Zhejiang

This article covers the Chinese province. The asteroid named after her is described under (2631) Zhejiang .

浙江省
Zhèjiāng Shěng

Abbreviation : 浙 ( Pinyin : Zhè)
Capital	Hangzhou
surface  - Total  - share in the PRC	Rank 25 out of 33 101 800 km² 1.06%
population  - Total 2016  - density	Rank 10 out of 33 55,900,000 inhabitants 549 inhabitants / km²
Management type	province
governor	Yuan Jiajun
ISO-3166-2 code	CN-ZJ
District level	2 sub-provincial cities, 9 prefecture-level cities
District level	32 districts, 37 urban districts, 20 independent cities, 1 autonomous district
Community level	670 large parishes, 293 parishes, 18 nationality parishes, 375 street districts

Zhejiang ( Chinese  浙江 , Pinyin Zhèjiāng ) is a province of the People's Republic of China . Zhejiang is located on the coast of the East China Sea in southeast China. The capital of Zhejiang is Hangzhou . Although the province has been part of the People's Republic of China since October 1, 1949, it was also listed as a province of their state until 1955 by the authorities of the Republic of China , whose government fled to the island of Taiwan in 1949 . That year, the Republic of China lost control of the Dachen and Yijiangshan Islands of Zhejiang to the People's Republic .

geography

Zhejiang is located south of the Yangtze River Delta in the southeast of the People's Republic of China and borders Jiangsu and Shanghai in the north, the East China Sea in the east, Fujian in the south and Jiangxi and Anhui in the west . Zhejiang is one of the smaller provinces of China with a north-south and east-west extension of about 450 kilometers, Zhejiang's share of the total area of ​​China is only 1.1%. Zhejiang is divided into six zones: a plain in the north, hill country in the west, a basin around the cities of Jinhua and Quzhou , hill country in the south, the hill country on the coast and the islands off the coast.

Zhejiang has a complex relief and is a mountainous province despite its coastal location: 74.6% of the area is mountains, 20.3% are basins and plains and the remaining 5.1% are bodies of water (lakes and rivers). The relief slopes from southwest to northeast. Three mountain ranges stretch across the province from southwest to northeast. The western Huaiyu Mountains range from the border with Jiangxi to Tianmu Shan and Qianligang Shan . The middle mountain range consists of the Xianxia Ling on the border with Fujian, the Siming Shan , the Kuaiji Shan , the Tiantai Shan and the archipelago around Zhoushan . The eastern chain includes the Donggong Shan on the Fujian border, the Dayang Shan , Kuocang Shan , and the Yandangshan . The highest point in the province with 1929 meters is called Huangmaojian and is located in the area of ​​the city of Longquan .

The most important rivers in the province are the Qiantang River , also known as the "Zhe River", which gave the province its name, the Ou Jiang , Ling Jiang , Tiao Xi , Yong Jiang , Feiyun Jiang , Ao Jiang and Caoe Jiang , in addition, parts of the Kaiserkanal run through the province. The four largest natural lakes of Zhejiang are the West Lake near Hangzhou, the Baltic Sea near Shaoxing , the Zhejiang near Jiaxing , and the Dongqian Hu near Ningbo . In addition, the Qiandao Hu, the largest reservoir in the province, was created through the construction of the hydropower plant on Xin'an Jiang . Zhejiang is the province with the most islands in China: Zhejiang has 2878 islands with an area of ​​more than 500 square meters, of which 26 are larger than 10 square kilometers. With just under 503 square kilometers, Zhoushan is the third largest island in the People's Republic of China after Hainan and Chongming .

climate

Zhejiang has a subtropical , warm and humid climate with four seasons. The average temperatures rise from north to south and are between 2 and 8 ° C in January, between 27 and 30 ° C in July and between 15 and 18 ° C on an annual average. The annual amount of precipitation is between 1100 and 2000 millimeters, the annual sunshine duration between 1100 and 2200 hours. Most of the precipitation falls in the months of May and June. Typhoons often occur in summer and autumn, and on August 10, 2006, the province was badly hit by typhoon Saomai .

Administrative structure

Administrative division of Zhejiang

The following parts of this article appear since 2019 is out of date to be : Outline from the district level down outdated
Please help with to the missing information research and insert .

