Untereschenbach (Windsbach)

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Untereschenbach
City of Windsbach
Coat of arms of Untereschenbach
Coordinates: 49 ° 13 ′ 46 ″  N , 10 ° 51 ′ 32 ″  E
Height : 373  (373-388)  m above sea level NHN
Area : 4.57 km²
Residents : 140  (May 25 1987)
Population density : 31 inhabitants / km²
Incorporation : July 1, 1972
Postal code : 91575
Area code : 09871
Place view
Place view
St. Nicholas Church
Fire station
Half-timbered barn
Atonement Cross

Untereschenbach is a district of the town of Windsbach in the district of Ansbach in Middle Franconia .

geography

The church village lies on the Franconian Rezat and the Erlbach, which flows into the Rezat as a right tributary. Approx. 0.5 km north to rising Goldberg of about 1 km west Hengelberg and approximately 1 km east of Brother Mountain . At 372  m above sea level NHN Höhenlage, Untereschenbach is the lowest place in the political municipality of Windsbach.

The national road 2223 leads to Elpersdorf (1,9 km northwest) or after Wassermungenau to Federal Highway 466 (2.5 km south-east). Communal roads lead to Hergersbach (2.6 km northeast), the district road AN 59 crossing to the B 466 at Thonhof (3 km south) and to Winkelhaid to the AN 59 (2.2 km southwest).

history

The place was first mentioned in 1310 under the name "Niederneschenbach", when the Heilsbronn monastery acquired a property there. In the Urbar of Windsbacher office of burgrave Nuremberg (1361/64) three subjects listed for Untereschenbach. In the period that followed, the monastery acquired other goods and slopes.

In the books of the Eichstatt collegiate monastery St. Nikolaus zu Spalt from 1380 and 1517, Untereschenbach each had a subject family subject to tax. In the Salbuch in Eichstätt, which was created in 1407, only taxes from "rewt Eckern von holtz" were recorded for the place, which were subordinate to the Hochstift Eichstätt . In 1529, 8 subject families were subordinate to the main Hergersbach team in the imperial city of Nuremberg .

At the beginning of the 15th century, the St. Nicholas Church was built on a mountain spur as a fortified church with an associated cemetery.

In the 16-point report of the Oberamt Windsbach from 1608, 20 teams were recorded for Untereschenbach: 1 mill, 7 farms and 3 estates were subordinate to the imperial city of Nuremberg , 2 estates to the caste office Windsbach , 1 mill, 1 yard and 1 estate to the now Brandenburg -ansbach administration office Merkendorf , 1 estate to the Abenberg caste office , 1 estate to the Spalt caste office , 1 estate of the church maintenance department in Untereschenbach, 1 yard to the Schwabach hospital . There was also a communal shepherd's house. The high court exercised the Brandenburg-Ansbach caste and city bailiff's office in Windsbach .

In the Thirty Years' War the place and the church were destroyed, including the three properties of the monastery. In the official description of the Lichtenau Nursing Office from 1748, 20 subject families are specified for the place, 10 of which were subordinate to the Nursing Office and 10 foreign masters.

At the end of the 18th century there were 21 properties in Untereschenbach. The high court and the village and community rulership continued to be exercised by the caste and city bailiff's office in Windsbach. The landlords were the Principality of Ansbach (Kastenamt Windsbach: 1 Halbhof, 1 Zappfenwirtschafts-Gütlein, 2 empty houses , 1 forge; Merkendorf administrator: 1 Mahlmühl-Halbhof, 2 half- courtyards ; Kastenamt Schwabach : 1 whole courtyard), the imperial city of Nuremberg ( Spital and Katharinenklosteramt : 2 whole courtyards, 1 three-quarter courtyard, 1 Köblergut, 2 empty houses, 1 grinding and sawmill; Landesalmosenamt: 1 three-quarter courtyard ; Spitalamt Hl. Geist : 1 Dreiviertelhof; Siechenkobelstiftung St. Jobst: 1 whole courtyard) and the Eichstätt monastery (Kastenamt Spalt: 1 half courtyard; Box office Abenberg: 1 Köblergut). In addition to the property, there were also communal (shepherd's house) and ecclesiastical buildings (branch church). From 1797 to 1808 the place was under the Justice and Chamber Office Windsbach . At that time there were 23 subject families, 9 of which were Ansbachian.

