Sokolov
| Sokolov | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
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| Basic data | |||||
| State : |
 Czech Republic
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| Historical part of the country : | Bohemia | ||||
| Region : | Karlovarský kraj | ||||
| District : | Sokolov | ||||
| Area : | 2291.6563 ha | ||||
| Geographic location : | 50 ° 11 ' N , 12 ° 39' E | ||||
| Height: | 401 m nm | ||||
| Residents : | 23,241 (Jan. 1, 2019) | ||||
| Postal code : | 356 01 | ||||
| License plate : | K (old SO) | ||||
| traffic | |||||
| Railway connection: |
Chomutov – Cheb Sokolov – Klingenthal |
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| structure | |||||
| Status: | city | ||||
| Districts: | 4th | ||||
| administration | |||||
| Mayor : | Jan Picka (as of 2018) | ||||
| Address: | Rokycanova 1929 356 01 Sokolov |
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| Municipality number: | 560286 | ||||
| Website : | www.sokolov.cz | ||||
| Location of Sokolov in the Sokolov district | |||||
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Sokolov (until 1948 Falknov nad Ohří, German Falkenau an der Eger ) is a town in the Karlovy Vary region in the Czech Republic .
geography
Geographical location
The city is located in western Bohemia in the Falkenau basin and is 401 m above sea level. NN at the confluence of the Zwodau in the Eger and north of the Kaiserwald . To the west of Sokolov lies the Medard open-cast mine. In Sokolov itself there is the Jezero Michal lake, in the south-east of the urban area the hills Květný vrch (640 m nm), Spálený vrch (744 m nm) and Vítkov (722 m nm) rise.
City structure
The town of Sokolov consists of the districts Hrušková ( Birndorf , formerly Nothaftsgrün ), Novina ( Grün ), Sokolov ( Falkenau an der Eger ) and Vítkov ( Wudingrün ). The basic settlement units are Hrušková, K nemocnici, Ke stadiónu, Nad rybníkem, Nad zastávkou, Novina, Ovčárna ( sheep farm ), Pod pekárnou, Pod vodojemem, Průmyslový obvod, Před nádražím, Sokol-dolifuín, Uokolovín, Sokol-dolifsku Antonovovín, Antonovovín, Rekultivace , Vítkov, Za Hornickým domem and Za nádražím.
The municipality is divided into the cadastral districts of Hrušková, Novina u Sokolova, Sokolov and Vítkov u Sokolova.
Neighboring communities
To the east is Těšovice , Staré Sedlo u Sokolova , Loket , Horní Slavkov . In the south lies Rovná u Sokolova , in the southwest Březová u Sokolova , Dolní Rychnov and Citice . To the northwest is Svatava , in the north Královské Poříčí .
history
Falkenau was first mentioned in a document on April 13, 1279 ( Valkenawe ). In the 13th century there was a stone castle on the site of today's castle, from there in the direction of the Eger and the Lobsbach a settlement was established. Archaeological excavations from 1993/1994 showed that the castle and town complex exceeded the previously assumed importance.
As a ministerial, the Notthracht contributed to the cultivation of the region. Later noble families who owned the rulership and the Falkenau Castle were the Count Schlick from 1435 , who ruled Falkenau as Protestants until the Battle of the White Mountain in 1621, and from 1622 the Catholic Imperial Counts of Nostitz- Rieneck.
King John of Bohemia is said to have granted the first privilege through which the residents of Falkenau gained urban freedoms and rights in 1313. The original was lost in the fire of 1390 in which the city burned down completely. The town charter was renewed by a new majesty letter from King Wenceslaus IV on August 28, 1397.
In 1483 the oldest surviving town book in Falkenau regulated town charter ( Hirinne describes all the statute of the market in Falkenaw ... ). Accordingly, the council consisted of twelve councilors, from whose round the mayor was elected (oldest known mayor: Paul Haynl 1471). In 1491 the Marian Brotherhood was founded in Falkenau . In 1546/1547 the city was attacked by General Wilhelm von Thumbshirn from the Electorate of Saxony . The Falkenau rifle corps was first mentioned in 1573.
