Gosau

The title of this article is ambiguous. Further meanings are listed under Gosau (disambiguation) .

Gosau
coat of arms	Austria map
Basic data
Country:	Austria
State :	Upper Austria
Political District :	Gmunden
License plate :	GM
Surface:	113.4 km²
Coordinates :	47 ° 35 '  N , 13 ° 32'  E Coordinates: 47 ° 35 '0 "  N , 13 ° 32' 0"  E
Height :	767  m above sea level A.
Residents :	1,794 (January 1, 2020)
Population density :	16 inhabitants per km²
Postcodes :	4824, 4825
Area code :	06136
Community code :	4 07 06
Address of the municipal administration:	Gosau 444 4824, 4825 Gosau
Website:	www.gosau.ooe.gv.at
politics
Mayor :	Friedrich Posch ( SPÖ )
Municipal Council : (Election year: 2015) (19 members)	10 5 4th 10 5 4th  A total of 19 seats SPÖ : 10 ÖVP : 5 FPÖ : 4
Location of Gosau in the Gmunden district
Gosau in winter from the Hohen Kalmberg, against the Gosaukamm and the Dachstein West ski area
Source: Municipal data from Statistics Austria

Gosau is a municipality with 1794 inhabitants (as of January 1, 2020) in Upper Austria in the Gmunden district in the Traunviertel , and is located in the Gosau valley , an elongated side valley of the upper Traun valley on Lake Hallstatt . The region is located in the Inner Salzkammergut , on the edge of the Hallstatt-Dachstein Salzkammergut UNESCO World Heritage Site . The community is located in the judicial district of Bad Ischl .

Location and landscape

Gosau is widely scattered on the Gosaubach in the Salzkammergut , in a side valley of the Traun Valley crossed by the Gosauzwang , with its confluence with Lake Hallstatt . The Gosau valley, which is completely occupied by the community, runs eastward in a valley gorge, then turns south-east and widens to a valley basin , the Gosau basin , which forms the main settlement area. From the village of Gosau, a road leads over the rear valley Gosauschmied up to the Vorderen Gosausee , where there is a beautiful view of the Dachstein . From there the valley runs over the Gosaulacke and the Hinteren Gosausee in a south-westerly direction towards the main line of the Dachstein massif .

The valley region forms a sub-region of the Upper Austrian spatial unit Salzkammergut-Talungen , the mountain areas belong to the Salzkammergut pre-Alps . The northern edge of the valley is formed by Hochkalmberg - Rußberg of the Osterhorn group , the southern area by the Plassen group and Schwarzkogel group as foothills of the Dachstein mountains . The landscape dominating border in the west is the Gosaukamm ( Donnerkogel 2055  m , Großwand 2415  m ), upstream from the Zwieselalm , at the northern foothills of which (Hornspitze) the Gschütt pass as the transition into the Salzburg Lammertal represents the easiest access to the valley. Today the Gosau valley is opened up by the B 166, which runs from Gosauzwang on Lake Hallstatt via Gosau - Gschütt pass - Rußbach  - Abtenau - Annaberg to the Tauern motorway at Niedernfritz in Ennspongau .

The extension is 13.1 km from north to south and 17.4 km from west to east. 58.9% of the area is forested. The main town of Gosau is 767 m above sea level.

The southern parts of the municipality have been in the central Dachstein area since 1963 and expanded as a nature reserve since 1995, including the Gosau lakes as a Natura 2000 protection zone since 1998 and a European protection area since 2001.

Community structure

The community consists of a Katastralgemeinde (08,675), and (valley) from the villages Klaushof, Baernau, Jager Bauer, Vordertal ⊙ , Grafner, Ramsau, location Gosau, Auer, Kirchschlag, Steiner mill Mittertal ⊙ , Ötscheranger, Kranabet, Hintertal ⊙ with Gosauschmied

The responsible judicial district is Bad Ischl .

