Hanover Police Department

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Historic main building of the police headquarters in Hanover, 1903 as Royal Prussian police headquarters built
Radio patrol car of the Hanover Police Department

The Hanover Police Department (PD Hanover) is one of six police departments of the Lower Saxony Police based in the state capital Hanover and is responsible for the city of Hanover and the Hanover region. The PD Hannover is subordinate to the Lower Saxony Ministry of the Interior and Sport .

history

Emergence

According to the Artlenburg Convention , the French occupying power ordered the establishment of the Hanover Police Department as a special authority in 1809. Their area of ​​responsibility extended beyond the city. In addition, the police station was given extensive powers over other police authorities. After the Battle of the Nations near Leipzig , the French withdrew in 1813 and the police headquarters were subordinated to the city of Hanover and renamed Police Inspectorate .

When a new municipal constitution came into force in 1821, the mayor became the head of the police force. After the formation of the Landdrostei Hanover in 1823, which later became the Hanover district government , the police were subordinated to this authority as the Hanover Police Department. In 1846 the police department was separated from the city administration and was given an additional task as security police. During the revolution of 1848/49 , police violence returned to the city. It was not until 1855 that the police department finally became a state, when it was subordinated to the Kingdom of Hanover . In 1859 the authority was called the General Police Directorate, which was upgraded with state police tasks. In the annexation of the Kingdom of Hanover in 1866 by Prussia , the General Police Directorate was renamed Royal Prussian police headquarters.

20th century

Aerial photo from a hot air balloon by Julius Precht with a view of Waterlooplatz , the police headquarters and what will later become Schützenplatz ;
Postcard no. K 29 from F. Astholz jun. , around 1910
Sign for video surveillance in Goethestrasse in Hanover

Due to the narrow office space on Brandstrasse, a monumental and castle-like new building was built between 1900 and 1903 as a new office near Waterlooplatz . After completion, the Hanoverian police employed around 550 police officers in the building in 1903, of whom around 430 worked for the protection police, around 40 for the criminal police and around 80 for the police administration. In 1925 the staff of the police department was around 1,500 police officers and around 185 detectives. After the seizure of power , police chief Erwin Barth was removed from office by the National Socialists in 1933. When the police sovereignty of the federal states was abolished in the course of the so-called Gleichschaltung , the authority became part of the Reich Police. The Gestapo office in Hanover, initially 42 and later 100 employees, was mainly recruited from Hanoverian police officers.

The Hanoverian police officers also had sympathizers with the persecuted Social Democrats and their resistance organizations. In the Socialist Front organized a liaison for the SPD to individual police officers was mainly in Ricklingen active Wilhelm Hahn junior .

Towards the end of the Second World War , shortly before the invasion of American troops on April 10, 1945, conditions in Hanover were chaotic, as citizens and freed slave laborers marched through the city and plundered. The British occupation forces recruited a new police force within a few days to restore order. Later, the British military government rebuilt the police system in Hanover and communicated it, as in the entire British occupation zone . The police department was initially under the supervision of the mayor, later it was controlled by a police committee. From 1951 the police authority came under state supervision of the state of Lower Saxony.

In 1975 the authority received the special forces Mobile Task Force and Special Task Force . From 1978 contact area officers were on duty for the citizen. In 1983 the police department came under criticism because of the Punker card index . Since 2004, the entire area of the Hanover region has belonged to the area of ​​responsibility of the Hanover Police Department.

Spectacular criminal cases

Fritz Haarmann with Hanoverian police officers in front of today's office of the head of the police custody

Major police operations and disasters

Service building

The first office building when it was founded in 1809 was on Burgstrasse . After the French withdrew in 1813, the office was relocated to Leinstrasse. In 1821 they returned to Burgstrasse. From 1850 the police headquarters resided in a half-timbered building on Brandstrasse. Around 1860 there was a side office in the old town hall . After 50 years of use, at the end of the 19th century the service building was completely overloaded by the sharp rise in crime and a large new building was overdue. The increase in crime was due to the unusually strong increase in the population of Hanover from the founding period .

New building in 1903

Police headquarters around 1905
Grimacing head over an entrance door
Pictorial representation on the sandstone facade: The police in the fight against crime

Between 1900 and 1903, the architects Edwin Gilowy and Paul Kieschke built what is now the main building of the Hanover Police Department as the Royal Prussian Police Headquarters in Hardenbergstrasse near Waterlooplatz . A plot of land south of the city center in the floodplain of the Leine was selected as the building site . A pile foundation was therefore necessary, in which 2224 beech trunks were driven six meters deep into the loamy and clayey subsoil. A concrete layer 1.2 m thick was poured over this. The 11,000 m² property was owned by the state, so there were no costs to purchase the property. Originally it belonged to the royal property and for centuries was Hanover's storage place for logs on a line.

