Leuggern

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Leuggern
Coat of arms of Leuggern
State : SwitzerlandSwitzerland Switzerland
Canton : Kanton AargauKanton Aargau Aargau (AG)
District : Zurzachw
BFS no. : 4313i1 f3 f4
Postal code : 5316
UN / LOCODE : CH LGE
Coordinates : 658 593  /  270118 coordinates: 47 ° 34 '45 "  N , 8 ° 13' 3"  O ; CH1903:  658,593  /  270118
Height : 331  m above sea level M.
Height range : 311-547 m above sea level M.
Area : 13.76  km²
Residents: 2135 (December 31, 2019)
Population density : 155 inhabitants per km²
Proportion of foreigners :
(residents without
citizenship ) 		20.1% (December 31, 2019)
Website: www.leuggern.ch
Parish church and former Johanniterkommende

Parish church and former Johanniterkommende
Location of the municipality
Klingnauer Stausee Deutschland Kanton Zürich Bezirk Aarau Bezirk Baden Bezirk Brugg Bezirk Laufenburg Bad Zurzach Baldingen AG Böbikon Böttstein Döttingen AG Endingen AG Fisibach Full-Reuenthal Kaiserstuhl AG Klingnau Koblenz AG Leibstadt Lengnau AG Leuggern Mellikon Rekingen Rietheim AG Rümikon Schneisingen Siglistorf Tegerfelden WislikofenMap of Leuggern
About this picture
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Leuggern ( Swiss German : Lüggere, ˈlykərə ) is a municipality in the Swiss canton of Aargau . It belongs to the Zurzach district , its municipal area lies at the confluence of the Aare into the Rhine and the border with Germany .

geography

The municipality is located west of the Aare and includes several villages and hamlets. The smaller northern part of the approximately six kilometers long and up to three kilometers wide municipal area lies in the fertile river plain of the Aare. On the southwestern edge of this plain, roughly in the middle of the community area, is the main town of Leuggern ( 332  m above sea level ) on a hill . About one kilometer north of it, separated from Leuggern by the wooded Herdlenhügel, lies the village of Gippingen ( 320  m above sea level ) on the western bank of the Klingnau reservoir . Another two kilometers further north is the former workers' settlement Felsenau ( 318  m above sea level ) at the mouth of the Aare . Between Gippingen and Felsenau lies the Gippinger Grien nature reserve with partially silted old courses of the Aare and a wide floodplain forest .

The western and southern part of the municipality is shaped by the foothills of the Table Jura . The wreath of hills, mostly covered by forest, stretches from the Hochwacht in the north to the Schnäggeberg in the south. The highest point in the municipality is at 547 meters south-west of Hagenfirst, the lowest at 312 meters near Felsenau on the banks of the Rhine. The hamlets of Fehrental ( 396  m above sea level ) and Schlatt ( 436  m above sea level ) lie on a plateau south of Leuggern, and in the south-west in the Guntebach valley are the hamlets of Hettenschwil ( 369  m above sea level ) and Etzwil ( 415  m above sea level ) m above sea level ) and Hagenfirst ( 478  m above sea level ). The area of ​​the municipality is 1376 hectares , 514 hectares of which are forested and 131 hectares are built over. Neighboring communities are Full-Reuenthal in the north-north-west, Waldshut-Tiengen in the north, Koblenz in the north-east, Klingnau in the east, Böttstein in the south-east, Mandach in the south, Mettauertal in the west and Leibstadt in the north-west.

history

The earliest traces of settlement date from the Neolithic Age . During the Bronze Age there were two villages near Leuggern and Gippingen. Around 500 BC The Helvetii , a Celtic tribe , took possession of the area. From around 15 BC The Romans consolidated their rule and built several estates to supply the Vindonissa legionary camp near Windisch with food. Between 259 and 277 which held Alemanni the area around Leuggern occupied before they were pushed back by the Romans. The Rhine temporarily formed the northern border of the Roman Empire; there was a watchtower near Felsenau. At the beginning of the 5th century, the Romans finally withdrew across the Alps . The Alemanni settled the region in the following centuries and displaced or assimilated the older, Romanized population.

The Johanniterkommende after Matthäus Merian 1654

The village of Gippingen probably originated in the 7th century, Leuggern in the 8th century. In the Middle Ages, Leuggern developed into the center of a small domain. The church of Lutgern was first mentioned in a document in 1231, when the Free von Bernau bequeathed their property to the Order of St. John . The place name comes from the Old High German Liutgeresrein and means "easy slope of the Liutger". The Johanniter initially assigned their newly acquired property to the Kommende Bubikon in the Zurich Oberland . In 1250 the Kommende Leuggern was founded . It developed into the religious and political center of the Leuggern parish , which comprised the present-day communities of Leuggern, Böttstein, Full-Reuenthal and Leibstadt. In 1284, Count Ludwig von Frohburg-Homberg and his wife, Countess Elisabeth von Rapperswil , gave the village of Dogern as a gift .

