Baden State Library

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Baden State Library
Baden State Library
founding about 1500
Duration 2,774,624 media units
Library type Regional library
place Karlsruhe coordinates: 49 ° 0 '28.6 "  N , 8 ° 23' 55"  EWorld icon
Visitor address Erbprinzenstrasse 15
ISIL DE-31
operator State of Baden-Württemberg
management Julia Baron Hiller von Gaertringen
Website www.blb-karlsruhe.de

The Badische Landesbibliothek (BLB) is a large academic universal library based in Karlsruhe . Together with the Württemberg State Library (WLB) in Stuttgart , it is the regional library for Baden-Württemberg , whereby the BLB is specifically responsible for the administrative districts of Freiburg and Karlsruhe . Together with the WLB, it exercises the right to deposit copies for Baden-Württemberg and is therefore also an archive library.

Its inventory amounts to around 2.8 million media from all subject areas (as of 2019) plus an extensive range of digital media. In its collections it has a large inventory of medieval manuscripts , music , autographs , bequests , incunabula , old prints and historical maps. In addition, the Badische Landesbibliothek also houses modern collections, in particular on regional history and on all topics relating to Baden-Württemberg and the Upper Rhine region . The central regional tasks of the Baden State Library include the collection, indexing and provision of publications from and about Baden .

profile

The Badische Landesbibliothek is an information infrastructure institution for education and science in Baden-Württemberg that is accessible to everyone . As a non-independent institution under public law , it is subject to the official and technical supervision of the Ministry for Science, Research and the Arts Baden-Württemberg .

The Badische Landesbibliothek ensures the current information supply of approx. 590,000 visitors annually (as of 2019) and makes its holdings and services available regionally and nationally. With its work, the Badische Landesbibliothek supports schools, universities and research institutions as well as authorities, organizations and commercial enterprises in the region and, with 500 workplaces for various work and learning needs in different areas of the building, offers a much-used learning environment as a teaching and learning center.

The Badische Landesbibliothek emerged from the book collection of the Baden margraves and grand dukes . It has an extensive inventory of manuscripts , music, autographs and bequests , incunabula , old prints and historical maps. By maintaining these collections, it contributes to the preservation of the region's cultural heritage. It keeps this European cultural heritage in the public consciousness through active communication and makes it available to the interested public worldwide in its digital collections via the Internet.

The most important regional tasks of the Baden State Library include the supply of scientific literature to the Baden population as well as the collection, indexing and provision of publications from and about Baden, which the State of Baden-Württemberg wants to preserve as an important part of its cultural tradition. The Baden State Library documents with her to the Copyright Act of assisted collection mandate and its well-exhaustive collection of printed and electronic publications and the development of Baden Baden. The Baden State Library and the Württemberg State Library jointly create and publish the State Bibliography of Baden-Württemberg . In Baden-Württemberg online archive about Internet pages are filed with respect to Baden-Wuerttemberg online addition.

In addition to its library duties, the Badische Landesbibliothek does extensive work as a cultural institution in the region through exhibitions, events, seminars and participation in educational programs. With its cultural program, BLB communicates its extensive inventory of manuscripts , music, autographs and bequests, incunabula, old prints and historical maps to the public.

With the Badische Bibliotheksgesellschaft eV , a non-profit association promotes "the expansion, folk education tasks and the scientific purposes of the Badische Landesbibliothek", u. a. with financial support for the purchase of valuable manuscripts and prints.

history

Grand Ducal Court and State Library, collection building on Friedrichsplatz, 1875

The approximately 500-year history of the Baden State Library is closely linked to the history of the margraves and grand dukes of Baden and the cultural history of the Upper Rhine. Like many other German state libraries, the Badische Landesbibliothek can be traced back to an aristocratic book collection that was created and continuously expanded by the Margraves of Baden . With the various residences of the sovereigns, the books changed their place of storage several times until they were brought together in the newly built palace in Karlsruhe in 1765. In a new building designed for library purposes on Friedrichsplatz, the book collection had been accessible to the general public since the last quarter of the 19th century and finally passed into state hands at the end of the monarchy. Today the Badische Landesbibliothek is an institution of the federal state of Baden-Württemberg .