Neighboring communities

Russbach am Pass Gschütt  Sbg.	Bad Goisern on Lake Hallstatt
Abtenau  Sbg. Annaberg-Lungötz  Sbg.		Hallstatt
Filzmoos  Sbg.	Ramsau am Dachstein  Styria

climate

The climate in the Gosau Valley is cold and temperate with significant rainfall throughout the year. This in combination with the inversion weather situation , which is often present due to the pool location, ensures the reputation of the place as a "snow hole". Snow depths of over one meter are regularly reached, new snow amounts of up to almost 10 meters are possible. At the same time, however, the valley is almost always free of fog, because it cannot penetrate from there due to the elevated position opposite the Traun Valley.

Gosau
Climate diagram
J F. M. A. M. J J A. S. O N D.     92   0 -8th     85   3 -7     91   8th -3     107   12 1     126   17th 5     176   21st 9     179   22nd 10     159   22nd 10     111   18th 7th     93   12 2     100   5 -2     110   1 -5 Temperature in ° C ,  precipitation in mm Source: climate-data.ord

Average monthly temperatures and rainfall for Gosau Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Max. Temperature ( ° C ) 0.4 2.7 7.5 12.1 17.2 20.5 22.3 21.5 18.1 12.4 5.4 1.2 O 11.8 Min. Temperature (° C) -7.5 -6.5 -3.0 0.8 5.4 8.7 10.2 9.8 6.7 2.3 -1.6 -5.4 O 1.7 Temperature (° C) -3.6 -1.9 2.2 6.4 11.3 14.6 16.2 15.6 12.4 7.3 1.9 -2.1 O 6.7 Precipitation ( mm ) 92 85 91 107 126 176 179 159 111 93 100 110 Σ 1,429 Hours of sunshine ( h / d ) 2 3 5 5 6th 5 6th 6th 6th 5 3 2 O 4.5 Rainy days ( d ) 16 14th 13 16 17th 18th 18th 17th 14th 13 14th 14th Σ 184 Source: climate-data.ord

The peculiarity of the Gosau climate in the northern dam of the Dachstein ensures that there are 4 glaciers on the northwestern slopes of the Dachstein (Great and Small Gosau Glacier, Schneeloch Glacier and Northern Torstein Glacier), of which the Great Gosau Glacier is still there despite major losses in recent decades reaches down to an altitude of around 2,400 m.

history

The valley around Gosau was settled in the 13th century by monks from St. Peter's Abbey in Salzburg. Gosau was first mentioned in a document in 1231. Most of the residents lived from forestry and delivered the wood to Hallstatt for salt production. Many farmers operated an alpine pasture. Most of these alpine pastures are still preserved today.

In 1295 a salt works built in Gosau by Albrecht I von Habsburg was destroyed by troops of Archbishop Konrad IV von Fohnsdorf . This was the climax of the Gosau Salt War from 1291 to 1295 between the Principality of Austria ob der Enns and the Archdiocese of Salzburg.

Since 1441 at the latest, Gosau has been part of the Principality of Austria ob der Enns , at that time already part of the Habsburg family . The exact time of the transfer from the Archdiocese of Salzburg to the Habsburgs cannot be determined, but the need for wood in the Hallstatt saltworks is likely to have strongly encouraged interest in the Gosau Valley as the "mother of the forests".

The Catholic parish church of Gosau , which is consecrated to St. Sebastian and has Hallstatt as its mother parish, has existed since 1507 . A wooden St. Jakobs chapel, which is assigned to the mother parish of Abtenau, may have existed at the "Kirchschlag" much earlier.

In February 1602, troops of the Prince Archbishop of Salzburg Wolf Dietrich von Raitenau ended a rebellion of the Protestant Gosau residents as part of the Salzkammergut uprising on the Gschütt Pass .

In 1781 a Protestant tolerance congregation was founded , which built a prayer house in 1784 .

During the Napoleonic Wars , the place was occupied several times.

After the Protestant patent was issued, today's Evangelical Parish Church in Gosau was built in 1869 .

In 1913, the Gosau power plant operated by Stern & Hafferl Verkehrsgesellschaft was completed, part of a large storage power plant project that began in 1907 with planned 5 power plants from Hinteren Gosausee to Hallstätter See . As a result, the water level of the Vorderen Gosau lake was raised to the current mark and the current landscape of the Gosau lake with Dachstein was created.

