Winzendorf-Muthmannsdorf
market community Winzendorf-Muthmannsdorf
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coat of arms | Austria map | |
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Basic data | ||
Country: | Austria | |
State : | Lower Austria | |
Political District : | Wiener Neustadt-Land | |
License plate : | WB | |
Main town : | Winzendorf | |
Surface: | 16.2 km² | |
Coordinates : | 47 ° 48 ' N , 16 ° 7' E | |
Height : | 327 m above sea level A. | |
Residents : | 1,866 (January 1, 2020) | |
Population density : | 115 inhabitants per km² | |
Postcodes : | 2722, 2723 | |
Area code : | 02638 | |
Community code : | 3 23 36 | |
NUTS region | AT122 | |
Address of the municipal administration: |
Hauptstrasse 50 2722 Winzendorf-Muthmannsdorf |
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Website: | ||
politics | ||
Mayoress : | Ernestine Sochurek (UBL) | |
Municipal Council : ( 2020 ) (19 members) |
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Location of Winzendorf-Muthmannsdorf in the Wiener Neustadt-Land district | ||
Source: Municipal data from Statistics Austria |
Winzendorf-Muthmannsdorf is a market town with 1866 inhabitants (as of January 1, 2020) in the Wiener Neustadt-Land district in Lower Austria .
geography
Winzendorf-Muthmannsdorf is located in the industrial district in Lower Austria on the edge of the Steinfeld . The area of the market town covers 16.16 square kilometers. 53.93 percent of the area is forested.
Community structure
The municipality includes the following three localities (population in brackets as of January 1, 2020):
- Emmerberg (70)
- Muthmannsdorf (516)
- Winzendorf (1280)
The community consists of the cadastral communities Emmerberg, Muthmannsdorf and Winzendorf.
history
Before the birth of Christ, the area was part of the Celtic Kingdom of Noricum and belonged to the surroundings of the Celtic hill settlement Burg on the Schwarzenbacher Burgberg .
Later under the Romans, today's places Winzendorf and Muthmannsdorf were then in the province of Pannonia .
It can be assumed that the area of the community Winzendorf-Muthmannsdorf was settled in prehistoric times. Thanks to various finds from Roman times , a network of roads and local traffic routes was reconstructed in the Wiener Neustadt area, which also included the municipality of Winzendorf-Muthmannsdorf. Even today, the so-called “Römerweg”, which led from Brunn to Willendorf , is a reminder of this .
Although there were no written records until the 12th century, names of places, waters and settlements testify that Slavs and pre-Bavarian-Germanic tribes had settled in the area of the municipality of Winzendorf-Muthmannsdorf.
Muthmannsdorf was first mentioned in a document between 1107 and 1122. In the founding deed for the Waldegg parish in 1136 a certain "Hiltegrunn de Mutinesdorf" appears as a witness, whose official seat was the so-called "Burgstall" above the settlement. Winzendorf was first mentioned in a document from 1157 to 1163. It can be found in a document with which Bishop Konrad von Passau regulated the ownership of the vineyards during a legal dispute.
As early as the 13th century, the residents of Muthmannsdorf were subjects of the Starhemberg rule . In 1438, the oldest “Urabar” records the “amt ze Mutmanntarff” with 19 housed subjects. In 1422 a number of residents of the village of Winzendorf were named as subjects of the " Stubenberg fiefdom" in a feudal letter for Heinrich Wolfsohler . There is evidence of 13 houses in Winzendorf for the 15th century. In this century the possession of the Stubenberg family passed to the knightly family of the devils, who already in 1377 established a weekly mass for the "capella beatae virginis Mariae in Winssendarff". The preparation book for the year 1580–1891 lists 30 houses belonging to the Starhemberg lordship for Muthmannsdorf in addition to 18 houses belonging to other lordships.
After the school system was considered primarily a task of the church until the 18th century, great importance was attached to the school system in rural areas at the time of Maria Theresa and Emperor Joseph II . The existing parish schools were converted into trivial schools. While there was a parish school in Muthmannsdorf, the children from Winzendorf had to attend the elementary school in St. Egyden , which, however, was rarely or not at all possible due to the poor road conditions.