In 1806 Untereschenbach came to the Kingdom of Bavaria . As part of the community edict, Untereschenbach was assigned to the Wassermungenau tax district, which was formed in 1808 . It belonged to the rural community Wassermungenau, founded in 1810 . With the second community edict (1818) Untereschenbach broke away from Wassermungenau and formed a rural community. It was subject to the Heilsbronn Regional Court in administration and jurisdiction and the Windsbach Rent Office in the financial administration . From 1862 to 1879 Untereschenbach was administered by the Heilsbronn district office, since 1880 by the Schwabach district office (renamed the Schwabach district in 1938 ) and the Spalt rent office (1920–1932: Spalt tax office , from 1932: Schwabach tax office ). Jurisdiction remained with the Heilsbronn District Court until 1879, and with the Roth District Court from 1880 . The municipality had an area of ​​4,568 km². In the course of the regional reform , this was incorporated into Windsbach on July 1, 1972 and thus came from the Schwabach district to the Ansbach district.

Soil and architectural monuments

  • On the eastern outskirts of Untereschenbach, ceramics from the Urnfield period were found in a sand pit .
  • House No. 9: former mill, two-story building with a pitched roof, half-timbered upper floor plastered, 16th / 17th century. century
  • House No. 11: stable house, single-storey sandstone block building with pitched roof, late 18th century
  • House No. 28: former sawmill and grain mill, two-storey saddle roof building, plastered half-timbered upper floor, 17th century, with wooden grinders partly 18th century; Stable building, former horse stable, single-storey saddle roof construction, sandstone cuboid, probably 18th century; Cuboid brook supply line at the Mühlteich, 18./19. century
  • Evangelical Lutheran Church of St. Nikolaus, a choir tower church from the 14th century, modified in the 17th century, choir tower with pointed helmet; with equipment; former churchyard fortifications, with stone walls and medieval tombstones from the 20th century
  • Barn, single-storey saddle roof building, half-timbering, probably 17th century
  • On the road from Untereschenbach to Hergersbach there is an atonement cross with a swastika . There, around 1450, two shepherds are said to have quarreled and killed each other.

See also: → List of architectural monuments in Windsbach # Untereschenbach

Population development

year 1818 1840 1852 1855 1861 1867 1871 1875 1880 1885 1890 1895 1900 1905 1910 1919 1925 1933 1939 1946 1950 1952 1961 1970 1987
Residents 102 157 167 172 190 182 165 162 166 159 157 154 165 154 158 143 139 126 136 201 187 155 159 171 140
Houses 17th 26th 27 30th 29 27 26th 32 37
source

coat of arms

Easter fountain

In a resolution of April 6, 1957, the Bavarian State Ministry of the Inner Untereschenbach approved a municipal coat of arms. The blazon reads: In silver two red sloping beams with a rooted six-leaf black ash .

religion

The place has been predominantly Protestant since the Reformation. The residents of the Evangelical Lutheran denomination are parish according to St. Andreas (Wassermungenau) , the residents of the Roman Catholic denomination according to St. Bonifatius (Windsbach) .

literature

Web links

Commons : Untereschenbach  - Collection of images, videos and audio files
Wikisource: Unter-Eschenbach , in: Georg Muck: History of Heilsbronn Monastery , Volume 2  - Sources and full texts