In 1604, 21 houses in the city burned down. Falkenau had around 1000 inhabitants and 174 houses at the time.
As of March 1621, Falkenau was surrounded by Bavarian and Saxon troops as a result of the Thirty Years' War . On March 26th, the city was bombarded with cannons. All the houses in front of the city and a number of beautiful outbuildings burned down. On March 31, 1621 there was a first direct combat action: 50 citizens of the city were supposed to fetch grain from the nearby Unterreichenau Ratsbauernhof under the protection of about 75 English riders with 20 wagons . An attack by enemy riders resulted in a skirmish in which 23 citizens of the city lost their lives.
In the course of the re-Catholicization , the Evangelical Lutheran pastors and schoolmasters had to leave Falkenau at the end of August 1624 and a first Catholic clergyman was appointed in 1625. The Counter-Reformation met with strong rejection in some cases. Around 1650, some citizens of Falkenau refused to go to Catholic confession and mass.
On May 18, 1632, the city burned down completely as a result of fighting between Saxon and imperial troops. 1633, from September to December, the plague raged in Falkenau and claimed over 80 deaths (according to Körbl 122 plague deaths).
In 1660 a hospital was built at the instigation of Count Johann Hartwig von Nostitz-Rieneck (1610–1683), in which the impoverished and sick residents of the city found care. It lost its importance with the construction of the new hospital in 1846 and was demolished in the summer of 1902.
In 1663, at the instigation of Count Johann Hartwig von Nostitz-Rieneck (1610–1683), a Capuchin monastery was built in Falkenau, which was consecrated in 1664. In 1667 the newly built church of the monastery was consecrated to St. Anthony . In 1772 there were 16 priests and 7 lay brothers living in the Capuchin monastery.
1701 was built on the market, the Marian column, 1717 decorated with hops plant column with the Wastl (which refers to the city's founding legend of the falconer Wastl after here once a Egerer have built a falcon citizen named Sebastian ( 'Wastl') and so the first settlement) and built the stone well, all of which still stand there today.
After the death of Count Anton Johann von Nostitz-Rieneck († October 29, 1736), who was paternal and benevolent in the city of Falkenau, his nephew Franz Wenzel von Nostitz-Rieneck (1696–1765) inherited the Fideikommiss Falkenau. Immediately after taking over the rule of Falkenau, he questioned the town charter of Falkenau and wanted to equate the citizens with the peasants of his rule and at the same time introduce serfdom for them . The mayor and council had to have the necessary documents issued in Vienna at considerable expense and pay a tax of 500 guilders for them, which was the value of a large town house. But Count Franz Wenzel steadfastly refused to sign the consensus to confirm the privileges for Falkenau's city rights. He held the proceedings in suspension for over ten years, even when Emperor Franz I took up the matter in July 1747. Due to the war riots and city fires, the clarification was delayed for several years.
During the Austrian War of Succession Falkenau was besieged and finally occupied by French troops, as well as Saxon grenadiers and Hungarian hussars and dragoons from October 1742 . On October 20, 1742, a fire broke out in a house occupied by French soldiers, which within an hour and a half burned 27 houses. One of the reasons for the extent of the fire was that the city was overcrowded by the occupation, ... you could hardly walk in the city because of the large amount of French baggage and watch fires ... which prevented the fire from being extinguished.
Military was stationed in Falkenau by 1750 at the latest. The Gaisruck infantry regiment is attested throughout the 18th century , while other infantry regiments attested in Falkenau are Ellrichshausen and Matthesen . In the 1790s it can be proven that the barracks were located directly at the Falkenau Castle.
Another fire burned 74 houses with 24 barns within three hours on April 9, 1753, so that the whole side of the new town from the ring gate to the grist mill and from there to the town hall was burned down. The damage was estimated at approximately 50,000 guilders.