Chronicle from 1500

Book of hours of Margrave Christoph I of Baden, Durlach 1, 1488

The Badische Landesbibliothek goes back to the book collection of Margrave Christoph I von Baden (1453–1527), which he put on around 1500 in his residence in Pforzheim . An exact date of foundation cannot be given. His prayer book , which was probably created in Paris around 1490, is today the oldest evidence of margravial book ownership. The humanist Johannes Reuchlin (1455–1522), who was born in Pforzheim, bequeathed his important scholarly library with rare Hebrew and Greek manuscripts to the monastery in Pforzheim. Since 1523 it was placed together with the book collection of the margraves of Baden in the collegiate and castle church of St. Michael in Pforzheim.

With the division of Baden rule in 1535, the books were also divided between Pforzheim and Baden-Baden . Since Margrave Karl II. (1529–1577) moved his residence from Pforzheim to Durlach in 1565 , his books found a new place of storage in the local Karlsburg . When the Upper Rhine area became the scene of wars in the following centuries , both book collections had to be brought to safety outside the country several times. Many of the works in the former margraves' collection were lost mainly in the 17th century as a result of the war or when they were moved to Strasbourg , Basel and other places. Nevertheless, excellent evidence of book art has been preserved from it. Some of the books fell victim to Durlach's destruction in 1689.

With the construction of the palaces in Karlsruhe and Rastatt, new library quarters were created. The books that were formerly Durlach books were placed in an outbuilding of the Karlsruhe Palace , which was completed in 1765 , and the books that were formerly Baden-Baden were moved to the Rastatt Palace . The Bernhard line died out shortly after the library was transferred from Baden-Baden to Rastatt around 1767 and thus fell back to the Ernestine line. When Baden was reunified in 1771, the book collections in Karlsruhe were also merged. The joint holdings were estimated at 20,000 volumes at that time.

The first usage regulations of the margravial library, issued by Margrave Karl Friedrich (1728–1811), date from 1770 . This allows the library to be used by all “who devote themselves to the study of the sciences and the fine arts”.

Secularization 1803

If the Rastatt holdings of around 8,000 volumes increased the court library considerably, secularization brought another large increase in manuscripts and valuable prints.

When the Baden monasteries and the spiritual territories were abolished after the Reichsdeputationshauptschluss 1803, the court library received the right to an initial selection from the monastery libraries . The takeover of secularized book ownership from almost 30 libraries dragged on until 1822. The codices belonging to the monastery greatly enriched the already existing fund of medieval manuscripts of margravial provenance . Since these valuable books were moved to different locations in good time during the Second World War , they survived the destruction of the Baden State Library unscathed.

For the former court library, however, this new addition initially posed a space problem, so that the state had to build a new library. When the Grand Ducal Court and State Library moved into the collection building on Friedrichsplatz in 1873 , it owned 122,486 volumes. From then on, under the direction of Wilhelm Brambach and his successors, it developed into a modern utility library with contemporary administration and extended opening times for a wide audience. 

In order to make its range of books accessible to all residents of Baden, the Grand Ducal Court and State Library in Karlsruhe published a printed catalog of its holdings in 1876, which it followed up with printed access directories from 1886 to 1930. Interested users outside the city of Karlsruhe also had an insight into the inventory. In 1891 the publication of printed manuscript catalogs began.

With the abdication of the last Grand Duke Friedrich II. Von Baden in 1918 renaming took place Ducal Court and State Library in Baden State Library .

Destruction of the library in 1942

The Badische Landesbibliothek after the bombing from September 2nd to 3rd, 1942

On the eve of the Second World War, the book inventory in the Badische Landesbibliothek almost tripled despite the economically bad years after the First World War . Unlike the manuscripts , incunabula and a few other cimilies , however, the prints were not outsourced during the Second World War because the library was to continue to be available to its users.

During a heavy air raid on Karlsruhe in the night of September 2nd to 3rd, 1942, the library building was also bombed. The library burned out completely and lost almost its entire stock of printed matter, at that time 367,000 volumes - including 6,000 volumes of prints from the 16th century, 40 volumes of atlases from the 16th to 18th centuries, 2,000 maps from the 16th to 18th centuries, 204 sheets old views, 4,000 volumes of historical music , including the performance materials and text books provided by the Badisches Staatstheater , as well as around 1,000 volumes with historically or artistically valuable bindings from grand ducal or monastery property. 

Only 1,274 volumes of printed matter were counted as still available after the fire night. Using old stamps, bindings, bookplates and other criteria, however, it was possible to determine that there are around 3,000 to 3,200 titles in the current inventory (excluding incunabula and maps ) that were part of the inventory before the destruction. Around 2,700 of these titles date from before 1900, including old prints, most of which are of considerable value.