In 1415 the confederates conquered Aargau and replaced the Habsburgs as sovereigns. The parish was now part of the county of Baden , a common rule . It bordered in the west on Upper Austria , which had remained with the Habsburgs, and from 1460 on in the south on the Bernese Aargau . During the Swabian War of 1499, the villages of the parish suffered severe devastation and looting. From 1529 to 1531, troops of the reformed city of Bern occupied the parish, but the population remained Catholic.

Historical aerial photo by Werner Friedli from September 5, 1949

In March 1798 the French took Switzerland and the parish came to the short-lived canton of Baden in the Helvetic Republic . The municipalities of Böttstein and Leuggern were created. During the Second Coalition War in 1799, the front line between the French and Austrians ran right through the Aare Valley. The French had set up a camp at the confluence of the Aare and Rhine rivers. The population suffered great hardship through requisitions and compulsory billeting.

After 1803 by the Act of Mediation of Napoleon Bonaparte dissolved Baden, the Canton of Aargau and had risen in the canton, the villages of the parish were reunited in a single community. With an area of ​​over 30 square kilometers, it was the largest in the canton. In 1816, the Great Council decided to split the large community into the communities of Böttstein, Leuggern and Oberleibstadt. It was of the opinion that such a large community without an actual center was not economically viable. The cantonal government first converted the Coming into a state domain and finally dissolved it in 1819. After several changes of ownership, the commander's building was converted into a hospital.

The population of Leuggern lived largely from agriculture until the early 20th century , and industrialization was slow to take hold. In the course of the railway boom in the 1870s, there were numerous railway projects that were never realized. The Aargau Southern Railway failed with its plan to build a railway line from Brugg via Leuggern to Waldshut . On August 1, 1892, the Koblenz – Stein-Säckingen railway was opened , which runs through the northern section of the municipality and crosses the Aare at Felsenau over the Felsenau – Koblenz bridge. The line was closed to passenger traffic on May 28, 1994 on the Laufenburg – Koblenz section .

Until the end of the 19th century, the Aare meandered heavily between Klingnau and Gippingen. At the turn of the century, the canton had the river straightened. Between 1931 and 1935, the Klingnau reservoir was created through the construction of the Klingnau power plant , which is now an important resting place for migratory birds and is under nature protection. The natural paradise was threatened from 1950 by plans for a river port. This was part of a project for a shipping connection from the Rhine to Lake Geneva (see Trans-Helvetic Canal ). Fierce resistance arose, which at the end of the 1980s led to the final failure of the project, which was economically questionable from the point of view of landscape protection.

Attractions

  • The Catholic Church of St. Peter and Paul.
  • On the western edge of the village in the Guntebach valley lies the Lourdes grotto ( location ), an exact replica of the grotto in the French pilgrimage site of Lourdes . It was inaugurated in 1929 and supplemented by the Way of the Cross in 1934 ; the oak wood reliefs of the 14 stations come from the artist Beat Gasser .
  • The Schwedenkreuz stands above Hettenschwil ; Today's wooden cross was built in 1935 on the site of an older cross. According to local tradition, the name goes back to events during the Thirty Years War.
  • At the crossroads on the Strick, a low mountain crossing between the Rhine and Aaeretal valleys, there is a memorial to the former Border Brigade 5 to commemorate the occupation of the border in World War II .

coat of arms

The blazon of the municipal coat of arms reads: "In red and white Maltese cross on a white ring." The Maltese cross was introduced in 1926 in memory of the Order of St. John and the Order of Malta as the municipal coat of arms. The highlighted ring was added in 1973 after the Order of Malta complained about the unchanged adoption of the coat of arms.

population

The population developed as follows:

year 1798 1850 1900 1930 1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010
Residents 698 1193 1013 1211 1374 1421 1589 1665 2001 2192 2123

On December 31, 2019, 2135 people lived in Leuggern, the proportion of foreigners was 20.1%. In the 2015 census, 53.7% described themselves as Roman Catholic and 16.3% as Reformed ; 30.0% were non-denominational or belonged to other faiths. In the 2000 census, 93.6% said their main language was German , 1.8% Italian , 1.6% Serbo-Croatian and 0.8% French .

Politics and law

The assembly of those entitled to vote, the municipal assembly , exercises legislative power. The executing authority is the five-member municipal council . He is elected by the people in the majority procedure, his term of office is four years. The parish council leads and represents the parish. To this end, it implements the resolutions of the municipal assembly and the tasks assigned to it by the canton. The Zurzach District Court is the first instance responsible for legal disputes . Leuggern belongs to the XVII (Zurzach) judges' circle.

economy

According to the corporate structure statistics (STATENT) collected in 2015, Leuggern has around 1,100 jobs, 11% of them in agriculture, 23% in industry and 66% in the service sector. The industrial and service businesses are mainly concentrated in Leuggern, Felsenau and Gippingen, while the small hamlets are dominated by agriculture. The most important employer is the Leuggern regional hospital in the buildings of the former Kommende. Around three quarters of the workforce are commuters and work in the surrounding communities of the lower Aare valley or in the Baden / Brugg region .

