Landau on the Isar

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coat of arms Germany map
Coat of arms of the city of Landau an der Isar
Landau on the Isar
Map of Germany, location of the city of Landau an der Isar highlighted

Coordinates: 48 ° 40 '  N , 12 ° 42'  E

Basic data
State : Bavaria
Administrative region : Lower Bavaria
County : Dingolfing-Landau
Height : 377 m above sea level NHN
Area : 84.41 km 2
Residents: 13,562 (Dec. 31, 2019)
Population density : 161 inhabitants per km 2
Postal code : 94405
Area code : 09951
License plate : DGF, LAN
Community key : 09 2 79 122

City administration address :
Oberer Stadtplatz 1
94405 Landau
Website : www.landau-isar.de
Mayor : Matthias Kohlmayer (LGM)
Location of the city of Landau an der Isar in the district of Dingolfing-Landau
map

Landau an der Isar ( listen ? / I , officially: Landau adIsar ) (not to be confused with Landau in the Palatinate ) is the second largest and, with its foundation in 1224, the oldest town in the Lower Bavarian district of Dingolfing-Landau in Bavaria . Audio file / audio sample

geography

Location and special features

The old town of Landau is at an altitude of 390 meters above sea ​​level ('Upper City'), above the slope of the Isar valley. This came to Landau nickname mountain town . The newer 'Lower City' is more than 50 meters deeper in the valley floor of the Isar valley and is traversed by the Isar. The old town was able to retain its medieval structure. Even today, in the map and aerial view of the moat and the old cruciform landscaped main roads recognizable. From 1991 to 1999 the old town was renovated, creating a modern marketplace.

City structure

The city has 78 parish parts. In addition to the main town of Landau adIsar, it includes the parish chambers , Mettenhausen , Niederhöcking , Reichersdorf and Zeholfing as well as the church villages of Oberframmering, Oberhöcking, Rottersdorf, Usterling , Wolfsdorf and Zulling . This also includes the villages of Ahausen, Bach, Dietlsberg, Fichtheim, Frammeringermoos, Hilgersdorf, Holleröd, Kleegarten, Möding , Poldering, Thalham, Thanhöcking, Weihern, Wildthurn, Windschnur and Zanklau and the hamlets Ashöcking, Brunnhof, Haag, Hochberg, Holzhäuseln, Kleinkager , Kothingeichendorf , Rappach, Rohrbach, Sonderham, Steinbeißen, Steinhaus, Stocka, Unterframmering and Weilnbach. The wastelands ( single settlements ) Moos, Aign, Attenhausen, Bartlsberg, Biberg, Brunnmann, Christlöd, Dattenberg, Einsiedl, Entensee, Flexöd, Friedhoföd, Großkager, Hoferöd, wooden houses, Jungholzen, Kettn, Kühbach, Lanzenöd, Leberl, Leithn, Moosmühle, Pöringerschwaig , Rappensberg, Rohrhof, Rufenberg, Schauereck, Scheern, Schlüpfing, Schönberg, Schreieröd, Straß, Thambach, Tuntenberg and Wolfsgasse are also included.

history

City plan from 1798
Postcard from Landau an der Isar, 1917

Until the 19th century

The "Upper Town" of Landau was founded in 1224 by the Wittelsbach Duke Ludwig dem Kelheimer , but at that time there was already a village settlement on the banks of the Isar - at the foot of today's city mountain - called "Land-Au". It is first mentioned in 1074. 1304 received the city from the dukes Otto III. and Stephan I. the securitization of the city's special rights.

On June 29, 1504, Landau was burned down in the Landshut War of Succession . Landau survived the Thirty Years' War unscathed. In the last year of the war, 1648, the city was saved from destruction by paying 5000 thalers to the Swedes. In 1713, 80 people died of the plague within six weeks. During the War of the Austrian Succession , Landau was almost completely destroyed on May 17 and 18, 1743, first by French and then by Austrian troops. After the peace treaty, Maria Theresa gave the city 600 ducats in 1750 for reconstruction. The city was a long-term care office and belonged to the Landshut Rent Office of the Electorate of Bavaria. Landau had a city court with extensive magistrate rights (regional court).

In 1829 Landau had 1624 inhabitants and 300 houses and in 1875 Landau was connected to the Landshut – Plattling railway, which was completed five years later .

20th century

In 1903 the Landau – Arnstorf railway line was opened. In 1911, Prince Regent Luitpold visited Landau.

During the time of National Socialism , Johann Baptist Huber was the parish priest in Landau. He died in 1942 in the Dachau concentration camp . At the end of the Second World War, Landau was defended against the advancing US troops and the bridges were blown up. On April 30, 1945 artillery fire destroyed the town hall and parts of the old town, with a total of 22 dead on the German side.