In 1754 the dispute with Count Franz Wenzel flared up again. The cause was constant curtailment of the urban grazing rights on the Hard-Höhe , a hill near the city, in which the Count 40 Strich had the hard grounds arable, thereby reducing the use of the cattle pastures certified by the city and also from the rear hard- He had another five stripes of land made arable, but this belonged to the city and not to the Falkenau rule. The resulting legal dispute entered the Falkenauer annals as the 'Hardt dispute'.
Since the beginning of the dispute in 1736, no renewal of the council had been carried out, since cooperation with the count was no longer possible. The old cloth maker Johann Carl Bach (1678–1766) was the only mayor left in office. When he called a citizens' meeting on October 8, 1754, the count's actuary Georg Felix Lutz von Strahlfels was supposed to attend the council meeting, which he was denied. Count Franz Wenzel then deposed the council and had Bach and another citizen incarcerated in the town hall. Only when they fell ill was Bach released. In June 1755 the whole council was replaced and a new one was installed. The actuary should attend the council meetings, but without voting rights. Yet he thwarted the Council's decisions wherever he could. The litigation itself remained pending. The count renewed his request for serfdom for the Falkenau citizens several times, and in 1761 he also disputed the city's right to free salt trade, fiefdoms and municipal hereditary interest rights. Citizens' representatives traveled to Prague to find a lawyer to take legal action in the capital. The dispute only resolved with the death of Count Franz Wenzel in September 1765.
From 1757 to 1759 Falkenau suffered repeatedly from changing billeting by the military as a result of the Seven Years' War . In August 1762, the city was attacked by 300 Black Hussars under the command of Oberstwachtmeister Daniel Christoph Georg von der Schulenburg-Hehlen , the houses looted and money from the citizens, as well as a fire tax of 1100 guilders, extorted from the city.
On December 31, 1763, the flood of the Eger reached the highest level ever recorded as a result of heavy rainfall, so that the men in the brewery were standing in the water up to over the belt during rescue work.
In 1770 Falkenau had 256 house numbers. The city was enclosed by a city wall and had four city gates:
- Summer gate, built in 1609 and partly demolished in 1833
- New gate, which was rebuilt around 1667 after the construction of the Capuchin monastery behind the monastery garden in order to close the city fortifications again; Dismantled in 1836
- Obertor, which separated the original old town from the so-called new town
- Bridge Gate, also called the Eger River Gate.
In 1771/1772 Bohemia suffered a great famine, which also hit Falkenau. In 1772 Falkenau received 128 Lower Austrian Metzen Grain and 1000 Reichstaler credit. The holidays have been canceled.
In 1785 Falkenau, like all cities with a free court system in Bohemia, received its own syndicus , Franz Fritsch (1750–1834), who was born in Falkenau , procurator forensis et publicus and city senator, who had studied law in Prague . At the same time he was appointed as a certified magistrate according to court decree.
In 1819 the city poor house was built. In 1831 the construction of a new post road began. It led through Falkenau (where a stone bridge was built over the Lobsbach ). Route: Eger - Falkenau - Karlsbad - Prague.
On August 3 and 4, 1822, Johann Wolfgang von Goethe visited Falkenau and initially met the local miner Ignaz Lößl (1782–1849) to visit his mineral collection. Lößl also presented some of the poems of the poet's association to Goethe, especially those by Anton Fürnstein , whereby Lößl pointed out the physical ailments, the lack of schooling and, at the same time, Fürnstein's extensive self-training. Goethe himself writes in his diaries about the visit to Falkenau: a well-built place ... which I often saw lying gracefully in the valley on the Eger when driving to Carlsbad ... For the following day, August 4th, 1822 arranged an encounter between Fürnstein and Goethe, who - visibly affected by the fragile condition of the poet - left Falkenau and later published some of his poems.
