Schönbach (Greiz)

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Schönbach
City of Greiz
Coordinates: 50 ° 34 ′ 47 ″  N , 12 ° 7 ′ 18 ″  E
Height : 451 m above sea level NN
Incorporation : July 1, 1999
Incorporated into: Vogtland Oberland
Postal code : 07973
Area code : 036621
map
Location of Schönbach in the city of Greiz
In the town
In the town

Schönbach is a place in the district of Cossengrün / Hohndorf / Schönbach in the city of Greiz in the district of Greiz in the Thuringian Vogtland . 135 inhabitants live in 66 houses in Schönbach.

geography

Schönbach is an agricultural town in the south of the Greiz district on the border with the Free State of Saxony. The Schönbach corridor essentially extends on a ridge between Höllental (valley of the Triebitzbach) and Rumpelbachtal, two tributaries of the White Elster . The "Katzenstein" is 451 m above sea level. NN. highest elevation in the Schönbach corridor.

Neighboring places

Leiningen Cunsdorf
(district of Elsterberg )
Görschnitz
(district of Elsterberg )
Eubenberg Neighboring communities Cossen green
Fröbersgrün
(district of Rosenbach / Vogtl. )
Steinsdorf (Plauen)

history

The beginnings

According to copies of church documents and chronicles, some of which no longer exist, a knight “Schonin” or “Schöne” is said to have taken possession of the area called Bach and thus to have given its name to the “Schoningbach” settlement. A stone with the inscription 974 is reported, which was interpreted as the year the manor was built. This coincides with the beginning of the German East Settlement in conquered Slavic / Wendish, formerly Germanic settlement areas. Schönbach was mentioned in documents around 1250 and 1320 as Schönbuch , and in 1356 as Schömpach. It is documented that it was first mentioned in 1356 in the secular chronicle, which contradicts the year of construction of the Maternus Chapel in 1288. Schönbach belonged to the domain of the Lobdeburg-Elsterbergs at the latest in 1350, followed by the bailiffs of Plauen Haus Plauen and in 1370 bailiffs and lords Reuss from Plauen zu Greiz, who developed into the Reuss dynasty. Schönbach was originally laid out as an anger village. The urban sprawl later took place through the construction of further centralized and decentralized goods and cottages , whereby many of the original central ponds that defined the area were buried and built on. The first school operation in Schönbach is handed down from 1543, a school building existed since 1602, the school operation in Schönbach was closed in 1964.

Parish of Schönbach

The parish of Schönbach includes the places Cunsdorf, Cossengrün and Schönbach. Schönbach was probably parish in Weida at the beginning. According to the dedication document of St. Johanniskirche Plauen from 1122, the Schönbach corridor was on the northern border of the parish district and thus the Dobnagau . From 1325 Schönbach parish in the Lobdeburg Parish of Elsterberg .

The church chronicle reports from the year of construction of the Maternus chapel in Schönbach, which was found in the episcopal deed of foundation of the diocese of Naumburg . Probably because of the steadily growing population in the area, due to the onset of eastern colonization , the independent parish of Schönbach was formed after 1325 . After the Elsterberg castle and settlement were destroyed in the Vogtland War in 1354, the Elsterberg Parish is said to have been administered from "Schönbach Castle" for a time. Conrad von Reizenstein can be regarded as the owner of Schönbach Castle , whose beheading is reported as a result of the defeat of the Lobdeburg-Elsterberger. He was probably one of the "12 executed peace breakers". A little later, it is reported in chronicles, the widow of Conrad von Reizenstein gave her property to equip a parish, which turned knight property into church property. In 1378 an "Abbey" Schönbach was confirmed in a document from Bishop Wittigo von Naumburg . It consisted of the original parish of Schönbach and the branches Pöllwitz ( chapel first mentioned in 1340), Syrau (chapel built in 1370), Fröbersgrün with Bernsgrün (chapel built in 1372) and Dobia with Arnsgrün (chapel built in 1374). In addition to the sovereigns, the Schönbach Abbey had landed rights (no blood jurisdiction). An abbot and three chaplains were active.

The current rectory was rebuilt between 1702 and 1707. The current church building was completed in 1744. The old church in Gottesacker was very dilapidated and was demolished in the following years. From the year 1872 there is a report of a church tower fire, triggered by lightning, which destroyed the spire.

Hussite invasion and Reformation

During the Hussite Wars in 1430, troops advancing on the town of Plauen also set fire to Schönbach. Church and parish were destroyed. Two Catholic chaplains only survived because they hid for days at a spring in the parish forest, which for this reason is still called "Heiligsbrunnen" today. In the course of the Reformation , the abbey was dissolved and a parish was established. The first Protestant pastor was installed in 1536.

Mining

The parish of Schönbach operated together with the neighboring towns of Steinsdorf (Plauen) and Fröbersgrün im Rumpel (on the "Rumpöhlbach", today Rummpelbach) a mine for the extraction of iron ore . The former mining area with its rust-colored earth is now called "Eisengraben". The associated hammer mill was destroyed by Swedish troops in the Thirty Years' War in 1634 . Already in 1632 the area was plundered by marauding Holk troops . In 1857 there were again attempts to found a new mine, but the plans were abandoned due to insufficient productivity.