The new town hall could be handed over to its purpose in 1950. In 1959, the first Triumph factory opened in the new industrial area on Straubinger Strasse. In 1969, Landau on Harburger Strasse received a newly built high school.

Until the regional reform in Bavaria , Landau was the district town of its own district , the district of Landau an der Isar . With the reform, Landau became part of the newly created district of Untere Isar on July 1, 1972, which was named Dingolfing-Landau on May 1, 1973.

Incorporations

Frammering , Höcking, Niederhöcking, Oberhöcking, Mettenhausen, Reichersdorf and Zeholfing are old communities. On January 1, 1972, the previously independent municipality of Frammering and parts of the former municipality of Ganacker , which today belongs to Pilsting, were incorporated. On July 1, 1972, Mettenhausen, Reichersdorf and Zeholfing as well as parts of the dissolved parish Kammern were added. On January 1, 1978 the municipality Höcking was incorporated, which was created on January 1, 1971 through the merger of the previous municipalities Niederhöcking and Oberhöcking.

Population development

In the period from 1988 to 2018, the city grew from 11,223 to 13,390 by 2,167 inhabitants or 19.3%.

politics

The town hall
The city hall

From the local elections on March 16, 2014 , Helmut Steininger emerged as 1st mayor, the city council is composed as follows:

Party / list Share of votes Seats
Christian Social Union in Bavaria (CSU) 27.6% 7th
Social Democratic Party of Germany (SPD) 10.8% 3
Ecological Democratic Party (ödp) 8.1% 2
Independent voter community Land (UWG Land) 14.4% 3
Independent voter community / Free voter community (UWG / FWG) 14.2% 3
I like Landau (LGM) 13.5% 3
Voting Community Höcking (WGH) 11.3% 3

In the local elections on March 15, 2020 , Helmut Steininger and Matthias Kohlmayer entered the runoff election for the 1st mayor. There Matthias Kohlmayer (54.2%) was able to fight against Dr. Helmut Steininger (45.8%) prevail and is thus 1st Mayor of the city of Landau an der Isar.

The city council is now composed as follows:

Party / list Share of votes Seats
Christian Social Union in Bavaria (CSU) 22.7% 6th
Social Democratic Party of Germany (SPD) 5.9% 1
Ecological Democratic Party (ödp) 6.4% 2
Women list Landau / Isar eV (FLL) 7.3% 2
Independent voter community / Free voter community (UWG / FWG) 22.4% 5
I like Landau (LGM) 18.3% 4th
Voting Community Höcking (WGH) 9.9% 2
Young Citizens Landau (Young Citizens Landau) 7.1% 2

coat of arms

Blazon : Under a roughened shield head, a three-fold division of the field running slightly to the left.

It is the oldest shield-shaped seal that has been known in prints since 1263, and the oldest known city seal in Lower Bavaria.

Culture and sights

The marketplace
The parish church of the Assumption of Mary
Stone rock church of the Visitation of the Virgin Mary, choir and high altar
View from the Isar cycle path
360 ° panorama Landau ad Isar - Obere Stadt
Show as spherical panorama
View 360 ° panorama Landau ad Isar train station
as spherical panorama
360 ° panorama of the Isar hydroelectric power station near Landau
Show as a spherical panorama

Landau offers many cultural opportunities for its citizens, appearances in the town hall, the Lower Bavarian Archaeological Museum in the Kastenhof and the annual folk and wine festival are examples of this.