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Bavarian State Office for Statistics and Data Processing (Ed.): Official local directory for Bavaria, territorial status: May 25, 1987 . Issue 450 of the articles on Bavaria's statistics. Munich November 1991, DNB  94240937X , p. 333 ( digitized version ).
  2. ↑ Untereschenbach in the Bavaria Atlas
  3. ↑ G. Muck, Vol. 1, p. 88.
  4. ↑ M. Jehle, Vol. 1, p. 501.
  5. ↑ a b G. Muck, Vol. 2, p. 444.
  6. ↑ F. Eigler, p. 113.
  7. ↑ F. Eigler, p. 129.
  8. ↑ F. Eigler, p. 347.
  9. ↑ K. Dunz, p. 282.
  10. ↑ Staatsarchiv Nürnberg , 16-Punkt -berichte 43/1, 12. Quoted from M. Jehle, Vol. 2, p. 733.
    The property is also mentioned in the Salbuch of the Spalter Kollegiatstiftes from 1619 for Untereschenbach. F. Eigler, p. 114.
  11. ↑ M. Jehle, Vol. 2, p. 748.
  12. ↑ M. Jehle, Vol. 2, pp. 917f. = F. Eigler, p. 426.
  13. ^ Johann Bernhard Fischer : Untereschenbach . In: Statistical and topographical description of the Burggraftum Nürnberg, below the mountain, or the Principality of Brandenburg-Anspach. Second part. Containing the economic, statistical and moral condition of these countries according to the fifteen upper offices . Benedict Friedrich Haueisen, Ansbach 1790, p. 409 ( digitized version ).
  14. ↑ JK Bundschuh, Vol. 5, Col. 625: “Unterschenbach, a branch church village in the Fraisch district of the Ansbach Oberamt Windsbach, one and a half hours west of Abenberg, of 23 subjects, two of which are Eichstätt, one of which is the Abenberg Care and Box Office, the other but belongs to the princely tax office of the collegiate monastery in Spalt. Not far from this village the Franconian Retzat flows past, over which a bridge has been built and into which the Gersbach falls under the bridge, which runs through Untereschenbach. "
  15. ↑ State Archives Nuremberg , Government of Middle Franconia, Chamber of the Interior, Levy 1952, 3850: Formation of the municipal and rural communities in the district court Heilsbronn 1810. Quoted from M. Jehle, vol. 2, p. 963.
  16. ^ Address and statistical manual for the Rezatkreis in the Kingdom of Baiern . Buchdruckerei Chancellery, Ansbach 1820, p. 44 ( digitized version ).
  17. ↑ F. Eigler, p. 486f.
  18. ↑ a b Bavarian State Statistical Office (ed.): Official city directory for Bavaria, territorial status on October 1, 1964 with statistical information from the 1961 census . Issue 260 of the articles on Bavaria's statistics. Munich 1964, DNB  453660959 , Section II, Sp. 826 ( digitized version ).
  19. ^ Wilhelm Volkert (ed.): Handbook of Bavarian offices, communities and courts 1799–1980 . CH Beck, Munich 1983, ISBN 3-406-09669-7 , p. 421 .
  20. ↑ M. Jehle, Vol. 1, p. 23.
  21. ↑ Suehnekreuz.de
  22. ↑ K. Dunz, p. 285.
  23. ↑ Only inhabited houses are given. In 1818 these were designated as fireplaces , in 1840 as houses , and from 1871 to 1987 as residential buildings.
  24. ↑ Alphabetical index of all the localities contained in the Rezatkkreis according to its constitution by the newest organization: with indication of a. the tax districts, b. Judicial Districts, c. Rent offices in which they are located, then several other statistical notes . Ansbach 1818, p. 94 ( digitized version ).
  25. ↑ Eduard Vetter (Ed.): Statistical handbook and address book of Middle Franconia in the Kingdom of Bavaria . Self-published, Ansbach 1846, p. 152 ( digitized version ).
  26. ↑ a b Bavarian State Statistical Office (Hrsg.): Historical municipality register: The population of the municipalities of Bavaria from 1840 to 1952 (=  contributions to the statistics of Bavaria . Issue 192). Munich 1954, DNB  451478568 , p. 174 , urn : nbn: de: bvb: 12-bsb00066439-3 ( digitized version ).