Modern times

Around 1850 the place consisted of 18 farmsteads (with a size of 10 to 30 hectares of land), the parish and the outlying Taubert'schen Mühle, the Kölbelmühle and the inn "Reussischer Hof" - better known in the region as the "Drei -Mädle-Haus “. In 1864 Schönbach had 58 houses in which 387 people lived. At the end of the 19th century, five inns were operated in the village: "Zur Sonne", "Zur Kölbelmühle", "Zur Post", "Reussischer Hof" and Schweizerhaus. Only the Schweizerhaus remained. According to initial plans, the current Elstertalbahn should run through the Schönbach corridor and along the Rumpelbachtal and connect the emerging industrial centers of Gera, Greiz, Elsterberg and Plauen. In March 1910, Schönbach was connected to the electricity network of the city of Plauen, and the first telephone was installed in the post office established in 1898 as early as 1909. In 1912 the first public telephone station was set up.

Until the revolution in 1918, Schönbach belonged to the Principality of Reuss Older Line , which merged with Reuss Younger Line in 1918 to form the People's State of Reuss and in 1920 was absorbed into the state of Thuringia. In April 1945, American troops reached the Vogtland region during the course of the Second World War . Due to the agreements of the Yalta Conference , the American troops vacated the country on July 3, 1945. It became part of the Soviet occupation zone of Germany, from which the GDR emerged on October 7, 1949 . On July 1, 1950, Schönbach was incorporated into the Cossengrün community . On January 1, 1956, the place was spun off again and thus regained its independence.

reunion

On the day of German reunification , October 3, 1990, a young linden tree was planted on the Lindenberg, the location of the Schönbach coat of arms tree and former court location. Its predecessor had died in the 1960s after members of the Hitler Youth started fire in the hollow trunk in 1944.

The new formation of the East German federal states in the course of German reunification in 1990 prompted Schönbach citizens, together with neighboring communities, to seek a change of state to the Free State of Saxony. The request of the citizens of the Saxon town of Elsterberg and communities of Cunsdorf and Görschnitz to move to Saxony was approved in 1992; the change of the communities Schönbach and Cossengrün was rejected by the Thuringian state government. She insisted on the preservation of the borders of the former principality Reuss older line in the form of 1370. So a Thuringian headland was created , surrounded on three sides by the Saxon Vogtland district , without road connection to the "Thuringian heartland" and cut off from the previously existing "community association" Elsterberg ".

present

On July 1, 1999, the municipality of Schönbach became a part of the newly founded municipality of Vogtländisches Oberland . With the dissolution of the Vogtländisches Oberland community, its districts Schönbach, Cossengrün and Hohndorf were incorporated into the city of Greiz on December 31, 2012.

In 1997 the newly built fire station was inaugurated. In the same year the village and fire brigade association Schönbach e. V. founded.

traffic

The traffic connection to Schönbach is now mainly via the B 92 Greiz – Plauen. The main road in the Rumpelbachtal was opened in 1854 and is commonly referred to as "Chaussee".

Before the construction of the B 92, Schönbach was connected to the road network via Lindengasse through the Rumpelbachtal to the old salt road , on the eastern border of the Schönbach district, which is also known as Plauische Straße in traditional records.

The salt road led from the salt pans in the Halle area via Elsterberg , Görschnitzberg, Görschnitz, Steinsdorf , Plauen and Hof . In the Elsterberg district, this route was handed down as Heerstraße and ran down from Görschnitzberg, crossing the Elster at the so-called "Dreh", up today's Raasweg, along the so-called Tunnelleithe and then towards the former city wall via Hohndorfer Straße towards Wesnitz Berg bypass. For safety reasons, such paths were laid out on the heights and not in the swampy, confusing valleys.

A trade route known as the “Landsteig” crossed the Schönbach location coming from Steinsdorf , it leads through the “Rumpel”, over the “Lindenweg” (Lindenberg) and through the Cunsdorfer Flur to the Steinermühle . According to oral tradition, this path could only be used on foot, on horseback or in a single-track vehicle.

The Elstertalbahn , which went into operation on September 8, 1875, runs in the valley of the White Elster , four kilometers away .

Culture and sights

  • The traditional fire brigade festival takes place every year on the second weekend in July.
  • Since 2011, seven associations in the towns of Cunsdorf, Cossengrün and Schönbach have been organizing and celebrating the harvest festival with the Schönbach parish. The proceeds are used for the upcoming renovation of the church building.
  • On April 30th each year a fresh maypole is placed and a “witch's fire” is lit on the linden tree.

Personalities who lived in Schönbach

Andreas Klotsch German writer 1951–1957

Individual evidence

  1. Klaus Müller: The population census in the Vogtländischen Oberland 1864 in Journal for Central German Family History, Issue 4/2013, Leipzig
  2. Federal Statistical Office (Ed.): Municipalities 1994 and their changes since 01.01.1948 in the new federal states . Metzler-Poeschel, Stuttgart 1995, ISBN 3-8246-0321-7 .
  3. ^ StBA: Changes in the municipalities of Germany , see edition 1999.

literature

  • Plauen and the middle Vogtland (= values ​​of our homeland . Volume 44). 1st edition. Akademie Verlag, Berlin 1986.
  • Klaus Müller: Schönbach in the "Vogtländisches Oberland" community . In: Yearbook of the Museum Reichenfels-Hohenleuben 56 (2011), pages 47–54

Web links

Commons : Schönbach  - Collection of images, videos and audio files