Towards the end of the 18th century there were 52 houses in Muthmannsdorf, while there were only 19 houses in Winzendorf. For the further spatial development of the two localities, however, the distribution of the parish land had proven to be very important. While this was very conveniently located in Winzendorf along today's main street and Weikersdorfer Straße, there was no community land in the closed Muthmannsdorf local area. As a result, there was a considerable expansion of the area in Winzendorf over the next few decades. That was certainly one of the reasons that Winzendorf was able to catch up with Muthmannsdorf in terms of the number of houses before the Schneebergbahn was built until 1890 and even exceeded Muthmannsdorf in terms of population.
- 19th century
In 1840 a parish register recorded 60 houses in Muthmannsdorf. In the middle of the 19th century, industrialization took hold, when the first factory building was built next to the Frauenbach in Winzendorf. In 1842 Carl Fruhmann expanded it as a veneer cutting mill.
Around 1850 the Alexander Curti company built a Portland cement plant in Muthmannsdorf . In 1872, Alexander Curti took part in Johann Nothaft's lime works in Winzendorf. In 1874 he finally had the Muthmannsdorf cement factory shut down and concentrated exclusively on the lime works in Winzendorf, which is much more conveniently located in terms of traffic. In addition to the Urschendorfer lace factory, the lime works became the most important source of income for the Winzendorf population. This limestone quarry still marks the "face" of Winzendorf, visible from afar.
In 1854 Winzendorf, Muthmannsdorf and Emmerberg were each set up as independent local communities. However, Emmerberg proved to be not viable and was reunited with the local community of Muthmannsdorf in 1865. In 1880, however, Emmerberg left the local community of Muthmannsdorf and joined Winzendorf. In 1881, the headmaster Josef Herzog founded the Winzendorf volunteer fire department . Just two years later, the Muthmannsdorf fire brigade was founded by Alfred Simic (Reichsritter von Hohenblum) and mountain administrator Pawlowitsch.
With the opening of the Schneebergbahn on April 14, 1897, Winzendorf also developed into a tourist community.
- 20th century
In 1914 300 summer visitors were counted. The transport connection by rail and the proximity to the Wöllersdorf works and the powder factories on Steinfeld also meant that the Viennese ignition machine manufacturer Schaffler set up a branch in Winzendorf in 1917 for the production of electric mine detonators. Winzendorf thus had another important employer in the community (the Hirtenberger company acquired the plant in 2008).
The Felbring convalescence home also became an important employer in the region. It was built in 1910 as the “recovery home of the registered relief fund 'Einigkeit', Vienna I, Johannesgasse 4”. The sanatorium, later also run as a sanatorium for war invalids, was a smaller of the lung sanatoriums in the eastern foothills of the Alps, which also included world-famous sanatoriums such as the Wienerwald sanatorium or the feudal private sanatorium on Hochegg. Originally consisting of several small pavilions, the convalescent home, known by the population as “die Felbring”, experienced a heyday as the “convalescent home Felbring der Allgemeine Invaliden Versicherungsanstalt ” (later “convalescent home Felbring of the insurance fund for industrial employees”) in the late twenties of the last century. which culminated in 1926 with the construction of an architecturally interesting main building that also integrated the pavilions into a uniform appearance. In the late years of the Second World War, the pulmonary hospital served as an air hospital and was demolished and rebuilt in 1971, after the opening of the cardiovascular center in 1968, with the exception of a fragment that is still preserved today. The enclosure wall with the imposing entrance gate is also still in existence, which has so far conveyed a glimpse of the architectural quality of the former pulmonary hospital.
Regardless of this, Winzendorf also had to endure difficult times in the years after the First World War . During the time of the Second World War , Winzendorf-Muthmannsdorf also suffered numerous losses in the population. At Easter 1945, Soviet troops first marched into Winzendorf and one day later into Muthmannsdorf. As a result of the fighting, 32 houses in Winzendorf were cremated. In Muthmannsdorf, 17 houses were totally damaged and 45 seriously. After the end of the war, the bricklayer Johann Zwickl was appointed mayor of Muthmannsdorf at the request of the population , but he was slain by Russian soldiers on October 17, 1945.