Since 1918 the place belongs to the federal state of Upper Austria. After the annexation of Austria to the German Reich on March 13, 1938, the place belonged to the Gau Oberdonau . After 1945 the restoration of Upper Austria took place.

population

Gosau is one of the few Protestant parishes in Austria. Approx. 71% of the population are Protestant AB

Due to the seclusion of the valley, Protestantism survived the Counter Reformation ( crypto-Protestantism ). The importance of local labor and social peace for salt production in the region were decisive for the fact that religious reprisals by the authorities were comparatively limited. It was not until Josef II's tolerance patent from 1781 that Protestants around the Dachstein were able to practice their religion again, at least partially in public. The Protestant Patent Franz Joseph of 1861 she set largely the same with the Catholics.

Population development

year	1869	1880	1890	1900	1910	1923	1934	1951	1961	1971	1981	1991	2001	2010	2015
Residents	1,164	1,158	1,192	1,328	1,451	1,492	1,669	1,773	1,767	1,806	1,851	1,942	1,944	1,864	1,743

The declining population development since the turn of the millennium is mainly due to a decline in the birth rate and a balanced migration balance.

politics

• The municipal council consists of 19 members. The last municipal council election in 2015 resulted in the following allocation of mandates:
• SPÖ 10 mandates
• ÖVP 5 mandates
• FPÖ 4 mandates

After the resignation of Gerhard Gamsjäger (SPÖ) as mayor, Friedrich Posch (SPÖ) was elected as the new mayor of Gosau by the local council on January 8, 2015.

coat of arms

Blazon : Three silver tips in blue , the middle one extending to the edge of the shield, with a red ammonite inside.

The silver tips represent the mountains that characterize the place, especially the Dachstein massif and the Gosaukamm. The ammonite refers to the fossils from the Gosau layers , the deposits of the Gosaumeeres , for which the place is named.

The community colors are red-white-blue.

economy

In the past, the inhabitants lived mainly from forestry and salt mining in the neighboring town of Hallstatt. Self-sufficiency in pasture farming and the extraction of grinding stones also played a role in earlier centuries. Today tourism plays the main role in the region.

Leitbetrieb is with a balance sheet total of approx. Dachstein Tourismus AG as operator of the Upper Austrian part of the Dachstein-West ski area was EUR 25 million . In addition to a few small tradespeople (e.g. the Laserer carpenter's workshop), it is primarily the tourism businesses that shape economic life in Gosau.

Tourism and tourism

Gosausee with Dachstein

The church district of Gosau with the characteristic two churches and the Kalvarienberg chapel

Overview of the Gosau valley with the Gosaukamm

The tourist community of Gosau belongs to the Dachstein Salzkammergut holiday region (formerly called Inneres Salzkammergut ) at the foot of the Dachstein (2996 m above sea level). The view from the Vorderen Gosau lake to the easternmost glacier in the Alps is well known.

Tourist development

With the regular presence of the imperial court in the Salzkammergut , tourism in the region began in 1850 . More and more mountain tourists and summer visitors discovered the Gosau valley and the Dachstein as a holiday destination. The proximity to the imperial city of Bad Ischl brought many day-trippers to Gosau in summer. As a day trip, they drove to the Gosauschmied's inn to eat a "Schwarzreiter" (tasty, but now extinct fish from Lake Gosau ) or to be carried to the Zwieselalm by chair carriers .

Mountain tourism gained massive importance in the first third of the 20th century. Pioneers like Friedrich Simony drew the attention of the mainly urban mountain movement of the alpine clubs to the Dachstein. The elaborate construction of the Adamekhütte of the Vienna section Austria of the Austrian Alpine Club in 1907 on the way from Gosau to the Dachstein is an expression of the spirit of optimism at the time. The beginning of ski tourism hit Gosau in the 1920s, at times there were so many tourers on the road that huts on the Zwieselalm and also the Adamekhütte stayed open throughout the winter. Last but not least, it was the climbers who discovered Gosau and the easy accessibility to the Dachstein and the limestone peaks of the Gosaukamm . The most famous in the early years was Paul Preuß , who fell fatally on the Mandlkogel in 1913 after many first ascents in the Gosaukamm.