As of the end of 2018, Zhejiang was made up of the two sub-provincial cities of Hangzhou and Ningbo as well as the nine district-free cities of Huzhou , Jiaxing , Jinhua , Lishui , Quzhou , Shaoxing , Taizhou , Wenzhou and Zhoushan . At the district level there were 19 independent cities , 37 urban districts and 33 districts , one of which was an autonomous district . At the municipal level, the administrative units just mentioned are made up of 269 municipalities , 639 large municipalities and 467 street districts. The numbering in the following table corresponds to that on the adjacent card.

#	region	Chin.	Hanyu pinyin	Area (km²)	Population (2018)	administrative seat
- Immediate provincial administrative zones -
1	Hangzhou	杭州市	Hángzhōu Shì	16,853.57	9,806,000	Jianggan
2	Ningbo	宁波 市	Níngbō Shì	9,365.58	8,202,000	Yinzhou
- District-free cities -
3	Huzhou	湖州 市	Húzhōu Shì	5,820.13	3,027,000	Wuxing
4th	Jiaxing	嘉兴 市	Jiāxīng Shì	4,275.05	4,726,000	Nanhu
5	Jinhua	金华 市	Jīnhuá Shì	10,941.42	5,604,000	Wucheng
6th	Lishui	丽水 市	Líshuǐ Shì	17,298.00	2,199,000	Liandu
7th	Quzhou	衢州 市	Quzhou Shi	8,844.79	2,209,000	Kecheng
8th	Shaoxing	绍兴 市	Shàoxīng Shì	8,274.79	5,035,000	Yuecheng
9	Taizhou	台 州市	Tāizhōu Shì	10,083.39	6,139,000	Jiaojiang
10	Wenzhou	温州 市	Wēnzhōu Shì	11,612.94	9,250,000	Lucheng
11	Zhoushan	舟山 市	Zhōushān Shì	1,378.00	1,173,000	Dinghai
Zhejiang		浙江省	Zhèjiāng Shěng	104,300.00	57,370,000	Hangzhou

Biggest cities

Due to the relatively high urbanization, Zhejiang already had six megacities in 2010. The ten largest cities in the province with the actual urban settlement population as of the 2010 census are as follows:

rank	city	population	rank	city	population
1	Hangzhou	5,578,288	6th	Cixi	1,059,942
2	Wenzhou	2,686,825	7th	Rui'an	927.383
3	Ningbo	2,583,073	8th	Yiwu	878.903
4th	Shaoxing	1,725,726	9	Jiaxing	762,643
5	Taizhou	1,189,276	10	Wenling	749.013

population

The population estimate for 2018 showed a resident population of 57.37 million people for Zhejiang, which means an increase of 800,000 people compared to the previous year. The resident population was 51.2% men and 48.8% women. There were 6.28 million births and 3.18 million deaths, giving a natural population growth of 0.54%. Almost 70% of the population lived in cities. The population census of the year 2000 showed a total population of 45,930,651 people in 14,136,915 households, of which 23,581,512 men and 22,349,139 women. The same census found that 8,292,859 people under the age of 14, 33,539,208 people between the ages of 15 and 64, and 4,098,584 people over the age of 65 lived in Zhejiang.

In 2010, the average life expectancy was 77.3 years (women: 80.2 years, men: 75.6 years), making Zhejiang well above the average for China of 74.8 years and the province with the highest behind the cities directly under the government Life expectancy is.

The Han Chinese make up the overwhelming majority of the population at 99.2%; according to the 2000 population census, 399,700 ethnic minorities lived in Zhejiang. The most important groups were the She (170,993 people), the Tujia (55,310 people), the Miao (53,418 people), the Buyi (21,457 people), the Hui (19,609 people), the Zhuang (18,998 people) and the Dong (17,960 People). Of these, only the She and the Hui were resident in Zhejiang before the establishment of the People's Republic, the other minorities came to the province through migration after 1949. The She live mainly in the rural areas of Wenzhou and Lishui . Zhejiang has 18 nationality communities for the She minority, there are around 400 villages where the She make up at least 30% of the population.

Population development

Population growth in the province since 1954.

year	population
1954 census	22,865,747
1964 census	28,318,573
1982 census	38.884.603
1990 census	41,446,015
2000 census	45.930.651
2010 census	54,426,891
Guess 2016	55,900,000

economy

In 2015, the province had a GDP of 4.29 trillion yuan (688 billion US dollars), fourth among the provinces of China. The GDP per capita was 83,538 yuan (US $ 12,577 / PPP : US $ 24,054) per year (5th place among the Chinese administrative units). The level of prosperity in the province was thus roughly on par with Chile and was 155% of the Chinese average.

The average income per capita of the urban population is 18,265 RMB (2006) and has been in 3rd place for 6 years (behind Shanghai and Beijing).