In 1846, a hospital with a garden was donated by Karl Heidler in Falkenau , with the establishment and maintenance being financed from city pensions.
In 1867 the District Court of Elbogen became part of the Falkenau District Authority, which became the Falkenau District from 1868 onwards . From the middle of the 19th century, Falkenau became an important mining town for lignite mining and later a district town .
In 1870 Falkenau received a station on the Prague – Priesen – Karlsbad – Eger line on the Buschtěhrad Railway . In 1873 the branch line to Graslitz went into operation. In 1872 the Imperial and Royal Ministry of Commerce granted the “coal works owner” JR Caton the pre-concession “for a locomotive railway from Falkenau via Lauterbach, Haberspirk , Katzengrün , Mühlessen to Voitersreuth and to Haslau ”, an approximately straight east-west connection that the line over the Eger node , especially in freight transport, would have made competition.
In 1873 a city fire destroyed 15 houses and the church tower of St. Jakob. Another city fire on June 23, 1874, which had broken out in the suburbs in the morning, threatened to spread to the entire city. With the help of the fire brigades from Karlsbad , Eger, Elbogen , Franzensbad , Heinrichsgrün and Schlaggenwald , this could be prevented, but 135 houses were burned down.
In 1880 an iron bridge was built over the Eger, in 1904 the Evangelical Lutheran Church. In 1911 it burned again, this time in the Sommergasse and in the Butterscheibe district .
After the First World War , the German-speaking Egerland and with it Falkenau was added to the newly founded Czechoslovak Republic . As a result, the appointment of civil servants led to an increase in the influx of people of Czech nationality, which led to tensions between the two ethnic groups. Under pressure from the Hitler regime, the Western powers agreed to the cession of the German-speaking peripheral areas to the German Reich in the 1938 Munich Agreement . From 1938 to 1945 Falkenau an der Eger belonged to the district of Falkenau an der Eger , administrative district of Eger , in the Reichsgau Sudetenland . On May 1, 1939, the partially cut districts in the Sudetenland were reorganized. This condition remained until the end of the Second World War .
During the time of National Socialism in Falkenau, not far from the residential buildings, the Falkenau satellite camp was set up as a satellite camp of the Flossenbürg concentration camp , the inmates of which were liberated by US troops in May 1945. A captain of the 1st US Infantry Division ("Big Red One") ordered 14 local residents to recover the corpses found in the camp, to dress them and to bury them at the village cemetery. On October 16, 1940, bombs fell on Falkenau, which hit the cemetery instead of the chemical factory. Another air raid on April 17, 1945 killed around 100 residents.
After the end of the war, Czechoslovakia took over the areas transferred to Germany in the Munich Agreement. Numerous German soldiers of the so-called “Kampfgruppe Mangold”, who had embarked on the retreat route Eger - Karlsbad at the beginning of May, reached Germany via the mountain massif “Hoher Stein” ( Vysoký kámen ) on former smugglers' paths. Many German Bohemians fled the violence of self-appointed Revolutionary Guards and national militias across the border into Germany. Others were driven across the border or interned in camps. A large part of the German population was expropriated in 1945 and out of town sold . A large number of this part of the population was forcibly resettled to Germany.
In 1948 the German-sounding Czech name Falknov nad Ohří was changed to Sokolov ("falcon" = Czech "Sokol"). Until the end of 2002 Sokolov was the seat of the district administration of Okres Sokolov .