The police headquarters was built as a five-storey building up to 35 m high on an area of ​​2500 m². It had a multi-story police prison, which was exemplary in its time. The building was planned as a magnificent, representative building and should be the equivalent of nearby monumental buildings ( State Museum , New Town Hall , Kestnermuseum ). Bay windows, corner towers and towers in the slate-covered roof area gave the police headquarters a castle-like character. The facade is clad with sandstone and has elaborate decorations in the style of the German Neo-Renaissance . The architectural style also has other elements borrowed from historicism , mannerism and baroque . The interior is designed just as lavishly and richly as the exterior of the building. There is an imposing entrance hall and the barrel vaults of the corridors inside are painted. Artfully designed stone sculptures and reliefs on and in the building depict various motifs, for example the police fighting crime, Justitia blindfolded, depictions of criminals and grimaces with terrifying facial expressions.

After completion, around 550 officers were active in the police headquarters. The construction costs of 1.158 million Reichsmarks were borne by the Prussian state as the client. The three years of construction were a record construction time despite a workers' strike.

During the Second World War , the building was damaged by an aerial bomb during one of the air raids on Hanover on July 26, 1943 , and parts of the roof caught fire. Overall, the damage was rather minor. Today the building is a listed building . As early as 1985, the Lower Saxony State Office for the Preservation of Monuments found damage to the facade, mainly due to a black film of dirt. The facade of the building once described by the architect as the "brightly shining pearl of the monumental buildings around the Maschpark" had become dark. In 1992 the cost of a facade renovation was estimated at 5.7 million DM.

Extension in 1998

Extension from 1998 on the property of the main building from 1903
Service building on the Hanomag site

In the 1960s, due to the narrow space in the main building on Hardenbergstrasse, premises in Jordanstrasse were rented. These were given up in 1987 and employees moved into a high-rise building on the former industrial site of the Hanomag machine factory . In view of the large police operation at Expo 2000 , an extension was built next to the main building, which was completed in 1998.

Organization and management staff

The Hanover Police Department, with around 3700 employees, is subordinate to the Lower Saxony Ministry of the Interior and Sport . For a long time, the authority was only responsible for the area of ​​the city ​​of Hanover, but today it covers the Hanover region as an area service . The current (2012) structure of the police organization emerged from a major reorganization of the Lower Saxony police in 2004. The police were removed from the four district governments that were dissolved in 2004, including the Hanover district government . This resulted in the current six police departments in the area, previously there were only two urban police departments in the major cities of Braunschweig and Hanover.

Today (2012) the Hanover Police Directorate is subdivided into a staff area in the Central Criminal Police Service (ZKD) and six police inspections (PI). Special agencies are the Hanover rider and service dog handler and the central traffic service.

Head of the police department Hanover has April 2013 Volker Kluwe as chief of police . His predecessor Axel Brockmann , who had held the office since November 2011, moved back to the Lower Saxony Ministry of the Interior and Sport on the initiative of Interior Minister Boris Pistorius , where he was appointed State Police President in 2018.

Central criminal service

Herschelstrasse 1 , headquarters of the central police station
Former headquarters of the West Police Station (until 2011) in the Linden-Mitte district
Headquarters of the Police Inspection East on Welfenplatz

The ZKD includes the criminal inspectors:

Central criminal inspection

The ZKI includes the commissariats and special units:

Police inspections

The police inspections are:

Police inspections
center east south west Burgdorf Garbsen
Police departments:

-

Police departments:

Lahe Nordstadt

Police departments:

South town Misburg Laatzen

Police departments:

Sticks in Ricklingen

Police departments:

Mellendorf Großburgwedel Langenhagen Taught

Police departments:

Jump Barsinghausen Wunstorf Neustadt am Rübenberge Ronnenberg Seelze

Police stations:

Raschplatz

Police stations:

List Sahlkamp Vinnhorst

Police stations:

Kleefeld Mittelfeld Bemerode Exhibition Grounds (Temporary Police Base at the Exhibition Grounds)

Police stations:

Badenstedt Schützenplatz Ahlem

Police stations:

Altwarmbüchen Sehnde Uetze

Police stations:

Mandelsloh Empelde Gehrden Pattensen Wennigsen (Deister) Bennigsen Steinhude Berenbostel Hemmingen Mardorf (Temporary police base at Steinhuder Meer )

Personalities

Authority manager

The first head of the Hanover Police Department, founded in 1809, was the Police Director Heinrich August Meyer (1773-1836) from 1809 to 1810 . The following people then headed the authority:

Others

literature

  • Dirk Riesener : The Hanover Police Department. Society, industry and the police from the German Reich to the Federal Republic of Germany. Hahnsche Buchhandlung , Hannover 2006, ISBN 3-7752-5926-0 .
  • Dirk Riesener: Police and Political Culture in the 19th Century. The Hanover Police Department and the political public in the Kingdom of Hanover , (= dissertation 1996 at the University of Hanover) (= publications of the Historical Commission for Lower Saxony and Bremen , vol. 35) (= sources and studies on the general history of Lower Saxony in modern times , vol. 15), Hahn, Hannover 1996, ISBN 3-7752-5841-8
  • Hans-Jürgen Heuer, Hans-Dieter Klosa, Burkhard Lange, Hans-Dieter Schmid (eds.): From the police of the authorities to the service provider for public security. Commemorative publication for the 100th anniversary of the Hanover police headquarters 1903–2003. Verlag Deutsche Polizeiliteratur, Hilden 2003, ISBN 3-00-011937-X , therein:
    • Günther Kokkelink : Planning and construction history of the "Royal Police Headquarters" in Hanover - today: "Police Directorate".
    • Dirk Riesener: The Hanover Police Directorate from its founding 1809 to 1866. From the municipal police to the General Police Directorate of the Kingdom of Hanover .
    • Thomas Kailer: "... put the head at the feet of the hellish figment ..." - On the psychology of the punishing society. The Fritz Haarmann case .
    • Hans-Dieter Schmid: The Gestapo Hanover.
    • Hans-Joachim Heuer: The National Socialist Police Persecution and the Suffering of the Persecuted.
    • Dirk Götting: German-British Intermezzo; the criminal police in Hanover in 1945 between the Reich Criminal Police Office and the Regional Records Bureau.
    • Frank Liebert: From dictatorship to democracy . The Lower Saxony police from 1945 to 1951.
    • Thomas Grotum: "... I just wanted to show our strength so that they recognize our 'corner' ..." - Police and youngsters in Hanover
    • Wolf-Dieter Mechler : The Red Dot Action in June 1969. P. 239–261.
  • Paul Kieschke : The new building of the Royal Police Headquarters in Hanover. In: Journal of Construction . Vol. 54 (1904), No. 10, urn : nbn: de: kobv: 109-opus-91007 , pp. 545-562. (In addition images in the ZfB atlas of the year 1904, urn : nbn: de: kobv: 109-opus-91031 , sheets 56–61.)
  • Klaus Mlynek : Police. In: Klaus Mlynek, Waldemar R. Röhrbein (eds.) U. a .: City Lexicon Hanover . From the beginning to the present. Schlütersche, Hannover 2009, ISBN 978-3-89993-662-9 , p. 504.
  • Wilhelm Lucka: The building history of the Hanover police headquarters. In: Reports on the preservation of monuments in Lower Saxony , 2/2004
  • Hans Sander: The Hanover Police Directorate In: Lower Saxony and its police: Published by the Lower Saxony Ministry of the Interior. Police-Technik-Verkehr-Verlagsgesellschaft, Wiesbaden 1979, pp. 150–157.

See also

Web links

Commons : Polizeidirektion Hannover  - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Klaus Mlynek : Hahn, (3) Wilhelm, jun. In: Dirk Böttcher, Klaus Mlynek, Waldemar R. Röhrbein, Hugo Thielen: Hannoversches Biographisches Lexikon . From the beginning to the present. Schlütersche, Hannover 2002, ISBN 3-87706-706-9 , p. 147 ( limited preview in the Google book search).
  2. ↑ Tobias Morchner: Serial rapist Hans-Joachim B. is free again. In: haz.de . July 22, 2018, accessed September 12, 2019 .
  3. ↑ When Hanover burned - days of chaos are history in: [[Neue Presse (Hanover) |]] from August 2nd, 2015
  4. ↑ Obama visit: Who pays for all of this? In: haz.de. April 26, 2016, accessed September 12, 2019 .
  5. ^ Franz Rudolf Zankl (ed.): List of architects , compiled with the collaboration of Helmut Zimmermann , in this: Hanover. From the old train station to the new town hall. Pictorial documents on urban development in the second half of the 19th century , exhibition guide of the Historisches Museum am Hohen Ufer, Hanover, 1975, p. 42f.
  6. ↑ oV : Anniversary Quiz ( Memento of 8 October 2016 Internet Archive ), PDF magazine nobilis November 2008, p 10
  7. ^ Klaus Mlynek : Wermuth, (2) Karl Georg Ludwig. In: Stadtlexikon Hannover , p. 671f.
  8. ↑ Dirk Riesener: The Hanover Police Department. Society, industry and the police from the German Reich to the Federal Republic of Germany . Hannover 2006 (Sources and representations on the history of Lower Saxony. 126), p. 269.
  9. ↑ Klaus Mlynek: HABBEN, Johann. In: Hannoversches Biographisches Lexikon , p. 144 ( limited preview in the Google book search).
  10. ↑ Frank Winternheimer: Souvenir remains / Haarmann investigator's gravestone saved. In: Hannoversche Allgemeine Zeitung of February 6, 2013; online , last accessed February 12, 2013
  11. ↑ a b Support group of the police history collection Lower Saxony eV: Polizeigeschichte-Niedersachsen.de. Literature list z. Sometimes with a table of contents on the future needs origin. ( Memento from November 23, 2011 in the Internet Archive )

Coordinates: 52 ° 22 ′ 0.1 ″  N , 9 ° 43 ′ 57 ″  E