Sansepolcro

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Sansepolcro
coat of arms
Sansepolcro (Italy)
Sansepolcro
Country Italy
region Tuscany
province Arezzo  (AR)
Coordinates 43 ° 35 '  N , 12 ° 9'  E Coordinates: 43 ° 34 '32 "  N , 12 ° 8' 38"  E
height 330  m slm
surface 91.48 km²
Residents 15,731 (Dec. 31, 2019)
Population density 172 inhabitants / km²
Post Code 52037
prefix 0575
ISTAT number 051034
Popular name Biturgensi and / or Borghesi
Patron saint San Giovanni Evangelista
(December 27th)
Website Sansepolcro
Panorama of Sansepolcro
Panorama of Sansepolcro

Sansepolcro (historically also Borgo San Sepolcro , Borgo del Santo Sepolcro or Borgo Santo Sepolcro ) is a town with 15,731 inhabitants (December 31, 2019) in the province of Arezzo in the Region of Tuscany in Italy .

geography

Location of Sansepolcro in the province of Arezzo

The community extends over around 91 km². It is located about 25 kilometers northeast of Arezzo and 80 kilometers southeast of Florence on the Tiber .

The districts include Aboca, Basilica, Cignano, Giardino, Gragnano, Gricignano, Melello, Montagna, Santa Fiora and Trebbio.

The neighboring municipalities are Anghiari , Badia Tedalda , Borgo Pace ( PU ), Citerna ( PG ), Città di Castello (PG), Pieve Santo Stefano and San Giustino (PG).

history

Establishment of the site until it is captured by Florence

The place was created in the 10th century , according to legend by the pilgrims Arcano and Egidio on their way back from the Holy Land , who founded a monastery there. The monastery, dedicated to the Holy Sepulcher and the four evangelists , was first mentioned in 1012 and is located on the outskirts of Noceati. The first sources speak of Benedictines , after that the monastery belonged to the Camaldolese since 1137 at the latest . In the 14th century , today's city center was built near the monastery. The municipal administration was documented in 1163 by Emperor Frederick I , after which the Podestà (1203) and the Capitano del popolo (roughly Mayor, Mayor) (1251) are mentioned in the sources. In 1301 it fell under the control of Uguccione della Faggiola , and twenty years later to Guido Tarlati . From 1335 to 1351 Sansepolcro was under the rule of Perugia , then until 1358 under the rule of the Visconti from Milan . In the following decade, the municipality submitted to Città di Castello and was again subjugated in 1370 by the Malatesta of Rimini , which led to the town's heyday. In the Battle of Anghiari on June 29, 1440, 2,000 inhabitants fought in the army of Piccinino with the Republic of Venice against the coalition of Florence and the Papal States . After the defeat of Piccinino, Sansepolcro was sold to Florence by Pope Eugene IV for 25,000 ducats .

Medici rule until World War II

In 1520 Pope Leo X elevated the monastery and its territory to the status of a diocese, and the monastery church to a cathedral. The town charter granted at that time is still valid today. Afterwards the place played an important role in the planning of the Medici , who equipped Sansepolcro with a new city ​​wall . The last changes were made in the 16th century by Giuliano da Sangallo . In the further course the place was called Biturgia , documented by Claudius Ptolemy in his Geografia , on the basis of which the today's demonym Biturgensi refers. Cosimo I de 'Medici then reinforced the borders of his republic in preparation for the approaching war with the Republic of Siena . In order to save the costs of a further extension of the city wall, he had the smaller parts of the city torn down outside the walls in 1555. The Jesuit school was opened in 1638 and the Accademia dei Risorti in 1727 . In the 17th and 18th centuries, the place went through an economic crisis, which also had a demographic effect. In October 1750 the city was awarded the title città nobile by the Duchy of Tuscany . The earthquakes of 1781 and 1789 caused severe damage , as a result of which many of the medieval towers had to be downsized. The economic boom came from the construction of canals on the rivers in the early 20s of the 19th century and the founding of the Buitoni company in 1828, cultural boom from the founding of the Philharmonie Filarmonica dei Perseveranti (1828), the Accademia della Valle Tiberina Toscana (1830) and the painting school Scuola di Disegno (1837). In 1886 the place was connected to the railway network Arezzo-Sansepolcro-Città di Castello-Gubbio-Fossato di Vico. During the Second World War , the place was at the Gothic position and was involved in heavy fighting, as a result of which the city tower Torre di Berta was destroyed.

The cathedral

Attractions

Churches

  • Duomo di Sansepolcro , (Cathedral), also Cattedrale di San Giovanni Evangelista , built in 1012
  • Chiesa di San Lorenzo , with works by Rosso Fiorentino , built in 1556
  • Chiesa di San Rocco , with a replica of the Holy Sepulcher , built in 1554
  • Abbey San Bartolomeo a Succastelli

More Attractions

Museo Civico of the city of Sansepolcro

Sports

  • Sansepolcro was a stage destination at the Giro d'Italia 1992 .
  • The local football club Associazione Sportiva Dilettantistica Sansepolcro Calcio currently plays in Serie D .

Community partnerships

Sons and daughters of the church

literature

Web links

Commons : Sansepolcro  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Statistiche demografiche ISTAT. Monthly population statistics of the Istituto Nazionale di Statistica , as of December 31 of 2019.
  2. ↑ a b Alessio Varisco on antropologiaartesacra.it , accessed on January 3, 2010
  3. ^ Niccolò Machiavelli: History of Florence (Istorie fiorentine, libro VI § 3)
  4. ↑ On September 17, 1520, the last Camaldolese abbot Galeottus de Gratianis was appointed bishop, cf. Konrad Eubel : Hierarchia Catholica medii et recentioris aevi , Volume 3, Münster 1923, p. 143; Official website for the Millennium Celebration, accessed online on December 29, 2012 ( Memento of the original from August 31, 2012 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. 1520; Paul Fridolin Kehr names September 22, 1515 : Italia Pontificia IV, Berlin 1909, p. 108. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.millenariosansepolcro.it
  5. ↑ Giovanni Ugolini: È passata la rovina a Sansepolcro. Cronaca cittadina dall'8 September 1943 al 3 September 1944 , riproduzione anastatica a cura del Museo e biblioteca della Resistenza di Sansepolcro della edizione del 1945, Sansepolcro, Grafiche Borgo, 2001. P. 43