Parish Church of St. Jacob
The parish church is said to have been founded in the 13th century. It is certain that a parish church existed before 1359, which at that time belonged to the Elbogen deanery . Under Count Wolf Schlick († 1556), who was a friend of Martin Luther , Falkenau became Protestant around 1530 and remained so until 1624. After the Counter-Reformation, the community became Roman Catholic again. In 1631 the organ, which was made in St. Joachimsthal , was installed. In 1670 the old nave was demolished due to its dilapidation and the foundation stone for the new church was laid on March 23, 1671. From 1671 onwards, Falkenau was the seat of an archdechantry . The new church was consecrated in 1673. The old church tower stood until 1680, after the demolition it was rebuilt in the same year. On July 1, 1681, the bells were raised again. In 1683 a new large bell (15 quintals) and a smaller one (14 quintals) were cast and raised. In 1938 the archdeanate in the Falkenau district included the places Falkenau, Grasset, Haselbach, Königswerth, Ober-Reichenau, Prösau, Schäferei, Teschwitz, Unter-Reichenau, Wudingrün (until 1683 also Altsattl and until 1788 also Birndorf, which from 1789 to Altsattl parish) and Albernhof in the Elbogen district.
school
The schoolmaster's income is already clearly regulated in the Falkenau town book of 1483. In a will (before 1483) the name of the 'old schoolmaster Peter Odelhayder' is attested, who is therefore likely to have worked in Falkenau around 1450. School lessons in Falkenau were already regulated by school regulations in 1584: six hours of lessons a day (first hour of church lessons in the morning, second and third hour of reading and writing; in the afternoon, lessons began with a prayer song ( Lord Jesus Christ was man and God ... ), 1st hour of singing lessons, 2nd and 3rd hour of Latin). The first schoolmaster known by name after the Reformation was the bourgeois son, cantor and town clerk Caspar Donat, who married the bourgeois daughter Margaretha Zürchauer on November 1, 1556. Since then, the schoolmasters, who were also cantors of the city well into the 18th century, have been known by name. As a result of this education, the level of education of bourgeois master craftsmen was quite considerable for the time, in addition to mathematics (including the theorems of Pythagoras , interest calculation), poetry, Latin and Greek were taught (at the same time superstition was widespread). From 1780 onwards there is talk of a first and a second schoolmaster in the Falkenau registers. The town school has always been next to the parish and archdeanate house. In 1872/1873 a citizens' school was set up and rebuilt on the market square. This should form the middle link between the ordinary five-class elementary school and the lower secondary school. Children between the ages of 12 and 14 from the city and district were taught here in three classes with separate sexes.
Jewish life and synagogue
In 1435 the Count Schlick received the privilege to settle Jews here. Since then, between 1550 and 1850, two to a maximum of four Jewish families lived in Falkenau. In 1651 it was the four families of Salomon Schlam, Seligmann Schlam, Löw and Alexander Eliass, a total of 21 people. It was not until 1865 that the number of inhabitants of the Mosaic denomination rose, in 1890 there were 136 families, in 1910 there were 248 families, in 1938 there were 55 families. In 1939 not a single Jewish citizen lived in Falkenau. First of all, a cultural association was established in Falkenau, which rented a prayer room, and around 1896 a synagogue was built on Schillerstrasse, which was consecrated in August 1897. In November pogrom of 1938 it was burned down.
In 1877 a municipal cemetery was set up, on which an area for Jewish burials was also created. After the Munich Agreement in 1938, the Jewish residents left Falkenau, and many moved to what is known as the “rest of the Czech Republic” in order to get to safety. The remainder were deported in 1942.
Hop growing
The area around Falkenau was an area of intensive hop cultivation from the second half of the 17th century . The first to plant hops here was the citizen Andreas Heintzl (1597–1673). The nature of the soil turned out to be particularly favorable for the cultivation, which became an important source of income for the population in the city and country around Falkenau. On the occasion of his visit to Falkenau in 1822, Goethe wrote: It is the Hofenbau ... which adorns the stretched hills behind the city in rows for hours, an unmistakable garden nearby, widespread bushes in the distance . These hops were located in the entire Falkenau domain and the cultivation was protected by strict regulations. So z. B. Saplings outside of the Falkenau rule are neither sold nor given away. The buoyant hop-growing industry came to a complete standstill from around 1880. On the one hand, the use of lignite as fuel had severely impaired the air quality. Archdechant Michael Pelleter wrote around 1880 of "soot that is constantly settling out of the smoke", on the other hand there were poor harvests due to blackness and fire hat and thirdly, the demand from breweries and hop traders had declined.