It was not until 1947 that the community leaderships were constituted in both communities on the basis of the actual voting ratios. As early as 1948 it was possible in Winzendorf, destroyed by fire in an elementary school building to rebuild and 1953-1954 a four classes high school set. Muthmannsdorf, on the other hand, had to struggle with the fact that the Soviet occupation had confiscated and abducted all the machines in the quarry on Engelsberg after the end of the war. Another low blow was that in 1951 the coal mine "Gute Hope" had to be shut down.
The most decisive event in communal development was the voluntary amalgamation of the previously independent communities of Winzendorf and Muthmannsdorf to form the new community "Winzendorf-Muthmannsdorf" in 1969. The mayor of Winzendorf, Johann Geiger, was confirmed in his office. The Muthmannsdorf councilor Franz Mahrer became the new vice mayor. After a local water supply had existed in Winzendorf since 1959 , the most urgent task of the new community leadership was to ensure the water supply in Muthmannsdorf as well. The school location was improved in 1974 with an expansion of the secondary school and in 1977 with the new building of the elementary school.
With the resolution of the Lower Austrian Landtag of July 8, 1976, Winzendorf-Muthmannsdorf was awarded the title of market municipality at the request of the municipality . The official market survey celebrations took place on May 19, 1977.
In 1982 a mother advice center was set up, in 1983 a school sports facility was opened and in 1990 a children's playground was created. In 2005 a new, larger children's playground was laid out. After the disused quarry lay fallow for a few years, from 1993 it became the stage for the annual "Karl May Festival".
Parish Muthmannsdorf
For the parish Muthmannsdorf there is no exact date of the foundation of the parish - the parish was first mentioned in 1220, which at that time belonged to the dean's office in Steinfeld. A deed from 1136 is controversial, which is claimed both as the founding deed of the Muthmannsdorf parish and the Waldegg parish. It seems to be correct, however, to regard the deed as the founding deed of the Muthmannsdorf parish, as the tradition of the deed in the Seckau monastery also reflects. As the founder of the parish not named in the document, Adalram von Waldeck appears , who came from the family of the Lords of Traisen (Lower Austria), a branch of the Aribones, owned properties in the Waldeck area and was the founder of the Seckau canon monastery . Muthmannsdorf seems to have been a parish founded in Salzburg from the start, as evidenced by the patronage of St. Peter. Furthermore Muthmannsdorf appears in Liber decimationis 1285 as a Salzburg parish.
After the death of the pastor's founder, Adalram von Waldeck, who died without a legitimate heir, the parish's patronage rights will most likely pass to the Traungauer and from them to the Babenbergers . By marrying Margarete, Ottokar II Přemysl finally received the parish, who handed it over to the Bishop of Seckau in 1254 . In 1269 this donation was confirmed by Ottokar von Znaim, whereby the right of patronage over Muthmannsdorf now belonged to the diocese of Seckau. Less than a hundred years later, there was another change: Muthmannsdorf passed from the diocese to the Seckau Abbey in 1358 through a parish swap . During this time the church was decorated with Romanesque frescoes, which were rediscovered in 1939.
In 1662 the Seckau Abbey sold for unknown reasons - financial problems caused by construction work or the desire to separate from distant parishes may have played a role - the parish and the associated Strelzhof estate to the Neukloster Abbey in Wiener Neustadt . The first pastor of Muthmannsdorf from the Neukloster Abbey named in the parish chronicle was Edmund Quiquet.
Under Joseph II there was another change for the parish in 1782, as Muthmannsdorf was now assigned to the diocese of Wiener Neustadt, from 1783 as the main parish with the Maiersdorf branch , which, at the request of the local parish, was separated from the parish Muthmannsdorf and became one Local chaplaincy was levied. The parish of Muthmannsdorf originally comprised the entire “New World” with the villages of Muthmannsdorf, Gaaden, Stollhof, Maiersdorf, Zweiersdorf and Netting with Dachstein and Emmerberg, after this split only Muthmannsdorf itself, Stollhof, Gaaden and Emmerberg belonged to the parish . However, the diocese of Wiener Neustadt was dissolved in 1785; Muthmannsdorf and the surrounding area came to the Archdiocese of Vienna.