  • The parish church of St. Mary of the Assumption ( patronage : August 15) was built in 1713 under parish priest Phillip Rappoldsberger by the builder Dominikus Magazin from Graubünden . It is considered the most beautiful and largest baroque church building in the lower Isar valley. In addition to the magnificent high altar, the church interior also contains eight baroque side altars. The Friedenseiche , a natural monument , has stood next to the church since 1871 .
  • The late Gothic branch church St. Johannes in Usterling is equipped with an important winged altar from the surroundings of the Landshut carver Hans Leinberger .
  • The growing rock of Usterling (also: Johannisfelsen ): Over the course of thousands of years, a spring stream with its strongly calcareous water has built up a wall-like 40 m long and up to 5 m high bizarre rock.
  • The subsidiary church of the Conception of Mary is a late Gothic building with a characteristic saddle roof tower . Behind the church you can see Zulling's so-called devil's kick in the grass . These are two bare footprints around which a medieval legend is entwined. After that, particularly wealthy knights lived in a castle on the Isar. A valuable church was part of their property. According to legend, this was robbed. While jumping out of the north window of the church, the robber and the stolen goods were struck by lightning. Since then, no more grass has grown in the footsteps that were left behind.
  • Stone rock church ; the church "Mother Three Times Big in the Stone Rock" was built after the Thirty Years' War and was built under the parish priest Phillip Rappoldsberger. It houses many votive tablets from the 17th and 18th centuries and is one of the most important pilgrimage churches in the lower Isar valley.
  • The Heilig Kreuz cemetery church is the oldest church in the city. Little is known about the history of its origins. It is believed that it was built in the second half of the 15th century. Under the parish priest Rappoldsberger, in 1711 a baroque flat ceiling with paintings was added and the tower was raised, and some Gothic elements were also removed. From 1998 to 2006 the church was thoroughly renovated inside and out and now shines in new old splendor.
  • The Lower Bavarian Archaeological Museum has been housed in the so-called Kastenhof , the former ducal residence of Ludwig des Kelheimer , since 1995 . It is part of the State Archaeological Collection of the Free State of Bavaria .
  • The Landau local history museum has existed since 1958 and was reopened in 1999 with a new concept. It provides information about the rural lifestyle of the 19th century and guides you through the history of Landau in a separate section.
  • The Auwärter-Neoplan-Museum reflects the history of the Neoplan company , most recently with impressive exhibits. The inventory includes 28 buses from 1928 to 1990. From 1973 to 2008, the bus manufacturer's factory was located in the neighboring municipality of Pilsting .
  • The Castle Wildthurn in the same district is characterized by its with battlements occupied, late Romanesque keep visible from the 12th or 13th century. The associated palace complex was not built until the 16th century and was largely rebuilt in the late 18th and 19th centuries.

Architectural monuments

Economy and Infrastructure

economy

traffic

The city is accessible via the federal highway 20 and the federal highway 92 and lies with the train station Landau (Isar) on the railway line Landshut – Plattling . Trains of the Donau-Isar-Express run between Passau and Munich every hour .

Furthermore, a city bus “Der Landauer” runs every hour through the city from Monday to Saturday. Three other public transport lines connect the rural communities with the city.

State institutions

Former broadcasting system of the Bavarian Broadcasting Corporation

From 1950 to 1969, the Landau an der Isar transmitter was located near Ganacker (formerly Heeresflugfeld) , a medium-wave radio transmitter which broadcasts the Bavarian radio program on the 1602 kHz frequency.

Personalities

Former residents of Landau

Honorary citizen

  • Heinrich Kaspar Schmid (1874–1953), composer
  • Alois Schlögl (1893–1957), CSU politician, member of the state parliament and Minister of State for Food, Agriculture and Forests (1948–1954)
  • Arthur Piechler (1896–1974), cathedral organist in Augsburg and composer
  • Hans Kick (1917–2000), first mayor (term of office from 1966 to 1984)
  • Anton Sandner (1928–2012), first district fire officer in the new district of Dingolfing-Landau
  • Alfred Mittermeier (1931–2018), Sparkasse Director i. R.

Individual evidence

  1. "Data 2" sheet, Statistical Report A1200C 202041 Population of the municipalities, districts and administrative districts 1st quarter 2020 (population based on the 2011 census) ( help ).
  2. https://www.wahl.info/kandidaten/profil/matthias-kohlmayer_8098.html
  3. City Archives. Retrieved February 12, 2019 .
  4. ^ Wilhelm Volkert (ed.): Handbook of Bavarian offices, communities and courts 1799–1980 . CH Beck, Munich 1983, ISBN 3-406-09669-7 , p. 505 .
  5. ^ Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality directory for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer GmbH, Stuttgart / Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 634 .
  6. Bavarian State Office for Statistics and Data Processing: Local elections in Bavaria on March 16, 2014
  7. ↑ Runoff ballot BGM2020
  8. City council election City of Landau adIsar 2020
  9. a b House of Bavarian History - Bavaria's municipalities. Retrieved February 12, 2019 .
  10. Gertrud Keim, Stefan Glaser, Ulrich Lagally: Geotope in Niederbayern , In: Bayerisches Geologisches Landesamt (Ed.): Earth Science Contributions to Nature Conservation, Volume 4, Munich 2004, ISBN 978-3-940009-65-4 , p. 159
  11. idowa, Straubing, Germany: Landau an der Isar: local history museum: Still much to be done to reopen - idowa . In: idowa.de . ( idowa.de [accessed on July 8, 2018]).
  12. ^ Description of the castle . Online at schloss-wildthurn.com. Retrieved January 9, 2017.
  13. vermessungsamt-landau.de: Office for Digitization, Broadband and Surveying Landau adIsar - with Deggendorf branch
  14. plus.pnp.de: The Landau honorary citizen and former Sparkasse director Alfred Mittermeier died on Wednesday

Web links

Commons : Landau an der Isar  - collection of images, videos and audio files