Mining
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In the 16th and 17th centuries, the first mines in the nearby Altsattl have been identified, in which the extraction of alum was the focus. With a court decree of March 16, 1793, the mineral coal was included in the mountain shelf . It allowed everyone to dig for her on his land. First, in December 1797 in Falkenau, lignite mining was reported to a modest extent in a council minutes . Five citizens, mostly with low-income trades such as weavers and bricklayers, had suspicions about lignite, the first was Matthäus Leistner (* 1749), who had started it around 1795 on the Kalkhübel near the sheep farm near Unterreichenau. Falkenau is not one of the old mining towns, but the extremely rich deposits of lignite were one of the most important economic factors in the region from the middle of the 19th century.
The lignite mine near Unterreichenau was opened in 1814, where the coal store was found while digging a well on a farm. All other mining facilities around Falkenau are of later origin. In the 19th century it was essentially the mines of the Johann David Starck company , J. Radler's heirs, the Wiener-Kohlenindustrie-Vereine, CW Weinkauf, the Zieditz-Haberspirker coal union, M. Peters Erben, the Britannia-union and company JR Eaton. In the 20th century, the coal magnates Julius Petschek and Ignaz Petschek gained increasing influence through company acquisitions. Shortly before the outbreak of the First World War, most of the shares in the British company Britannia were sold to Ignaz Petschek in Aussig. In 1872, a mining district office was set up in Falkenau, to which the political districts of Asch , Eger and Graslitz were assigned.
Population development
Until 1945 Falkenau was mostly populated by German Bohemia , which were expelled.
| year | Residents | Remarks |
|---|---|---|
| 1651 | 860 | all Germans |
| 1785 | k. A. | 290 houses, including a few homes of Jewish families |
| 1800 | 3,500 | |
| 1830 | 1,889 | in 363 houses |
| 1847 | 2,060 | in 386 houses, including two Israelite families |
| 1870 | 3,329 | |
| 1900 | 7,376 | mostly German residents |
| 1910 | 8,867 | of which 8,717 Germans, 42 Czechs and 108 others |
| 1921 | 10.151 | thereof 9,588 Germans |
| 1930 | 11,381 | thereof 10,153 Germans and 1,228 Czechs |
| 1939 | 10,598 | of which 1,053 Protestants, 9,288 Catholics and 20 other Christians (no Jews) |
| year | 1970 | 1980 | 1991 | 2001 | 2003 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Residents | 18 256 | 24 763 | 25 210 | 25 081 | 24 901 |
politics
coat of arms
Description: In silver on a green mountain of three, a naturally colored falcon ready to fly to the right with a golden bell on the golden muzzle.
Town twinning
Culture and sights
Buildings
The main buildings of interest cluster around the Old Square ( Staré Namestí ). Information boards report on the historical background.
- The castle was given its current appearance during renovations in the classicist style in the 19th century. Today it houses the Sokolov District Museum and the City Library.
- historical town hall
- It is a Renaissance building from 1540 and served as the town hall until the middle of the 20th century. Today the management of the mining company Sokolvská uhelná has its seat there.
- Falcon Well
- The fountain from 1717 depicts the legendary founder of the city, a falcon-breeding knight with his dog and a falcon.
- Miners 'House (miners' home)
- This house was designed by a student of Adolf Loos, the architect Rudolf Wels . The outer facade of the building, which was built in 1923/1924, is adorned with a large eight-part relief on the subject of a day in the life of a miner . This is where the city's cultural center is located.
- St. Jacob's Church
- The church was founded in the 13th century. Today's baroque church has a single nave with a west tower.
- Capuchin Church.
- The monastery, founded in the 17th century, has been used as a concert hall after renovations. The crypt of the Nostitz family was renovated in 1999.