All administrative files and accession journals were also destroyed on September 3, 1942. Only the service catalog of the librarians was spared in an air raid shelter. With 300,353 title cards, this shows what was in existence until the destruction (see also historical catalog); it was made available digitally as a historical source in 2011.

reconstruction

After the destruction, the Badische Landesbibliothek had to set up makeshift buildings in other buildings until these houses were also hit by bombs. Finally, the basement of the former collection building on Friedrichsplatz became the last refuge. After resuming provisional use of the General State Archives complex , the Badische Landesbibliothek was able to move into a new building in the Nymphengarten at the end of 1964 , which was replaced in 1991 by the second new building on Erbprinzenstrasse.

The rebuilding of the library holdings had already begun during the Second World War . Thanks to a wave of helpfulness from the population, there were a large number of donations. State and municipal institutions also contributed a lot, including duplicates of valuable early prints.

Repairing the total loss could not be the aim of the reconstruction. In accordance with the state librarian's mandate, the focus of the procurement was on regional literature and on the current useful literature relevant for use. Thanks to many donations of books and purchases of entire collections or bequests in the post-war years, the inventory was so successful that the library was able to make almost 330,000 volumes available to its users when it moved into the new building in 1964.

The existing stock exceeded the million mark in 1982 and soon made a new building necessary. This was built according to plans by Oswald Mathias Ungers in the Erbprinzenstraße, where the library is still located today. In 1987 the first and four years later the second construction phase was occupied. Since May 3, 2010 the library has been open Monday to Friday from 9 a.m. to 7 p.m. and Saturday from 10 a.m. to 6 p.m. In 2019, the inventory comprised around 2.8 million media units.

Important acquisitions in recent years

Nibelungen manuscript C, Donaueschingen 63, 1r
Rudolf von Ems: Weltchronik, around 1365, Cod. Don 79, fol. 190r

Through the sales of the Fürstenberg house , around 1225 manuscripts (1993) and incunabula (1994) were acquired by the state of Baden-Württemberg and divided between the state libraries in Stuttgart and Karlsruhe. In 1999 music from the Princely Fürstenberg Court Library in Donaueschingen was acquired. The Landesbank Baden-Württemberg acquired in 2001 from the same stocks, the Manuscript C of the Nibelungenlied and set them the Baden State Library as a permanent loan available. At the auction of the castle library in Baden-Baden by the House of Baden in 1995, the castle library with around 40,000 volumes passed into the possession of the Baden State Library. The acquisition was made possible by private donations and the Stiftung Kulturgut Baden-Württemberg, which took over the vast majority of the purchase price of 2.3 million marks out of a total of 2.5 million marks. In 2018, the former Donaueschingen Wigalois manuscript (Cod. Don. 71) was acquired with the generous support of the Ernst von Siemens Art Foundation , the Cultural Foundation of the Federal States , the Federal Government Commissioner for Culture and the Media and the Wüstenrot Foundation .

Manuscript dispute 2006 to 2009

In 2006, based on the idea of ​​the then government of the state of Baden-Württemberg and the von Baden family , the so-called handwriting dispute developed to sell SUB's medieval manuscripts in order to use the proceeds to finance the renovation of Salem Castle on Lake Constance . Since, in addition to books, works of art were ultimately up for grabs, it soon developed into a cultural goods dispute of international attention. Scientists and scientific organizations from all over the world reacted to this project with great indignation.

In 2007, an expert commission set up by the state presented an opinion on the ownership of Baden cultural assets from the time of the monarchy, which laid the foundation for an agreement between the state of Baden-Württemberg and the von Baden family. The latter had previously declared the manuscripts and other works of art as their property, which ultimately turned out to be largely unjustified. With the purchase of individual pieces by the state of Baden-Württemberg and the acquisition of large parts of the palace complex in Salem, the dispute was contractually ended in 2009.

Directors

Stocks and usage

Open magazine of the Badische Landesbibliothek
Digitization workshop of the Badische Landesbibliothek

Statistical information on the holdings and use of the Badische Landesbibliothek (status 2019):

  • conventional media units: 2,774,624
    • of which books, magazines, newspapers (volumes): 2,274,409
  • 6,318 current journals (paper editions)
  • 24,977 active library users
  • 590,124 library visits    
  • 621,324 loans

The Badische Landesbibliothek also houses extensive historical and special collections. They are distributed as follows (as of 2019):

The Badische Landesbibliothek has been digitizing parts of its special collections since 2010. The focus is on medieval manuscripts , historical music and printed matter, mainly periodicals, from the 19th century with regional historical significance. These digitized holdings are freely accessible. The Virtual Treasury of the Baden State Library shows a regularly changing selection of particularly valuable items .