From 1796 onwards, due to an acute shortage of staff at the Neukloster Abbey, the local chaplain of Maiersdorf was also looked after by the pastor of Muthmannsdorf, which led to protests by the parish with the Archbishop of Vienna for decades. In 1817, the community managed to get its own provisional officer from the secular clergy for their place. The local chaplaincy could only be looked after again from 1837 onwards by a pastor from the Neukloster Abbey.
After the Neukloster Abbey had always suffered from a weak financial basis, the economic problems in the 19th century became so great that in 1881 it was merged with the Heiligenkreuz Abbey . Of course, this also meant that the Muthmannsdorf parish was looked after by the Heiligenkreuz Abbey from now on: after Johann Nepomuk Schlögl (1885–1889) had headed the parish for the last time with Johann Nepomuk Schlögl (1885–1889), Friedrich Hlawatsch took over the parish with Friedrich Hlawatsch in 1889 the first pastor from Heiligenkreuz took over pastoral care.
The last parish change came in 1970 when the parish Muthmannsdorf was divided into two political parishes through the amalgamation of parishes.
Church and rectory
As far as the building of the church and the parsonage are concerned, over the centuries there have been frequent floods during floods or rains in the parsonage and the church, which are located in a damp meadow. In 1683 the rectory was also destroyed in the course of the Ottoman raids, the church seems to have remained intact. In the first half of the 18th century the parish buildings were already in a very bad condition, after years of complaints, the pastor Martin Hebau (1859–1861) finally managed to renovate the rectory. From 1986 - after the interior renovation in 1939 - preparations began again for a major church renovation, during which a Romanesque charnel house was discovered in the north side chapel. Excavations under the church floor also revealed that the Romanesque church had been enlarged in 1437 by a Gothic addition.
Population development
religion
According to the 2001 census data , 77.6% of the population are Roman Catholic and 2.9% Protestant . 3.7% are Muslims , 0.7% belong to Orthodox churches . 12.7% of the population have no religious denomination.
politics
The municipal council has 19 members.
- With the municipal elections in Lower Austria in 2010 , the municipal council had the following distribution: 9 UBL, 6 SPÖ, 3 ÖVP, and 1 FPÖ.
- With the municipal council elections in Lower Austria in 2015 , the municipal council had the following distribution: 10 UBL (Independent Citizens List), 6 SPÖ, 2 ÖVP, and 1 FPÖ.
- With the municipal council elections in Lower Austria 2020 , the municipal council has the following distribution: 13 Independent Citizens List (ÖVP), 5 SPÖ and 1 FPÖ.
- mayor
- Winzendorf
- 1945–1946 Alois Greiner
- 1947–1950 Josef Wallner
- 1950–1968 Georg Nicolini
- 1968–1969 Johann Geiger
- Muthmannsdorf
- 1945–1958 Karl Schebesta
- 1958–1965 Rupert Krenn
- 1965–1969 Johann Klauser-Kamper
- Winzendorf-Muthmannsdorf
- 1970–1986 Johann Geiger
- 1987–1992 Franz Seiser
- 1993–? Andreas Rodler
- until 2014 Heinrich Kofler (UBL)
- since 2014 Ernestine Sochurek (UBL)
coat of arms
The blazon of the coat of arms of the market town of Winzendorf-Muthmannsdorf is as follows:
“Diagonally right divided by red and blue; in red a silver horn with a green cord, in blue a silver bucket. "
Two family coats of arms were used as the basis for the design of the municipal coat of arms.
The coat of arms was awarded in 1977 on the occasion of the market survey celebrations.
Culture and sights
- Castle ruins Emmerberg : The once mighty castle was first mentioned in 1170 with Durinch de Emberberch . It was built near the Prosset Gorge on a ridge and had the task of guarding the entrance to the “ New World ” (the valley between the Hohe Wand and the Fischau foothills ) through the Prosset and, if necessary, blocking it. In addition, it was intended to provide protection for the population of the surrounding settlements as a place of refuge. Last but not least, Emmerberg Castle was a signaling station in the chain of fortifications in the area of the “New World”, all of which were erected in line of sight and which helped to secure south-eastern Lower Austria. In 1249 the Emmerberg Castle was called "Burg, castrum". The lords of the castle are the Emmerberger, Wolfenreut, Teufel, Brassican Spaur and Heußensteiner. According to legend, due to the constant lack of water, the castle was built with wine, which the farmers had to carry in buckets. Emmerberg Castle was inhabited until 1760. Since then it has been left to decay, which has progressed precariously, especially in the last 20 years. Today the privately owned area of the castle ruin can no longer be entered due to its obvious dilapidation.
