Zalessye (Kaliningrad)
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Salessje
Mehlauken (Liebenfelde (Ostpr.)) Залесье
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Salessje (also: Zales'ye , Russian Залесье , German Mehlauken , 1938–1945 Liebenfelde in East Prussia , Lithuanian Mielaukiai ) is a settlement in the Polessk Rajon in the Russian Oblast of Kaliningrad . The place belongs to the municipal self-government unit of the Polessk district .
Geographical location
Salessje is on the regional road 27A-145 (ex A190 ), which leads to the federal road A216 . In town, a side road branches off via Vysokoye ( Popelken , 1938–1946 Markthausen ) to Majowka (Georgenburg) north of Chernyachovsk (Insterburg) . Zalessye is a train station on the Kaliningrad – Sovetsk railway line .
The place is located about 70 km east of Kaliningrad .
history
The market town of Mehlauken belonged to the Labiau district in the Königsberg administrative district in the Prussian province of East Prussia until 1945 and was the seat of a district court . From 1874 to the beginning of 1945 the place was named as the official seat for an administrative district .
On August 29, 1888, the rural community of Alt Palwlauken (no longer existing today) was incorporated into Mehlauken. The number of inhabitants was 663 in 1910, to which 165 from Adlig Mehlauken and 238 from the manor district of Mehlauken (forest) must be added.
Further incorporations took place in the 1920s: in 1922 the rural community Ant-Alexen (no longer existent), 1926 the rural community Alexen (1930 to 1946: Grotfeld, today Russian: Alexandrowka) and in 1928 the manor district Alt Sternberg (Russian: Podlipnoje, does not exist more). In 1933, the total population had grown to 2,741, when the communities Friedrichsmühle (until 1938: Luschninken, today Russian: Polewoi) and Kunzenrode (until 1938: Patilschen, Russian: Oruscheinoje, no longer existent) were incorporated on April 1, 1939 , the number rose to 4,091.
On June 3 - officially confirmed on 16 July - 1938 Mehlauken in "Love Field (. Ostpr)" was renamed .
After the Second World War , Liebenfelde was assigned to the Soviet Union within northern East Prussia . In June 1947 the place received the Russian name Zalessye . At the same time the place became the seat of a village soviet. Until July 1947 Zalessye belonged to Chernyakhovsk Raion , then to Bolshakovo Raion and since 1963 to Polessk Raion. From 2008 to 2016 Salessje was the seat of a rural community and has been part of the Polessk district since then.
Mehlauken / Liebenfelde district (1874 to 1945)
Between 1874 and 1945 the center was an administrative district with initially six, later only one municipality:
| Surname | Change name from 1938 to 1946 |
Russian name | Remarks |
|---|---|---|---|
| Noble Mehlauken | Liebenfelde | Zalessye | In 1888 it was converted into the rural community of Mehlauken |
| Alexen |
since 1930: Grotfeld |
Alexandrowka | 1926 incorporated into the rural community of Mehlauken |
| Old scrapes | Ehlertfelde | Krasnocholmskoye |
In 1896 it was renamed the rural community “Abschruten”, and in 1924 it was reclassified to the district of Piplin |
| Alt Palwlauken | In 1888 incorporated into the rural community of Mehlauken | ||
| Ant-Alexen | 1922 incorporated into the rural community of Mehlauken | ||
| Luschninken | Friedrichsmühle | Polevoi |
In 1924 reclassified to the Uszballen district, in 1939 reclassified to Liebenfelde |
Due to the structural changes, the Liebenfelde district (it was renamed in 1938) only consisted of the Liebenfelde community.
Salessowski selski Sowet / okrug 1947–2008
The village soviet Zalessovsky selski sovet (ru. Залесовский сельский Совет) was set up in June 1947 in the Chernyakhovsk district . In July 1947, the village soviet came to the newly created Bolshakovo Rajon . After its dissolution, the village soviet belonged to Polessk Raion since 1963 . After the collapse of the Soviet Union , the administrative unit existed as the village district Salessowski selski okrug (ru. Залесовский сельский округ). In 2008 the village district was transformed into the rural municipality Zalessovskoye selskoje posselenije.