- Trinity Chapel
- Built in 1719 as a cemetery chapel, in the years 1772–1774 baroque redesign, a. a. with frescoes by Elias Dollhopf . The chapel is now used by the Orthodox Church.
- Marian column
Green spaces and recreation
- "Na Hardu" (Hardhöhe) hill with an observation tower, east of the city center
Culture and sport
- The cultural center in the miners' house manages the city theater, the exhibition rooms in the former church of the Capuchin monastery and supports the city's voluntary cultural associations.
- The football team of FK Baník Sokolov plays in the second division .
- Sokolov has an indoor swimming pool, an indoor ice stadium, a golf course and an athletics hall.
Economy and Infrastructure
Companies
The most important company is the mining company that mines lignite in the Sokolov area. With increasing depletion of the deposits, the focus of activities shifts more and more to the recultivation of the area.
Another important industrial company in Sokolov is the machine manufacturer Sokolovská strojírna , a company founded in 1931 that emerged from the repair shop of the lignite mining company.
BMW intends to build a test track in the region that will go into operation in the early 2020s.
traffic
Rail transport
Sokolov owns a station on the electrified main line Chomutov – Cheb . In Sokolov, the cross-border branch line to Klingenthal branches off from this line . There are direct train connections with Cheb , Chomutov , Ústí nad Labem , Prague and Zwickau .
Sokolov station is included in the ČD-Kurýr system (express transport of small shipments).
In 2008 the station was renovated in the platform area. The station building is still in its old condition. There is also a bus station next to the train station.
City bus transport
There are 6 bus routes for inner-city public transport that operate from 4 a.m. to 11 p.m.
The timetable change on July 1, 2004 resulted in a fundamental restructuring of bus traffic. Before that, there were 14 lines that ran according to a very complicated plan: Individual lines sometimes ran different routes, the intervals were very irregular, and most lines had only a few Trips on working days.
Personalities
literature
- Memorial book of the city of Falkenau , P. Joseph Körbl, 1841
- Michael Pelleter: Memories of the city of Falkenau an der Eger and its immediate surroundings. A contribution to the history of the German Bohemia. Falkenau 1876 ( e-copy ). New series: Tachau 1882.
- Hugo Theisinger and Josef Fritsch: Falkenau, City and Country. From the Egerland. Obermayer, Buchloe 1983
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ http://www.uir.cz/obec/560286/Sokolov
- ↑ Český statistický úřad - The population of the Czech municipalities as of January 1, 2019 (PDF; 7.4 MiB)
- ↑ http://www.uir.cz/casti-obce-obec/560286/Obec-Sokolov
- ↑ http://www.uir.cz/zsj-obec/560286/Obec-Sokolov
- ↑ http://www.uir.cz/katastralni-uzemi-obec/560286/Obec-Sokolov
- ↑ Gradl, Monumenta Egrana I 326
- ↑ http://www.notthphia.de/sitze/falkenau.htm
- ↑ Archived copy ( Memento from April 11, 2016 in the Internet Archive )
- ^ City archive Falkenau, certified copy of the donation letter from 1497
- ↑ Memories of the city of Falkenau an der Eger; Falkenau 1876 by Michael Pelleter. Vol. 1, p. 13
- ↑ a b City book of Falkenau (1483–1528), by D. Karl Friedrich Rietsch; Messages from the association f. History of the Germans in Bohemia, 1895
- ^ From the Egerland - Falkenau - city and country; H. Theisinger, Verlag Obermayer; P. 236
- ↑ Memories of the city of Falkenau an der Eger; Falkenau 1876 by Michael Pelleter. Vol. 1, p. 104
- ↑ Falkenauer Chronik des Joh. Ferdinand Kirchberger 1620–1813, year 1621
- ↑ Memories of the city of Falkenau an der Eger; Falkenau 1876 by Michael Pelleter. Vol. 1, p. 112
- ↑ Memories of the city of Falkenau an der Eger; Falkenau 1876 by Michael Pelleter. Vol. 1, p. 117
- ↑ Baptism, marriage and death records Falkenau ad Eger, vol. 1, deaths of the year 1633 under 'Tempore Pestis'
- ↑ Memories of the city of Falkenau an der Eger; Falkenau 1876 by Michael Pelleter. Vol. 1, p. 134
- ↑ Memories of the city of Falkenau an der Eger; Tachau 1882 by Michael Pelleter. Vol. 2., p. 9
- ↑ Memories of the city of Falkenau an der Eger; Tachau 1882 by Michael Pelleter. Vol. 2, p. 28 ff
- ↑ Falkenauer Chronik des Joh. Ferdinand Kirchberger 1620–1813, year 1742
- ↑ Falkenauer Chronik des Joh. Ferdinand Kirchberger 1620–1813, year 1753
- ↑ Memories of the city of Falkenau an der Eger; Tachau 1882 by Michael Pelleter. Vol. 2, p. 30 ff
- ↑ Volkswirthschaftliche Zeitung. [… (Railway news.) […] The Ministry of Commerce has… The Fatherland, August 17, 1872]
- ^ Johann Wolfgang Brügel : Czechs and Germans 1918–1938. Munich 1967.