The average income per capita of rural residents is 7,335 RMB (2006) and is 1st in 22 years (at the provincial level)

The most important economic city in the province and one of the richest cities in the country is Hangzhou .

Agriculture

Zhejiang is known as the "land of fish and rice". The plain in the north of the province is an agricultural center and the largest producer of silk in China. The Zhoushan area is the largest fishing area in the country.

Rice is the main agricultural product, followed by wheat, corn and sweet potatoes. Jute, cotton, rapeseed and sugar cane are also grown.

Industry

Major industries are electromechanical, shipbuilding, textiles, chemicals, food processing and building materials.

Economic policy

Zhejiang has developed its own development program promoting entrepreneurship, giving high priority and a focus on small business development, investment in infrastructure and mass production of cheap products for both consumption in China and export. Zhejiang has become one of the richest provinces in China. However, some economists doubt that the model is sustainable.

traffic

Qiantang Bridge 钱塘江 大桥

There are several railway lines and a dense road network in Zhejiang. Ningbo , Wenzhou , Taizhou and Zhoushan are important ports from which there are especially many connections to Shanghai .

The 6-lane Hangzhou Bridge , which runs 95 km to the east over the great Hangzhou Bay , was opened on May 1, 2008 after around 10 years of planning and construction. With a length of 35.673 km, it is the second longest overseas bridge in the world. This shortens the road distance between Shanghai and Ningbo by 120 km. Construction of the stay cable structure began in November 2003 and cost 11.8 billion yuan (US $ 1.1 billion).

Culture

The capital Hangzhou is the center of tourism in the province with the West Lake (西湖), the Liuhe Pagoda, the tomb of Yue Fei and the Lingyinsi Temple. Other important destinations for tourists are

• the Baoguo Temple , the oldest wooden structure in southern China (near Ningbo)
• Putuo , a famous island that Chinese Buddhists see in connection with Guanyin
• the Qita Temple in Ningbo
• the Tiantai Shan , an important mountain for Tendai Buddhism and Zen Buddhism and
• the Yandangshan , a mountainous region predominantly in the northeast of Wenzhou
• since 2007 the open-air museums of Wuzhen , especially Wuzhen Xizha , have also been advertised internationally.

Zhejiang is home to numerous monuments of the People's Republic of China .

Web links

Commons : Zhejiang  - collection of pictures, videos and audio files

• Official website of Zhejiang Province (Chinese). Retrieved September 14, 2014 . 

Individual evidence

1. ↑ ^{a b c} 地理 概况. In: 了解 浙江.浙江省 人民政府 办公厅, March 14, 2019, accessed on September 18, 2019 (Chinese). 
2. ↑ 气候 特点. In: 了解 浙江.浙江省 人民政府 办公厅, November 2, 2016, accessed on September 18, 2019 (Chinese). 
3. ^ Name-cn. In: 浙江省. State Statistics Office of the People's Republic of China , accessed September 18, 2019 (Chinese). 
4. ↑ 2018 年 浙江省 行政 区划 统计表. In: 了解 浙江.浙江省 人民政府 办公厅, March 14, 2019, accessed on September 18, 2019 (Chinese). 
5. ↑ 2018 年 浙江省 人口 主要 数据 公报 (“Communication on the most important dates of the province of Zhejiiang”). Zhejiang Provincial Government, January 30, 2019, accessed November 29, 2019 (Chinese (simplified)). 
6. ↑ 2018 年 浙江省 1% 人口 抽样 调查 主要 数据 公报. In: 了解 浙江.浙江省 人民政府 办公厅, March 13, 2019, accessed on September 18, 2019 (Chinese). 
7. ↑ 浙江省 乡 、 镇 、 街道 人口. State Statistics Office of the People's Republic of China , archived from the original on August 23, 2019 ; accessed on June 11, 2019 (Chinese). 
8. ↑ 分 地区 人口 平均 预期 寿命. In: Statistical Yearbook of the People's Republic of China 2013. Retrieved September 18, 2019 . 
9. ↑ 浙江省 少数民族 概况. In: 了解 浙江.浙江省 人民政府 办公厅, March 27, 2015, accessed on September 18, 2019 (Chinese). 
10. ↑ China: Provinces and Major Cities - Population Statistics, Maps, Charts, Weather, and Web Information. Retrieved May 7, 2018 . 
11. ^ National Data. Retrieved December 4, 2017 . 

Coordinates: 29 ° 25 '  N , 121 ° 0'  E