn) in the church province of East Prussia of the Church of the Old Prussian Union .

Flight and expulsion of the local population put an end to the life of the Protestant community. Protestant church members living here today belong to the parish in Kętrzyn within the Masurian diocese of the Evangelical-Augsburg Church in Poland .

Catholic

After 1945, the number of Catholics living in the Tołkiny area rose sharply due to Polish new settlers. They claimed the village's previously evangelical church for themselves. The church was named "Mother of God of the Gate of Dawn " and is today a branch church of the parish in Garbno in the Archdiocese of Warmia .

traffic

Street

The train station

The village is about two kilometers south of the provincial road 592 , to which a side road leads. The road in a south-westerly direction leads through Babieniec ( German  Babziens ) and Worpławki (Worplack) and joins Voivodeship Road 590 after about six kilometers . Coming from the region, two streets end in Tołkiny.

rail

The Tołkiny railway station is located about 1.5 kilometers northeast of the actual village. It lies on the route of Białystok about Elk (Lyck) after Korsze (Korschen) .

air

The geographically closest international airport is Kaliningrad Airport , which is about 100 kilometers northwest on Russian territory, and is therefore hardly usable. On Polish territory, it is Gdansk Lech Walesa Airport, about 180 kilometers to the west .

Personalities

Native of the place

• Heinrich Gustav von Borcke (born May 2, 1829 in Tolksdorf), Prussian landowner and member of the manor house († 1916)

Connected to the place

• Heinrich Graf zu Dohna-Schlobitten , sometimes also: Graf zu Dohna-Tolksdorf (1882–1944), lord of the manor at Tolksdorf. He was involved in the assassination attempt of July 20, 1944 on Adolf Hitler, had left the Baltic State Army in autumn 1919 and took over work in East Prussia. After his father-in-law died, he took over the estate in Tolksdorf. When the Second World War broke out , he rejoined the army , but took his leave in 1943 and returned to Tolksdorf. After the failed assassination attempt, he was arrested and executed. His wife Maria-Agnes from the family v. Borcke , who had lived here since 1772, was taken to the Ravensbrück concentration camp , which she survived.

literature

• Tadeusz Swat: Dzieje Wsi . In: Aniela Bałanda and others: Kętrzyn. Z dziejów miasta i okolic . Pojezierze, Olsztyn 1978, p. 209 (Seria monografii miast Warmii i Mazur) .

Web links

Commons : Tołkiny  - collection of images, videos and audio files

• Current and historical photos of Tołkiny / Tolksdorf

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Polish Postal Code Directory 2013, p. 1292
2. ↑ ^{a b} Swat 1978, pp. 236-237
3. ↑ ^{a b c} Gut Tolksdorf at ostpreussen.net
4. ^ ^{A b} Rolf Jehke, Tolksdorf District
5. ↑ January / February 1945
6. ↑ Heinz Werner Hübner, Seventy Days to Pillau - PART 5 , The Time 12/1995
7. ↑ szkoła przysposobienia rolniczego
8. ↑ The number for 1818 includes both the Vorwerk and two Waldhäuser
   sources for 1818, May 1939 and 1970: Swat 1978, p. 237
   For 1933: Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. Rastenburg district (Polish. Ketrzyn). (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006). 
9. ↑ The Church in Tołkiny - Tolksdorf at ostpreussen.net
10. ↑ Walther Hubatsch , History of the Protestant Church in East Prussia , Volume 3 Documents , Göttingne 1968, p. 474
11. ^ Parafia Garbno in the Archdiocese of Warmia