- ↑ The infantryman Samuel Fuller , who later became known as an actor, screenwriter and director, documented this incident with a 16 mm camera. ( One day )
- ↑ copy book city Falkenau (City Archives), 1584
- ↑ Chronicle of the Elbogen citizen, councilor and master cloth maker Georg Thomas Schumann (1636–1712)
- ↑ a b List of subjects / population census of the Elbogen district from 1651
- ↑ Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006).
- ↑ Gustav Treixler, History of the Jews in Falkenau, Elbogen and the surrounding area, in: H. Gold (ed.), The Jews and Jewish communities of Bohemia in the past and present, Brünn / Prague 1934, pp. 135-139
- ↑ http: //www.jüdische-gemeinden.de/index.php/gemeinden/eg/602-falkenau-boehmen
- ↑ Memories of the city of Falkenau an der Eger; Tachau 1882 by Michael Pelleter. Vol. 2, p. 72
- ^ A b Mining in Falkenau from 1800-1850 and mining in Falkenau from 1900-1945
- ^ Ernst Pfohl: Ortlexikon Sudetenland. Page 129. Helmut Preussler Verlag-Nürnberg. 1987. ISBN 3-925362-47-9
- ^ From the Egerland - Falkenau - city and country; H. Theisinger, Verlag Obermayer; P. 248
- ^ Felix Bomann: Censuses and Voter Lists .
- ^ Rudolf Hemmerle : Sudetenland Lexicon . Ed .: Adam Kraft Verlag. 2nd Edition. tape 4 , 1985, ISBN 3-8083-1163-0 , pp. 144 .
- ↑ Jaroslaus Schaller : Topography of the Kingdom of Bohemia . Volume 2: Ellbogner Kreis , Prague 1785, pp. 39-45, item 1) .
- ↑ Yearbooks of the Bohemian Museum of Natural and Regional Studies, History, Art and Literature . Volume 2, Prague 1831, p. 200, paragraph 17.
- ↑ Johann Gottfried Sommer : The Kingdom of Bohemia . Volume 15: Elbogner Kreis , Prague 1847, p. 25.
- ↑ Community newspaper for Asch and the surrounding area . No. 13 of April 1, 1871, p. 30, see Miscellaneous
- ^ Meyer's Large Conversational Lexicon . 6th edition, Volume 6, Leipzig and Vienna 1906, p. 292.
- ^ Sudetenland Genealogy Network
- ^ A b Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. Landkreis Falkenau (Czech. Sokolow, formerly Falknov). (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006).
- ↑ Czech population statistics
- ↑ https://www.press.bmwgroup.com/deutschland/article/detail/T0277183DE/bmw-group-kuendigt-bau-eines-neuen-erprobungsgelaendes-in-der-tschechischen- Republik-an