The construction of the ski lifts in Gosau from the beginning of the 1970s and the opening of the east in the beginning of the 1990s both resulted in significant increases in overnight stays.

Current tourism

The overnight statistics in Gosau show a fairly even distribution between summer and winter tourism. 150 tourism businesses currently achieve around 300,000 overnight stays annually with around 2,000 beds and thus around a third of the volume in the Dachstein Salzkammergut holiday region .

Winter tourism benefits from the traditionally good snow conditions due to the northern accumulation of the Dachstein and is mainly based on alpine skiing in the Dachstein-West ski region . In addition to classic multi-day guests, the ski region also attracts day tourists, especially from the central region of Upper Austria. The network of trails in the almost flat valley floor is groomed from early winter until well into spring due to the altitude and temperature profile. 142 kilometers of slopes, 58 lifts, 60 km of cross-country trails (45 classic, 15 km skating) make the Dachstein-West ski area the largest in Upper Austria. Snowshoeers, winter hikers, tobogganers and ski tourers also benefit from the almost complete absence of fog in the valley. The possibilities especially for tourers are very diverse in Gosau, with beginners' tours near the valley to high alpine activities in the Gosaukamm and on the Dachstein.

Summer tourism is shaped by the alpine surroundings of the place. Three alpine refuge huts ( Adamekhütte at the foot of the Dachstein glacier, Gablonzerhütte on the Zwieselalm and Goisererhütte on the Hohen Kalmberg) are available for hiking, mountain and climbing tours, also as multi-day tours, around 10 managed alpine pastures are open in summer. The Gosau hiking trail network extends over 300 kilometers, countless alpine climbing routes of all levels of difficulty, two climbing gardens in the valley and around half a dozen via ferratas between Gosauschmied and Dachstein summit are available. The Gosaukammbahn serves as a feeder from Gosausee to the Zwieselalm hiking area. Mountain bikers benefit from a forest network of around 1,200 km in the entire Dachstein Salzkammergut region , to which Gosau is connected several times.

Not only sport attracts many guests to the Gosau Valley , but also traditional craft, culture and customs . The quarrying of natural whetstones in the quarries below the Löckermoos on the east side of the valley, which has been reactivated for tourism purposes, should be emphasized here .

The Urzeitwald family adventure park is operated at the Hinteren Stausee, and focuses on the geological past of the region.

Gosau is the only place in the region to have an indoor swimming pool with a 25-meter lap pool, sauna and solarium.

View from Hornspitz to the Dachstein West ski area

Panoramic picture of Gosau with Plassen, Dachstein and Gosaukamm

Culture and sights

The Gosau-Alm with the Dachstein, 1846. Illustration of the Niederen Holzmeisteralm on the Gosaulacke in Austria, Friedrich Gauermann .

Already in the 19th century Gosau gained a certain reputation as an idyll through pictures by famous painters such B. Adalbert Stifter , Ferdinand Georg Waldmüller (he coined the term "Austrian Switzerland" for the Salzkammergut) and Friedrich Gauermann . From the latter the picture "The Gosau-Alm with the Dachstein" is exhibited in the Austrian National Library.

The clichéd mountain landscape provided the framework for film projects several times: 1952 weather lights on the Dachstein, 1957 Almenrausch and Edelweiß with Theo Lingen, 2008 Krupp - a German family, 2009 SOKO Donau u. a.

1997 parts were of Gosau in the context of historical cultural landscape Hallstatt-Dachstein / Salzkammergut for UNESCO raised world natural and world heritage site.

In 2008, Gosau with the grinding stone quarries and the Löckermoos high moor was the exhibition venue for the Upper Austrian provincial exhibition with the main location Gmunden. In 2015 the Löckermoos won the Upper Austrian selection of the ORF show "9 Places, 9 Treasures".

