Feni (district)

Feni District
Basic data
Country	Bangladesh
division	Chittagong
Seat	Feni
surface	990.4 km²
Residents	1,437,371 (2011)
density	1451 inhabitants per km²
ISO 3166-2	BD-16
Website	www.feni.gov.bd

Coordinates: 23 ° 0 '  N , 91 ° 14'  E

The Feni District ( Bengali : ফেনী জেলা , Phenī jelā ) is an administrative unit in southeastern Bangladesh , which lies within the Chittagong Division . The district has 1,437,371 inhabitants (2011 census). The largest city in the district is the district capital of the same name, Feni .

geography

The 990.36 km² district borders in the north on the neighboring district of Kumilla and the Indian state of Tripura , which is also to the east. To the south of the Feni district border the Chittagong and Noakhali districts , which is also to the west.

The most important rivers are the Feni and the Muhuri ("little Feni").

The Mohammad Ali Chowdhury Mosque

Nature and wildlife

The vegetation corresponds to that of the entire lower course of the Ganges with numerous evergreen trees. There are also fruit trees, palms and banana trees.

Wildlife includes jackals, foxes, the Bengal mongoose , civets , squirrels and bats. There are also numerous species of birds, fish, reptiles, numerous species of snakes and amphibians.

climate

The climate is subtropical and the temperatures fluctuate between 14.4 ° C and 34.3 ° Celsius. The average annual rainfall is 3302 mm. The average humidity is usually more than 70%. There is little rain in the months from November to March. June, July and August are the months with the most rain.

history

Archaeological finds show that the area was settled for several thousand years. It subsequently shared the history of Bengal. After 1870 the British created an administrative unit Fenny as part of the Noakhali district, which became today's district on March 1, 1984.

population

Population development

As everywhere in Bangladesh, the population in the district has been growing rapidly for decades. The following table illustrates this:

Significant places

The most populous place within the district is the district capital Feni . Other towns are Chhagalnaiya , Daganbhuiyan , Parshuram and Sonagazi . The urban population makes up 20.44 percent of the total population.

Distribution urban and rural population

Feni is one of the most rural districts within the country. The distribution:

Urban and rural population in Feni District
	1974 census		1981 census		1991 census		2001 census		2011 census
	number	proportion of	number	proportion of	number	proportion of	number	proportion of	number	proportion of
TOTAL	760.015	100%	898.851	100%	1,096,745	100%	1,240,384	100%	1,437,371	100%
CITY	15,428	2.03	57,560	6.40%	95,878	8.74%	170.200	13.72%	293,742	20.44%
COUNTRY	744,587	97.97	841.291	93.60%	1,000,867	91.26%	1,070,184	86.28%	1,143,629	79.56%
Source: Zila Feni in the 2011 census, table PT-01, page 17

District population by gender

Very atypical for Bangladesh, the female population today exceeds the number of male residents. The relationship between men and women was always quite balanced.

Distribution of the population by gender in Feni district
	1974 census		1981 census		1991 census		2001 census		2011 census
	number	proportion of	number	proportion of	number	proportion of	number	proportion of	number	proportion of
TOTAL	760.015	100%	898.851	100%	1,096,745	100%	1,240,384	100%	1,437,371	100%
Men	391.479	51.51%	451.318	50.21%	550.797	50.22%	616.128	49.67%	694.128	48.29%
Women	368,536	48.49%	447,533	49.79%	545.948	49.78%	624.256	50.33%	743.243	51.71%
Source: Zila Feni in the 2011 census, table PT-02, page 17

Ethnic groups

Almost the entire population consists of Bengali. The recognized minorities number a total of only 639 people. Of these, 267 are Chakmas, 27 are Barmon and 26 are Tripuri.

religion

Almost the entire population is Hindu or Muslim. The Muslims alone make up more than ninety percent of the population. The proportion of Hindus is increasing in absolute terms. But their share is constantly falling.

year	Buddhists		Christians		Hindus		Muslims		Other		Total
	number	proportion of	number	proportion of	number	proportion of	number	proportion of	number	proportion of	number	proportion of
1981	116	0.01%	97	0.01%	70,891	7.89%	827.486	92.06%	261	0.03%	898.851	100.00%
1991	295	0.03%	56	0.01%	78,373	7.14%	1,017,741	92.80%	280	0.02%	1,096,745	100.00%
2001	235	0.02%	60	0.00%	80,543	6.49%	1,159,374	93.47%	172	0.01%	1,240,384	100.00%
2011	408	0.03%	182	0.01%	83,773	5.83%	1,352,866	94.12%	142	0.01%	1,437,371	100.00%
Source: Zila Feni in the 2011 census, table PT-14, page 22

In the six Upazilas (sub-districts) the distribution is as follows:

Population in the district's Upazilas by religion
Upazila	TOTAL	Muslims		Hindus		Buddhists		Christians		Other
	Residents	number	proportion of	number	proportion of	number	proportion of	number	proportion of	number	proportion of
Chhangalnaiya	187.156	182.193	97.35%	4887	2.61%	34	0.02%	25th	0.01%	17th	0.01%
Daganbhuiyan	254.402	239.459	94.12%	14,889	5.85%	18th	0.01%	28	0.01%	8th	0.00%
Feni Sadar	512,646	477,777	93.20%	34,417	6.71%	254	0.05%	115	0.02%	83	0.02%
Fulgazi	119,558	110.356	92.30%	9197	7.69%	0	0.00%	4th	0.00%	1	0.00%
Parshuram	101,062	96,872	95.85%	4175	4.13%	5	0.00%	2	0.00%	8th	0.01%
Sonagazi	262,547	246.209	93.78%	16,208	6.17%	97	0.04%	8th	0.00%	25th	0.01%
Source: 2011 census result

administration

Feni District is currently divided into six so-called Upazilas : Chhangalnaiya, Daganbhuiyan, Feni Sadar, Fulgazi, Parshuram and Sonagazi. Within this administrative subdivision there are five self-governing municipalities , 43 Union Parishads (village councils) and 553 villages.

economy

There are a total of 1,107,431 people (2011) who are older than 10 years. Of these, 368,513 people are in school, 20,282 people looking for work and 392,032 people work in a household. 326,604 people are gainfully employed. Of these, 99,410 (= 30.4 percent) work in agriculture and fishing, 41,205 in industry and 185,989 in services.

Main agricultural products are potatoes, rice, onions, legumes , wheat, sugar cane, various vegetables and spices. The most common types of fruit are papayas, bananas, peaches, jackfruit , mangoes, litchis , coconuts and limes.

health

There is a single hospital and a health center in each subdistrict. There are also smaller health centers and family planning centers at the local level.

traffic

There is only one railway line in the entire district, the Chittagong-Dhaka railway line. Therefore, the regional traffic is mostly handled with auto rickshaws and minibuses and the supraregional traffic with buses.

Personalities

• Khaleda Zia , Prime Minister from 1991 to 1996 and since 2001

Web links

• Article on the Feni District by Tipu Sultan at Banglapedia
• Feni at the 2011 census
• Zila Feni at the 2011 census