Lenne (Ruhr)
The Lenne is a 129.1 km long, orographically left and southeastern tributary of the Ruhr in North Rhine-Westphalia , Germany . With an average discharge of 30.1 m³ / s it is the most water-rich and therefore the most important tributary of the Ruhr. The Lenne is dammed in many places to generate electricity.
geography
course
Lennequelle
The Lenne rises within the Hochsauerland in the Rothaar Mountains . The Lenne spring is located near the Winterberg core town, about 315 m west of the summit of the Kahler Asten ( 841.9 m ), the Astenturm observation tower at about 825 m above sea level. NHN . A small metal plaque was placed on site with the following inscription : "LENNEQUELLE - 830 m above sea level - length of the river 138 km" . The height and length given there contrast with the values given by the Cologne district government : 825 m high and 129.1 km long. You can get to the source on the Kahler Asten educational trail and the Rothaarsteig , which lead through the Hochheide .
Upper course
From its source, the Lenne flows through the Sauerland primarily in a westerly direction. It flows through the villages of Westfeld , Inderlenne and Oberkirchen . Between Westfeld and Oberkirchen the Nesselbach , which rises near Altastenberg, flows into the right, in Inderlenne on the right the Esenbeck and then in Winkhausen on the right the Sorpe . Below Gleidorf , where the Gleierbach joins on the right, the Lenne reaches Schmallenberg . Here the county coming from the east flows to the left . Three kilometers further, the Lenne Fleckenberg flows through , where the Latrop also flows on the left.
Middle course
The nearest major town on the river is to Lennestadt belonging and to the Saalhausen Hills lying Saalhausen what he the Lennestadt districts Langenei and Kickenbach happens. Then the Lenne flows gradually through the Altenhundem district , where the Hundem from the south joins on the left. From Altenhundem the river runs in the middle and later also in the lower reaches in a strongly meandering and with height differences of over 300 m partly deeply buried valley in a north-westerly direction. After passing the districts of Meggen and Maumke , it reaches the district of Grevenbrück . The Elspebach flows here on the right .
Below Grevenbrück, the Lenne reaches the municipality of Finnentrop , where it flows past the northeastern foothills of the Ebbe Mountains. The Bigge , which comes from the south-west and is dammed to the Biggesee near Attendorn, flows here on the left-hand side . Another major tributary in the Finnentrop area is the Fretterbach , which joins Lenhausen on the right. Behind Rönkhausen , from where the Lenne passes the Lenne Mountains , it reaches the urban area of Plettenberg .
Plettenberg itself is traversed by the Else , which in the district of Eiringhausen flows into the Lenne from the south. A little further downstream, the Lenne passes the Ohle district before it leaves Plettenberg in the direction of Werdohl . In Werdohl, the course of the river makes three meanders . Furthermore, the verse coming from the south ends here . Below the district of Ütterlingsen , the river reaches the urban area of Altena , where the stone bridge crosses the river. The Rahmede, which comes from the south, flows here on the left and, in Altena, after flowing around the Schlossberg with Altena Castle, the Nette flows into the Lenne on the right. Other localities on the river that belong to Altena are Mühlendorf , Linscheid , Knerling and Pragpaul . The Opperhusen then passed by the Lenne belongs to Nachrodt-Wiblingwerde , the districts of which the river then flows past Einsal , Obstfeld and Nachrodt .
Lower course
After passing the city limits of Iserlohn in the area of the Letmathe district , the Lenne reaches Lasbeck, which also belongs to Iserlohn . Before reaching Letmathe, the Grüner Bach joins on the right . The Lenne makes an arc here to the south and reaches the urban area of Hagen with the right-hand locality Oege and the left-hand Hohenlimburg , where it runs its course again to the northwest. In Hohenlimburg, an artificial white water system about 300 m long was built into the river bed of the Lenne, which is used as a canoe slalom competition course. A little later, Elsey , which also belongs to Hagen and Hohenlimburg , is reached.
muzzle
Then the Lenne flows east of the Hagen core city, to flow into the Rhine tributary Ruhr coming from the east at Bathey on the left at a height of 96.8 m . Opposite the mouth is the Hohensyburg .
Bed slope, catchment area and discharge volume
On its 129.1 km long path, the Lenne overcomes a height difference of 727 m, which corresponds to an average bed gradient of 5.6 ‰. It drains a catchment area of 1352.233 km². In its lower reaches, the Lenne has an average discharge volume of 30.1 m³ / s and thus almost doubles the water flow in the Ruhr.