- Catholic branch church Winzendorf Mariä Himmelfahrt: Around 1300 the parish church Maria Himmelfahrt belonging to the mother parish Sankt Egyden was built in the Winzendorf district . The builders are not known, but the church is likely to have been built either by the Stubenberg noble family of Styria or by the knightly family of Teufel . The church, which at that time for the Archdiocese of Salzburg belonged, later became the burial rights granted for the parish, which they with a charnel house was equipped. In 1776 an oversized church tower was put on the extension of the nave , which was popularly known as the "Mugl-Trumm-Thurm". As early as 1882, the tower had to be demolished due to its dilapidation. In 1885 today's new church tower was built. The church courtyard wall was also removed in the 19th century. In the church there is the family crypt of the Knights of Devil, which is also remembered by a number of epitaphs . The heart and bowels of Duchess Elisabeth of Saxony , who died in Wiener Neustadt in 1594, are also buried here. After the construction of the new parish church (see below), the old church was saved from decay through the initiative of the citizens and was restored from 1985; on August 15, 1990 (Assumption of Mary) it was consecrated again as a branch church.
- Catholic parish church Winzendorf hl. Josef der Arbeiteri: After the “Old Church” no longer met the requirements, the “New Church” with the parish center was built in what is now the center of the village. It is a modern facility designed by the Viennese architects Karl and Eva Mang. The individual structures are function-related, with that of the church hall dominating. The facades are characterized by reinforced concrete and clinker masonry. The almost square interior of the church with a curve in the altar area is determined by the building materials concrete, clinker brick and wood.
- Parish church St. Peter im Moos in Muthmannsdorf
- Mithras stone: In the area south of Winzendorf, two altars and fragments of a Mithras relief from Roman times (2nd and 3rd centuries) as well as wall sections of a presumably Roman villa and small objects from a settlement and skeletal graves were found. The relief stone can be viewed in the basement of the newly adapted City Museum in Wiener Neustadt.
- Dinosaur site: Muthmannsdorf is the only significant dinosaur site in Austria. In 1859 the geologist Ferdinand Stolicka and the paleontologist Eduard Suess examined the coal mine "Gute Hope". After finding a reptile tooth, they came across the "Struthiosaurus Austriacus". Since 1994, casts of the finds have been presented in a showcase in Muthmannsdorf. Today there are display boards and showcases in both districts. The original finds of the pterosaurs from Muthmannsdorf are housed in room 8 of the Natural History Museum in Vienna .
- Engelsberg Geotope: The Engelsberg quarry , from which marble was extracted from 1698 to 1943, is located on the southeast slope of the Engelsberg . Today only sculpture symposiums take place in the marble quarry. In 1997 and 1998 the quarry was freed from wild growth, excavated down to the rocky subsoil, geodetically measured and provided with information boards. On June 7, 1998, it was ceremoniously presented to the public as a " geotope " and technical monument. The Engelsberger Geotope, which is easily accessible from both Winzendorf and Muthmannsdorf, is not only a sight, but also a popular destination.
Winzendorf Festival
The Winzendorf Festival includes:
- Karl May Festival Winzendorf with the Karl May Western World : The former, disused limestone quarry was adapted from 1993 to a successful stage for the annual Karl May Festival . When differences arose between the chairman of the organizing “MTC – Kulturverein Winzendorf” and the community, the performances in 2007 were temporarily in question. Now Dr. Anton Rohrmoser will be won as the new organizer, who and his team brought the "Treasure in the Silver Lake" to the performance in summer 2007. Before spring 2012, the facility was completely renovated, the auditorium and the stage roofed over and the western town renewed.
- Musical summer Winzendorf which also takes place on the same stage as the Karl May Festival
Natural monuments
- Umbrella pine at the entrance to the Prosset Gorge.