| Place name | Name until 1947/50 | Remarks |
|---|---|---|
| Alexandrowka (Aleксaндровкa) | Alexen, with Mehlauken / Liebenfelde since 1926 | The place was renamed in 1947. |
| Blischneje (Ближнее) | Klein Elxnupönen, 1938–1945: "Kleinerlenfließ" | The place was renamed in 1947. |
| Dalneje (Дaльнее) | Bittkallen, 1938–1945: "Bitterfelde" | The place was renamed in 1947. |
| Gorki (Горки) | Peck | The place was renamed in 1947 and abandoned before 1988. |
| Iskrowo (Искрово) | Plattupönen, 1938–1945: "Breitflur" | The place was renamed in 1947. |
| Jagodnoye (Ягодное) | Bittehnen, 1938–1945: "Biehnendorf" | The place was renamed in 1947. |
| Kaschtanowo (Каштаново) | Schmilgienen, 1938–1945: "Kornfelde" | The place was renamed in 1947. |
| Krasnaya Polyana (Красная Поляна) | Uszballen / Uschballen, 1938–1945: "Mühlenau" | The place was renamed in 1947 and abandoned before 1988. |
| Krasnocholmskoje (Краснохолмское) | (Old) Abschruten, 1938–1945: "Ehlertfelde" | The place was renamed in 1947. |
| Luzhki (Лужки) | Groß Kallkeninken, 1938–1945: "Kalkfelde" and Klein Kallkeninken, 1938–1945: "Kleinkalkfelde" | The place was renamed in 1947 and abandoned before 1975. |
| Mochowoje (Моховое) | Abschruten [Gut], 1938–1945: "zu Ehlertfelde" and Löwenberg | The place was renamed in 1950 and probably connected to Krasnocholmskoje before 1975. |
| Novaya Shizn (Новая Жизнь) | Bittkallen, 1938–1945: "Bitterfelde" | The place was renamed in 1947 and was initially included in the village soviet Vysokovsky . Apparently, it is not the place Bittkallen / Bitterfelde, but the residential areas Friedrichswalde and Neu Domharthenen / Kleindomhardtfelde on the other side of the former Reichsstraße 138 . |
| Novoselskoye (Новосельское) | Dimming formwork, 1929–1947: Neuwiese | The place was renamed in 1947. |
| Oktyabrskoje (Октябрское) | Panzerlauken, 1938–1945: "Panzerfelde" | The place was renamed in 1947. |
| Oruscheinoje (Оружейное) | Patilschen, 1938–1945: "Kunzenrode", and Skieslauken, 1938–1945: "Mörnersfelde" | The place was renamed in 1950 and abandoned before 1975. |
| Peski (Пески) | Parwischken, 1938–1945: "Parwen" | The place was renamed in 1947. |
| Podlipnoje (Подлипное) | Alt Sternberg and Friedrichsdorf | The place was renamed in 1947 and connected to Alexandrowka before 1975. |
| Polevoi (Полевой) | Luschninken, 1938–1945: "Friedrichsmühle" | The place was renamed in 1950. |
| Sadowoje (Садовое) | Schillgallen, 1938–1945: "Heiderode" | The place was renamed in 1947 and abandoned before 1988. |
| Zalessye (Залесье) | Mehlauken, 1938–1945: "Liebenfelde" | Administrative headquarters |
| Zarechye (Заречье) | Schwirgslauken, 1938–1945: "Kornhöfen" | The place was renamed in 1947. |
| Zarya (Заря) | Mehlathal, 1938–1945: "Liebenhof" | The place was renamed in 1947 and abandoned before 1975. |
| Selenowo (Зеленово) | Minchenwalde, 1938–1945: "Lindenhorst" | The place was renamed in 1947. |
| Sujewka (Зуевка) | Rogainen, 1938–1945: "Hornfelde" | The place was renamed in 1947. |
| Vinogradnoye (Виноградное) | Schaudienen, 1938–1945: "Kornhöfen" | The place was renamed in 1947. |
The place Wischnjaki (Kischen) , which was renamed in 1947 and which was initially also included in the Salessowski selski Sowet, then (before 1975) became part of the Gastellowski selski Sowet .
Zalessovskoye selskoye posselenie 2008–2016
The rural community Zalessovskoye selskoje posselenije (ru. Залесовское сельское поселение) was established in 2008. Their association belonged to 17 each “settlement” (Russian: possjolok) called localities, which had previously belonged to the village district of Salessowski selski okrug. There were 2,111 inhabitants in the municipality (as of 2013). In 2017 the community was incorporated into the newly formed Polessk district .
| Place name | German name |
|---|---|
| Alexandrowka (Александровка) | Alexen |
| Blischneje (Ближнее) | Klein Elxnupönen / Kleinerlenfließ |
| Dalneje (Дальнее) | Bittkallen / Bitterfelde and Paschwentschen / Wittenrode |
| Iskrowo (Искрово) | Flat bones / wide hallway |
| Jagodnoye (Ягодное) | Bittehen / Biehnendorf |
| Kaschtanowo (Каштаново) | Schmilgienen / Kornfelde |
| Krasnocholmskoje (Краснохолмское) | Abschruten / Ehlertfelde |
| Novaya Shizn (Новая Жизнь) | Friedrichswalde and Neu Domharthenen / Kleindomhardtfelde |
| Novoselskoye (Новосельское) | Switch table dimming / Neuwiese |
| Oktyabrskoje (Октябрьское) | Panzerlauken / Panzerfelde |
| Peski (Пески) | Parwischken / Parwen |
| Polevoi (Полевой) | Luschninken / Friedrichsmühle |
| Zalessye (Залесье) | Mehlauken / Liebenfelde |
| Zarechye (Заречье) | Schwirgslauken / Herzfelde (East Pr.) |
| Selenowo (Зеленово) | Minchenwalde / Lindenhorst |
| Sujewka (Зуевка) | Rogainen / Hornfelde |
| Vinogradnoye (Виноградное) | Schaudienen / Kornhöfe |
church
See the main article → Mehlauken Church
Church building
The Mehlauken Church was built between 1843 and 1846 and consecrated on October 25, 1846. It is an Italian-looking building with a separate bell tower ( campanile ). Today (2014) the nave is only a ruin. The church is located in the center of the village, south of ul. Bolschakowska. In 1993 the church building, which was used by third parties after 1945, was transferred to the Russian Orthodox Church , which initially renovated it temporarily, but then left it almost to decay.