In 2010/11 the Austrian director and screenwriter Julian Roman Pölsler filmed the novel Die Wand by Marlen Haushofer in Gosau with Martina Gedeck in the leading role. The film of the same name had its premiere in 2012 at the Berlinale . In 2016, Pölsler filmed the Haushofer novel We kill Stella in Gosau , also with Martina Gedeck in the leading role. The shooting location was again at the Jagdhaus and the Vorderen Holzmeisteralm.

• See also:  List of listed objects in Gosau
• Gosau Lakes
• Dachstein
• Löckermoos high moor with historical grindstone quarries
• Catholic parish church Gosau
• Evangelical parish church Gosau
• Paarhof open-air museum "Schmiedbauern", right next to the family adventure park "Urzeitwald"
• Kalvarienberg with Kalvarienbergkapelle
• formerly Gosau Castle

• 

  Gosau grindstone quarries, Daxler mining site

• 

  Löckermoos Gosau Gosaukamm

• 

  Paarhof open-air museum "Schmiedbauern" in Gosau-Hintertal

• 

  Evangelical Church Gosau with rectory

• 

  Cave Wild woman hole on the Grubenalm

Personalities

Sons and daughters

• Gerhard Egger (* 1949), composer and author
• Therese Eisenmann (* 1953), painter and graphic artist
• Georg Hubmer (1755–1833), alluvial entrepreneur
• Paul Jaeg (* 1949), artist and writer
• Walter Laserer (* 1961), mountaineer
• Gustav Pomberger (* 1949), computer scientist
• Karl Spielbüchler (1911–1992), politician and forest worker, mayor of Gosau

Honorary citizen

• Josef Ackerl (* 1946), politician
• Jakob Hammerl (* 1936), Catholic pastor, Gosau
• Hubert Königswieser, community doctor in Gosau
• Josef Pühringer (* 1949), politician, governor of Upper Austria (1995-2017)
• Anna Ringer (* 1956)
• Norbert Ringer (* 1954), community doctor in Gosau until 2013
• Hans-Peter Schmaranzer (1944–2015), Mayor of Gosau

Other personalities

• Hans Eder (1890–1944), bishop, pastor in Gosau
• Karl Spielbüchler (1939–2012), constitutional judge, lived in Gosau
• Leopold Temmel (1913–2000), theologian, pastor in Gosau

Web links

Commons : Gosau  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Wikivoyage: Gosau  - travel guide

• Official website of the community of Gosau
• Further information about the community of Gosau on the geographic information system of the federal state of Upper Austria .

Individual evidence

1. ↑ educational project gosaunet.at: Snow history Gosau. Retrieved September 11, 2015 . 
2. ^ Salzburg Wiki: Salzkrieg Salzkammergut. Retrieved June 11, 2015 . 
3. ↑ Paul Bauer: Comment on: Karl Amon, the emergence of the parish Gosau. In: Yearbook of the Upper Austrian Museum Association. 1973. online (PDF) in the forum OoeGeschichte.at
4. ↑ The creation of the parish. (No longer available online.) Evangelisches Pfarramt Gosau AB, archived from the original on October 22, 2007 ; Retrieved October 19, 2012 . 
5. ^ Elisabeth Mansfeld: Legal aspects of the persecution of heretics in the Archduchy of Austria in the reign of Charles VI. Dissertation. Ed .: University of Vienna. Vienna March 2008, II. The Austrian Hereditary Lands 2.2. The land above the Enns , S. 136–147 ( pdf , othes.univie.ac.at).
6. ↑ Gosau population statistics: Province of Upper Austria - key figures according to regional selection. Retrieved August 11, 2015 . 
7. ^ Herbert Erich Baumert: The coats of arms of the cities, markets and communities of Upper Austria (5th supplement 1977-1979) . In: Oberösterreichische Heimatblätter, Heft 3/4, 1980, p. 122 ( online (PDF) in the forum OoeGeschichte.at)
8. ↑ List of UNESCO World Heritages: http://whc.unesco.org/en/list/806/
9. ↑ Bishop Dr. Hans Eder and the Protestant Church in Austria in the era of National Socialism: Archive link ( Memento from October 1, 2015 in the Internet Archive )
10. ^ Obituary for the constitutional judge Karl Spielbüchler on nachrichten.at