From 1880, gypsum was mined in an open pit near Felsenau , and a small mine was built in 1910 . The gypsum was processed on site in a factory of the Swiss Gypsum Union. A small workers' settlement was built around the factory. In 1928 the gypsum deposits were exhausted and the factory then produced cement until it finally closed its doors in 1990.

traffic

Aare bridge on the cantonal road between Felsenau and Koblenz, built in 1936

The village of Leuggern lies at the intersection of several streets, the most important of which is Hauptstrasse 17 from Leibstadt via Döttingen in the direction of Zurich . Three post bus lines provide a connection to the public transport network: from Döttingen to Laufenburg train station , from Döttingen to Mandach and from Koblenz train station to Leibstadt.

The main road 7 from Basel to St. Margrethen crosses the Aare at Felsenau on a road bridge about 800 m below the railway bridge. The bridge, built from 1935 to 1936 based on a project by the Zurich engineer Karl Kihm , has two high trussed arches , which were designed by C. Zschokke AG and Wartmann & Cie. were delivered. The bridge stands directly at the confluence of the Aare into the Rhine (see list of Aare bridges ). In 2003, a footbridge was added to the bridge for non-motorized traffic, and from 2006 the steel bridge was renovated. A hiking trail that has been developed for the disabled runs over the side dam of the Klingnau reservoir . A regional hiking trail leads through Gippingen and over the Holzbuck into the Mettauertal and to Etzgen on the Rhine. At the municipal boundary of Leuggern, it passes the village of Siebenwege in the forest .

education

The community has two kindergartens in Gippingen and Hettenschwil, two primary schools in Gippingen and Leuggern and a district school in Leuggern. The junior high school and the secondary school can either Leibstadt or Kleindöttingen (municipality Böttstein ) be visited. The closest grammar schools are the Baden Cantonal School and the Wettingen Cantonal School .

Sporting events

The district of Gippingen is one of the cycling strongholds in Switzerland. VC Gippingen, founded in 1919, has been organizing bike races since 1926. The Grand Prix of the Canton of Aargau, which has been held since 1964, is part of the UCI Europe Tour and has established itself as the most important professional one-day race in Switzerland. Gippingen was two stages of the Tour de Suisse ( 1974 and 2013 ) and the venue for the 2019 three-country championship . Since 1979, the VC Gippingen has been running the Gipping Reservoir on December 31st, a popular athletics event with more than 1,000 participants. The Johanniterlauf has been held in and around Leuggern since 1982, always on the driveway .

Personalities

literature

Web links

Commons : Leuggern  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Cantonal population statistics 2019. Department of Finance and Resources, Statistics Aargau, March 30, 2020, accessed on April 2, 2019 .
  2. ↑ Cantonal population statistics 2019. Department of Finance and Resources, Statistics Aargau, March 30, 2020, accessed on April 2, 2019 .
  3. ↑ a b Beat Zehnder: The community names of the canton of Aargau . In: Historical Society of the Canton of Aargau (Ed.): Argovia . tape 100 . Verlag Sauerländer, Aarau 1991, ISBN 3-7941-3122-3 , p. 250-253 .
  4. ↑ Protection order for the Gippinger Grien : 1994.
  5. ^ National map of Switzerland, sheet 1050, Swisstopo.
  6. ↑ Standard area statistics - municipalities according to 4 main areas. Federal Statistical Office , November 26, 2018, accessed on June 13, 2019 .
  7. ^ Aegidius Tschudi: Chronicon Helveticum, Volume I., p. 191.
  8. ↑ Jürg Andrea Bossardt, Urs N. Kaufmann: The Roman Catholic. Parish Church of St. Peter and Paul Leuggern. (Swiss Art Guide, No. 917, Series 92). Ed.  Society for Swiss Art History GSK. Bern 2012, ISBN 978-3-03797-072-0 .
  9. ^ Lourdes grotto Leuggern. Aargau Tourism, accessed on June 13, 2019 .
  10. ↑ Schwedenkreuz in the inventory of historical monuments in the canton of Aargau . Retrieved November 6, 2019.
  11. ^ Joseph Galliker, Marcel Giger: Municipal coat of arms of the Canton of Aargau . Lehrmittelverlag des Kantons Aargau, book 2004, ISBN 3-906738-07-8 , p. 202 .
  12. ↑ Population development in the municipalities of the Canton of Aargau since 1850. (Excel) In: Eidg. Volkszählung 2000. Statistics Aargau, 2001, archived from the original on October 8, 2018 ; accessed on June 13, 2019 .
  13. ↑ Resident population by religious affiliation, 2015. (Excel) In: Population and Households, Community Tables 2015. Statistics Aargau, accessed on June 13, 2019 .
  14. ↑ Swiss Federal Census 2000: Economic resident population by main language as well as by districts and municipalities. (Excel) Statistics Aargau, archived from the original on August 12, 2018 ; accessed on June 13, 2019 .
  15. ↑ circles of justice of the peace. Canton of Aargau, accessed on June 14, 2019 .
  16. ↑ Statistics of the corporate structure (STATENT). (Excel, 157 kB) Statistics Aargau, 2016, accessed on June 13, 2019 .
  17. ↑ Cycling in Gippingen
  18. ^ Johanniterlauf of SV Leuggern