Parish
Before 1945, the population of Mehlauken was predominantly of Protestant denomination. Until 1841 it was parish in the parish of the Popelken Church , from which a parish of 30 places and living spaces was then separated and reclassified into the new parish of the Mehlauken Church . Up to three pastors served in the growing community at the same time. Until 1945 the community belonged to the parish of Labiau in the church province of East Prussia of the Church of the Old Prussian Union .
Because of the flight and displacement of the local population, church life in Salesje came to a standstill. Today the place is in the catchment area of an Evangelical Lutheran congregation in Bolshakowo (Groß Skaisgirren , 1938 to 1946 Kreuzingen) , a branch of the church region of the Salzburg Church in Gussew (Gumbinnen) within the Kaliningrad provost of the Evangelical Lutheran Church European Russia .
On the part of the Russian Orthodox Church, Zalessye is in the diocese of Kaliningrad and Baltiysk .
school
Since 1843 there was a schoolhouse in Mehlauken. The school was divided into three classes from 1911, but was soon no longer big enough. In 1927 a seven-class elementary school, later called "middle school", was inaugurated. When the Red Army marched in in 1945, it burned down. After 1945 the gym was turned into a cinema and dance hall. There was also an agricultural college and a vocational school in Mehlauken. This school building is no longer there.
See also
- East Prussian Operation (1945)
- Flight and expulsion of Germans from Central and Eastern Europe 1945–1950
Personalities of the place
Sons and daughters of the place
- Arnold Freymuth (born November 28, 1872 in Mehlauken; † 1933), legal author
- Hella Hirschfelder-Stüve (born March 14, 1905 in Mehlauken, † 1977), visual artist
- Manfred Gritzko (born May 19, 1925 in Mehlauken; † 2015), politician (LDPD)
- Hans Georg Anniès (born May 25, 1930 in Mehlauken; † 2006), printmaker and sculptor
Connected to the place
- Arthur Daehnke (1872–1932), magistrate and officer in Mehlauken (died here on January 30, 1932)
- Erich Kürschner (1889–1966), resistance fighter against National Socialism and religious socialist (was a Protestant pastor here from 1920 to 1928)
literature
- A. Horn: A look into Mehlauken's past . In: Old Prussian monthly . Volume 11, Königsberg 1st Pr. 1874, pp. 349-553.
Web links
- Zalesje - Mehlauken / Liebenfelde on ostpreussen.net
- Meyers Großes Konversations-Lexikon, Volume 13. Leipzig 1908, p. 547
- Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. Labiau district. (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006). No. 81: Liebenfelde (formerly Mehlauken); No. 82: Liebenfelde, parish-free manor district; under 89: Mehlauken
- The place Zalessye at bankgorodov.ru
- The place Zalessje at prussia39.ru
- The rural municipality Zalessye at bankgorodov.ru
- The rural municipality Zalessye at prussia39.ru
Individual evidence
- ↑ Itogi Vserossijskoj perepisi naselenija 2010 goda. Kaliningradskaya oblastʹ. (Results of the 2010 all-Russian census. Kaliningrad Oblast.) Volume 1 , Table 4 (Download from the website of the Kaliningrad Oblast Territorial Organ of the Federal Service for State Statistics of the Russian Federation)
- ↑ D. Lange, Geographical Location Register East Prussia (2005): Liebenfelde (Ostpr.)
- ↑ a b Rolf Jehke, Mehlauken / Liebenfelde district (Ostpr.)
- ^ Uli Schubert, community directory, district Labiau
- ^ Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. Labiau district (Russian Polessk). (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006).
- ↑ a b The Указ Президиума Верховного Совета РСФСР от 17 июня 1947 г. "Об образовании сельских советов, городов и рабочих поселков в Калининградской области" (Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the RSFSR of 17 June 1947: On the Formation of village Soviets , Cities and workers' settlements in Kaliningrad Oblast)
- ↑ Through the Указ Президиума Верховного Совета РСФСР от 25 июля 1947 г. "Об административно-территориальном устройстве Калининградской области" (Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the RSFSR of July 25, 1947: Establishment of the Oblast-Kaliningrad)
- ↑ See Novaya Schisn
- ↑ See Dalneje
- ↑ Only Alt Sternberg was renamed.
- ↑ By the Закон Калининградской области от 30 июня 2008 г. № 260 «Об организации местного самоуправления на территории муниципального образования" Полесский городской округ "» (Law of the Kaliningrad Oblast of 30 June 2008, Nr. 260: On the organization of local self-government in the field of municipal formation "city circle Polessk")
- ↑ Evangelical Lutheran Provosty Kaliningrad ( Memento of the original dated August 29, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