Tributaries
The most important tributary of the Lenne is the 44.6 km long Bigge , which with a 369.133 km² catchment area contributes 27.3% to that of the Lenne. Other important tributaries are Hundem , Else and Verse , whose catchment area is larger than 50 km². Numerous tributaries of the Lenne, from their source to the mouth, are listed below. The length, the position of the mouth and, if available, the size of the respective catchment area are mentioned. Only tributaries with a length of more than 2 km or a catchment area larger than 5 km² are listed.
| Surname | page | Length ( km ) |
EZG ( km² ) |
Source | Muzzle | Position ( km ) |
GKZ |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| height ( m above sea level ) | |||||||
| Black sieving | right | 5.1 | 6.185 | 750 | 498 | 122.5 | 2766-112 |
| Nesselbach | right | 7.4 | 10.729 | 723 | 459 | 119.3 | 2766-12 |
| Waldsiepen | Left | 4.8 | 6.508 | 735 | 432 | 117.0 | 2766-132 |
| Hartmecke | Left | 4.3 | 5.102 | 733 | 429 | 116.8 | 2766-134 |
| Sorpe | right | 10.3 | 16.607 | 650 | 405 | 114.0 | 2766-14 |
| Gleierbach | right | 7.1 | 10.969 | 674 | 389 | 111.5 | 2766-16 |
| county | Left | 6.4 | 12,398 | 644 | 368 | 108.2 | 2766-18 |
| Latrop | Left | 11.0 | 30.019 | 694 | 349 | 104.4 | 2766-192 |
| Uentropic | Left | 5.8 | 9.506 | 630 | 335 | 101.2 | 2766-194 |
| Harbecke | right | 2.3 | 3,700 | 530 | 348 | 100.4 | 2766-1932 |
| Milchenbach | Left | 4.7 | 8,540 | 590 | 322 | 98.4 | 2766-196 |
| Gleierbach | right | 5.0 | 10.120 | 486 | 301 | 94.0 | 2766-198 |
| Dogs | Left | 14.5 | 128.946 | 614 | 269 | 86.4 | 2766-2 |
| Elspebach | right | 12.1 | 42,477 | 446 | 247 | 79.1 | 2766-34 |
| Veischedebach | Left | 16.6 | 42.829 | 510 | 245 | 78.4 | 2766-36 |
| Repe | Left | 11.4 | 26,367 | 495 | 241 | 77.3 | 2766-38 |
| Bigge | Left | 44.6 | 369.133 | 427 | 233 | 73.6 | 2766-4 |
| Fretterbach | right | 16.7 | 44.772 | 443 | 224 | 68.3 | 2766-52 |
| Glingebach | right | 6.6 | 12.623 | 477 | 220 | 66.1 | 2766-54 |
| Else | Left | 12.9 | 96.178 | 417 | 203 | 56.6 | 2766-6 |
| Almecke | Left | 6.4 | 6.625 | 489 | 192 | 51.0 | 2766-74 |
| Verses | Left | 24.5 | 79.966 | 539 | 182 | 45.4 | 2766-8 |
| Rahmede | Left | 11.7 | 29.854 | 385 | 158 | 30.0 | 2766-92 |
| Nice | right | 8.0 | 14.788 | 458 | 158 | 28.2 | 2766-94 |
| Brachtenbecke | Left | 4.4 | 7,152 | 442 | 157 | 25.3 | 2766-952 |
| Lasbeck Bach | Left | 5.5 | 5.712 | 432 | 132 | 18.2 | 2766-956 |
| Green brook | right | 11.6 | 25,183 | 457 | 128 | 16.1 | 2766-96 |
| Nahmerbach | Left | 11.2 | 25.948 | 446 | 117 | 10.5 | 2766-98 |
| Holthauser Bach | Left | 5.3 | 7.628 | 345 | 111 | 7.8 | 2766-992 |
| Wannebach | right | 6.2 | 8,782 | 236 | 107 | 5.4 | 2766-996 |
history
Recordings of flood events from the years 1682, 1808 to 1998 show that there were frequent floods on the lower reaches of the Lenne. The construction of the Biggetalsperre reduced the risk of flooding. The places Altena, Werdohl and Plettenberg are still threatened by flooding.
Water quality and structure quality and protected areas
The water quality is given to long distances with critically loaded (grade II-III) in partial areas with very dirty (grade III). Only on the stretch between the source and the confluence of the Latrop is the water quality indicated predominantly as moderately polluted, and in some areas as slightly polluted.