  27. ^ Joseph Heyberger, Chr. Schmitt, v. Wachter: Topographical-statistical manual of the Kingdom of Bavaria with an alphabetical local dictionary . In: K. Bayer. Statistical Bureau (Ed.): Bavaria. Regional and folklore of the Kingdom of Bavaria . tape 5 . Literary and artistic establishment of the JG Cotta'schen Buchhandlung, Munich 1867, Sp. 1044 , urn : nbn: de: bvb: 12-bsb10374496-4 ( digitized version ).
  28. ↑ Kgl. Statistisches Bureau (Ed.): Directory of the municipalities of the Kingdom of Bavaria according to the status of the population in December 1867 . XXI. Issue of the contributions to the statistics of the Kingdom of Bavaria. Ackermann, Munich 1869, p. 165 ( digitized version ).
  29. ↑ Kgl. Statistical Bureau (ed.): Complete list of localities of the Kingdom of Bavaria. According to districts, administrative districts, court districts and municipalities, including parish, school and post office affiliation ... with an alphabetical general register containing the population according to the results of the census of December 1, 1875 . Adolf Ackermann, Munich 1877, 2nd section (population figures from 1871, cattle figures from 1873), Sp. 1209–1210 , urn : nbn: de: bvb: 12-bsb00052489-4 ( digital copy ).
  30. ↑ K. Bayer. Statistical Bureau (ed.): Community directory for the Kingdom of Bavaria. Manufactured due to the new organization of government districts, district offices and judicial districts. Addendum to issue 36 of the articles on Bavaria's statistics. Munich 1879, p. 69 ( digitized version ).
  31. ↑ K. Bayer. Statistical Bureau (ed.): Community directory for the Kingdom of Bavaria. Results of the census of December 1, 1880. Issue 35 of the articles on Bavaria's statistics. Munich 1882, p. 199 ( digitized version ).
  32. ↑ K. Bayer. Statistical Bureau (Ed.): Localities directory of the Kingdom of Bavaria. According to government districts, administrative districts, ... then with an alphabetical register of locations, including the property and the responsible administrative district for each location. LIV. Issue of the contributions to the statistics of the Kingdom of Bavaria. Munich 1888, Section III, Sp. 1192 ( digitized version ).
  33. ^ A b c d e f g h i Bavarian State Statistical Office (Hrsg.): Historical municipality directory: The population of the municipalities of Bavaria from 1840 to 1952 (=  contributions to Statistics Bavaria . Issue 192). Munich 1954, DNB  451478568 , p. 184 , urn : nbn: de: bvb: 12-bsb00066439-3 ( digitized ).
  34. ↑ K. Bayer. Statistical Bureau (Ed.): Directory of localities of the Kingdom of Bavaria, with alphabetical register of places . LXV. Issue of the contributions to the statistics of the Kingdom of Bavaria. Munich 1904, Section II, Sp. 1265 ( digitized version ).
  35. ↑ Bavarian State Statistical Office (ed.): Localities directory for the Free State of Bavaria according to the census of June 16, 1925 and the territorial status of January 1, 1928 . Issue 109 of the articles on Bavaria's statistics. Munich 1928, Section II, Sp. 1302 ( digitized version ).
  36. ↑ Bavarian State Statistical Office (ed.): Official place directory for Bavaria - edited on the basis of the census of September 13, 1950 . Issue 169 of the articles on Bavaria's statistics. Munich 1952, DNB  453660975 , Section II, Sp. 1128 ( digitized version ).
  37. ^ Bavarian State Statistical Office (ed.): Official place directory for Bavaria . Issue 335 of the articles on Bavaria's statistics. Munich 1973, DNB  740801384 , p. 172 ( digitized version ).