Sports
- Archers: Archery Club Emmerberg
- Soccer: Winzendorf-Muthmannsdorf sports club
- Stock sport: Stock shooting club Winzendorf-Muthmannsdorf
- Tennis: Winzendorf-Muthmannsdorf tennis club
- Gymnastics: Ladies gymnastics club Winzendorf-Muthmannsdorf
gastronomy
The market town of Winzendorf-Muthmannsdorf has a remarkable gastronomy. With the "Gasthaus auf dem Lande" Schmutzer (two toques according to Gault Millau Austria) and the "Puchegger Wirt" (one toque according to Gault Millau Austria) the town has two top-class restaurants. In February 2007 the Gasthaus Schmutzer was also awarded the title “Top Landlord of the Year” by the state of Lower Austria . In addition, three other restaurants, a pizzeria and a café are available to guests.
It is also worth mentioning the “first eco-beer brewery” in Austria, which produces the popular naturally cloudy “Emmerberg-Bräu” in a brewhouse with a medieval feel.
economy
In 2001 there were 73 non-agricultural workplaces, and according to the 1999 survey there were 46 in agriculture and forestry. The number of people in work at home was 777 according to the 2001 census. The 2001 employment rate was 46.81 percent.
The largest economic factor in the municipality of Winzendorf-Muthmannsdorf is the Felbring special hospital located at the foot of the Hohe Wand . The rehabilitation center is operated by the pension insurance company and has 106 single rooms. In Felbring, mainly cardiovascular diseases are treated and treated.
Personalities
- Honorary citizen of the community
- Eduard Herzog (1859–1949): Although the son of the headmaster of Winzendorf Josef Herzog, head teacher Eduard Herzog, was never mayor of the municipality of Winzendorf and was not even elected to the municipal committee in 1900, it was said of him, the "mind" of the mayor to have been. As the keeper of the minutes and later the community secretary, he was the spiritual driving force behind the community. He created a community archive and a school chronicle, both of which are lost. In 1937, Herzog was granted honorary citizenship.
- Georg Nicolini (1891–1972): Georg Nicolini first appeared in 1920 as a local education councilor. After moving to Wöllersdorf in the meantime , Nicolini was mayor of the municipality of Winzendorf from 1950 to 1968.
literature
- Maximilian Weltin : Festschrift for the market survey of the community Winzendorf-Muthmannsdorf. Self-published by the municipality, 1977.
- Wilhelm J. Wagner: Hohe Wand-Steinfeld, culture and history. Self-published by the association "Schneebergbahn, Hohe Wand, Steinfeld, Bad Fischau-Brunn", 1999.
Web links
- 32336 - Winzendorf-Muthmannsdorf. Community data, Statistics Austria .
Individual evidence
- ↑ Statistics Austria: Population on January 1st, 2020 by locality (area status on January 1st, 2020) , ( CSV )
- ↑ Stiftsarchiv Heiligenkreuz, 71 – St – 3.
- ^ Karl Lechner: Waldegg-Muthmannsdorf. In: Yearbook for regional studies of Lower Austria. New episode 38, 1968–1970, pp. 456–487 ( PDF on ZOBODAT ).
- ↑ on this: Ernst Katzer, founding of the Waldegg parish, in: 850 years Waldegg parish (1136–1186), Waldegg 1986.
- ↑ Lechner, Waldegg-Muthmannsdorf; s. also Amadeus Hörschläger, history of the parish “St. Peter am Moos ”zu Muthmannsdorf (Dipl.-Arb., Vienna 1989).
- ↑ Hörschläger, St. Peter am Moos pp. 14-19
- ↑ Hörschläger, St. Peter am Moos S. 1, 28-45.
- ↑ Results of the municipal council election 2020 in Winzendorf-Muthmannsdorf. Office of the Lower Austrian state government, January 26, 2020, accessed on February 9, 2020 .
- ↑ Winzendorf-Muthmannsdorf market town: Wintzendorf-Muthmannsdorf . In: The Lower Austrian district of Wiener Neustadt and its communities . 2nd Edition. Lower Austria. Verlag GesmbH, Wiener Neustadt 1996, p. 261 .
- ^ Website of the parish Winzendorf ( memento of February 10, 2010 in the Internet Archive ), accessed on January 31, 2010
- ↑ The history of the Karl May Festival Winzendorf ( Memento from April 2, 2015 in the Internet Archive )