The water structure quality of the Lenne is given in the area from the source to the confluence of the Latrop mainly as moderately to significantly changed (quality classes 3 and 4). In the further course, however, the Lenne is predominantly indicated as being heavily to completely changed (quality classes 5 to 7).
Parts of the Lennelauf are designated as nature reserves (NSG) - for example NSG Oberes Lennetal in Schmallenberg , NSG Oberes Lennetal in Winterberg , NSG Lennetal below Schmallenberg - and as an FFH area .
fauna
Trout and grayling can be found in the Lenne . So far, gray herons , kingfisher , dipper , gray wagtail and mallard have been identified as breeding birds on the Lenne . The cormorant and black stork feed on.
Economy and power plants
The river Lenne plays an important role in supplying industrial companies located on it with process water . The former coal-fired power station near Werdohl was cooled with water from the Lenne. As a regenerative energy source , the Lenne has been used by around twelve run-of-river power stations since the 1920s . There are three plants around Plettenberg: Bockeloh , Ohle , Siesel . The Lenne also plays an important role in supplying water to the Ruhr area.
traffic
Long stretches of roads run along the Lenne. Between Westfeld and Oberkirchen it is the state road 640, which will then be replaced by the federal road 236 . This federal road accompanies the river to Iserlohn-Letmathe, where it is now led to the federal highway 46 . This motorway crosses the Lenne west of Letmathe. A little further downstream it is crossed by the federal highway 45 . The Lenne is accompanied by Kreisstraße 3 up to the mouth . In sight of the estuary, federal motorway 1 still crosses the Lenne.
The Lenne between Hagen and Altenhundem is also accompanied by the Lennetalbahn . This railway line leaves the river valley in Altenhundem and continues to Siegen . In addition, the 140 km long Lenneroute cycle path runs along the Lenne.
Culture
The flow area of the Lenne and the Lennegebirge are scenes of action in the novel “Der Femhof” by Josefa Berens-Totenohl . The Zoff group named Lennestrand and Lennesand as desirable places of eternal resting place in their title “Sauerland”.
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k l Topographical Information Management, Cologne District Government, Department GEObasis NRW ( information )
- ↑ Map services of the Federal Agency for Nature Conservation ( information )
- ↑ a b German Hydrological Yearbook Ruhr / Hagen-Hohenlimburg 2010 (PDF, 14.6 kB)
-
↑ orifice layer (at / near) the tributaries according to the flowing water Kilometrierung the Lenne;
According to the water station map in Topographical Information Management, Cologne District Government, Department GEObasis NRW ( information ) - ↑ Water directory of the State Office for Nature, Environment and Consumer Protection NRW 2010 (XLS; 4.67 MB) ( Notes )
- ↑ For a better overview and sorting downstream, a hyphen has been inserted for each river in the water code number (GKZ) after the number "2766", which stands for the Lenne .
- ↑ State Environment Agency Hagen (2000/2001): High water marks on the Lenne and the tributaries. (No longer available online.) Archived from the original on April 30, 2016 ; Retrieved April 26, 2016 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , on stua-ha.nrw.de (PDF; 105.1 kB)
- ↑ Staatliches Umweltamt Hagen (2000/2001): Historical flood events in the Lenne catchment area, part 1. (No longer available online.) Archived from the original on April 30, 2016 ; Retrieved April 26, 2016 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , on stua-ha.nrw.de (PDF; 115.2 kB)
- ↑ Staatliches Umweltamt Hagen (2000/2001): Historical flood events in the Lenne catchment area, part 2. (No longer available online.) Archived from the original on April 30, 2016 ; Retrieved April 26, 2016 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , on stua-ha.nrw.de (PDF; 2.77 MB)
- ↑ a b Initial situation water quality, water structure quality and fish (part 1) ( Memento from October 31, 2008 in the Internet Archive ), (PDF; 253 kB)
- ↑ Wasserkraftwerke (MK) (hydroelectric power plants in the Märkisches Kreis), on wasser.de
literature
- Johannes Wolburg : The Devonian in the area of the upper Lenne, Preußische Geologische Landesanstalt (Ed.), Issue 151, Berlin, 1933
- VNV: Annual report of the Ornithological Working Group (OAG) of the Association for Nature and Bird Protection in the Hochsauerlandkreis e. V. (VNV) for 2007 , Marsberg, 2007
Web links
- Profile Obere Lenne (to Bigge estuary) (PDF; 2.2 MB), on riversgebiete.nrw.de
- Profile of the Untere Lenne (from the Bigge estuary) (PDF; 2.3 MB), on flussgebiete.nrw.de
- Lenne history , on openstreetmap.org