Culture trail

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Old route of the San Bernardino pass from eastern Switzerland to Ticino .

The term Kulturspur referred to in today's cultural landscape preserved elements of landscape formations, agriculture, building culture and architecture , transport or social life as well as ancient commercial use forms that have been created by man. In contrast to other traces of human activity, traces of culture are often not included in the protection of monuments or nature , or they are not yet classified or documented as cultural assets. A cultural trail is a sign of a cultural heritage. A larger number of similar cultural traces is an expression of a culture or civilization .

General meaning

Traces of culture are evidence of a civilizational development and thus an important part of the history of a landscape. The term is mostly used with regional or local references. These traces, which can still be read in the landscape today, are part of history, they bear witness to the life and work of previous generations and can be seen as stages in a historical development. Cultural and historical sights or cultural landscape elements are expressions of a cultural trail. Capturing, documenting and preparing it for a broad public means actively dealing with history and offering the opportunity to recall the importance of a cultural area. Dealing with traces of culture promotes historical awareness and can create identity. The suffix "-spur" is intended to make it clear that the cultural element is part of a historical context.

advancement

Searching for cultural traces is u. a. subsidized by the LEADER project , an EU project for regional funding. This is related to various overarching EU initiatives such as B. the European Heritage Label to document the cultural diversity of Europe.

Examples

The objects of former human activities are extremely diverse: vineyard terraces , field terraces , raft lands , caves, mountain paths, ponds and ponds, pollarded willows , pavement , house signs , house , field and district names , settlement remains, places of celebration and sacrifice, gallows , casemates , ice cellars , Alleys , tunnels , mills, guild and guild symbols, shipwrecks, routes of traffic routes, traces of military actions, orchards , herb gardens, field crosses , war memorials , former canals, wells , silted up harbors, impoundments, water reservoirs, drainage ditches , fords , ravines or Chapels . Occasionally, cultural finds are discovered by chance on hikes or walks on the mudflats at low tide. In the districts of Augsburg and Aichach-Friedberg, the University of Augsburg (Chair for Human Geography and Geoinformatics ) has been running a major project to protect cultural traces since 2013 .

Preservation and research of the cultural traces in the North Frisian Wadden Sea is also dedicated to the development of such civilizing evidence. This involves the Coast archeology the documentation of cultural heritage in the protected excavation area of the North Frisian Wadden Sea. In today's North Frisian Wadden Sea, numerous traces of culture, such as terps, sod wells, remains of dikes, corridors or traces of salt peat mining, are important witnesses of the past cultural landscape, which was restored to nature by the force of the storm surges.

A specialty are traces of culture, left behind by colonial powers in former colonies. Objects here are associations, clubs, architecture, schools, hospitals or trading offices.

Scientific importance

In archeology , coastal archeology , anthropology and geography Culture tracks are systematically z. B. recorded in databases, maps and catalogs, evaluated for their importance and, depending on the importance, proposed for the protection of cultural property . These findings can also be used in construction planning, for example. A cultural trace of elements that have been preserved can convey derivations of their former meaning. Mobile objects such as tools, consumer goods etc. are exhibited as objects in museums to illustrate a cultural meaning. Scientific security is also so important because today's cultural landscape partially allows the old artifacts to disappear.

Other meanings

For tourism, cultural traces are of increasing importance for the upgrading of a region. You will e.g. B. explained on signs to explain the culture trail on site. Also, the customs and culture maintenance (z. B. folk songs , etc.), voice care (for. Example, Romansh , Provenzalisch , Basque , Sorbisch etc.), (eg. A separate or lost culture islands Basque culture or Katharer ), or regional Traditional costumes (see Sorbian costumes and others) are an expression of cultural traces, especially when only a small group is dedicated to this traditional culture. In a broader term, the influences and influences of historical personalities or artists also count among the cultural traces.

transience

It is part of the essence of traces of culture that newer traces of culture occur more frequently than older ones. The main reason is the natural decay through weathering, erosion etc. Of course, traces of culture are endangered by overbuilding. Often objects are archaeologically secured before a construction project. Recognition as a monument (valuation), protective and security measures and accompanying maintenance are necessary for future preservation. Movable artifact, such as B. Tools, weapons, jewelry or grave goods are secured in museums.

Gallery with examples from different perspectives

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c Traces of culture in the landscape. Retrieved February 2, 2020 .
  2. ^ Traces of culture in the Wittelsbacher Land - Wittelsbacher Land Association. Wittelsbacher Land e. V., accessed on February 4, 2020 .
  3. ^ A b c Researchers are looking for early traces of culture in the Augsburg district. July 4, 2018, accessed February 2, 2020 .
  4. ↑ a b c d Schwabmünchen - Traces of the Past: University is looking for traces of culture from the 7,000-year-old settlement in the Augsburg district. In: Focus Online . June 29, 2018, accessed February 3, 2020 .
  5. ↑ Editor: Traces of culture hidden in the silt | shz.de. Nordfriesland Tageblatt, July 7, 2011, accessed on February 2, 2020 .
  6. ↑ Traces of culture on paths and corridors. In: Abendschau . Bayerischer Rundfunk , March 25, 2019, accessed on February 3, 2020 .
  7. ↑ "Traces of Culture". In: My home. Retrieved February 3, 2020 .
  8. ↑ Everyone should look for traces of culture. In: Aichacher Zeitung . November 23, 2012, accessed February 3, 2020 .
  9. ^ Archaeological State Office Schleswig-Holstein: Preservation and research of the cultural traces in the North Frisian Wadden Sea. State government of Schleswig-Holstein, accessed on February 2, 2020 .
  10. ^ Storm surges and traces of culture - coastal archeology in Schleswig Holstein | Dr. Dirk Meier. Retrieved February 4, 2020 .
  11. ^ Deutsche Welle (www.dw.com): Cultural traces of well-known Germans | DW | 08/19/2011. Retrieved February 2, 2020 (German).