Manuscripts

Lectionary Reichenau, 2nd third of the 10th century
Raimundus Lullus , Thomas le Myésier: Electorium parvum seu breviculum (after 1321)

In addition to the holdings of the old margravial library, the manuscript collection also includes works of the monastic culture of the Upper Rhine region that have passed into the possession of the Baden State Library as a result of the secularization . Manuscripts from sales by the Fürstenberg company have expanded the collection in recent years. The old margravial library included a. the Book of Hours of Margrave Christoph I of Baden , the prayer book of Countess Susanna of Brandenburg-Ansbach-Kulmbach , the Hebrew and Greek manuscripts of the humanist Johannes Reuchlin collected, and oriental manuscripts, which during the Turkish wars under the rule of the Turks Louis in the Hands of Baden troops fell. Among the most important works of the monastery and pen libraries include the manuscripts of the Reichenau monastery on the island in Lake Constance and late Romanesque splendor manuscripts of the Bishopric of Speyer and the monasteries St. Blaise , St. Georgen and St. Peter in the Black Forest (u. A. The Electorium parvum seu Breviculum of the Catalan philosopher Ramon Llull ). Among the manuscripts of the Fürstenberg family was Manuscript C of the Nibelungenlied from the possession of Joseph Freiherr von Laßberg , which had been kept in the Donaueschingen library since 1855 . The Donaueschingen Wigalois manuscript (Cod. Don. 71) has also been part of the BLB collection since the end of 2018 .

The Badische Landesbibliothek contains collections from the following libraries:

In addition, oriental, Durlacher , Rastatter and Karlsruhe manuscripts are part of the manuscript collection of the Baden State Library.

Gesta Witigowonis, dedication image, Reichenauer manuscript (Cod.Aug.perg. 205, 72r)

Incunabulum collection

The incunabula in the Badische Landesbibliothek largely share their origin and history with the manuscripts. A smaller part of the collection comes from the times of the margravial or grand ducal court library, the vast majority from the possession of former monastery libraries, which came to the court library in Karlsruhe with the secularization at the beginning of the 19th century.

The incunabula collection is the only part of today's print holdings in the Badische Landesbibliothek that still bears the factually structured pre-war signatures and is recognizable by these. In contrast to the manuscripts, the incunabula were not arranged according to provenance, but according to subject groups. After the library was destroyed in the night of September 2nd to 3rd, 1942, and with the start of reconstruction, additional works were also purchased for the incunabulum collection. These bear the new signatures introduced in 1942 with a serial number, as do all incunabula that have been newly acquired to this day.

Old prints

Due to the destruction during the Second World War, the Badische Landesbibliothek lost almost its entire collection of printed matter. Before the end of the war work began on replacing the destroyed stocks in the area of ​​old prints. Today the collection of old prints in the Badische Landesbibliothek includes around 33,000 prints from the period before 1800. One focus of the collection is on older works relating to the regional and cultural history of Baden and the neighboring areas on the Upper Rhine. Many older prints come from collections that the Badische Landesbibliothek acquired as a whole, so u. a .:

  • Baden-Baden Castle Library, acquired in 1995
  • Bödigheim Palace Library, acquired in 1990
  • Library of the Bismarck-Gymnasium Karlsruhe , acquired in 1953, 1958 and 1970
  • Grimmelshausen Collection Könnecke-Koschlig, acquired in 1981 and 1983
  • Alexander von Bernus Alchemy Library , acquired in 1978
  • Italy collection Klaus G. Frank, acquired in 2015
  • Library of the Baden-Württemberg commander of the Order of St. John, deposit 2007

In addition, there are the old prints from numerous estate libraries, children's book collections and book art collections.

Music

The music collection of the Badische Landesbibliothek is one of the largest in the state of Baden-Württemberg . It ranges from medieval music manuscripts from secularized monasteries to court music that was collected in the Baden residences in Karlsruhe, Rastatt, Baden-Baden and Donaueschingen. The collection is supplemented by numerous estates from composers and musicians who are of great importance beyond regional music history.

In detail, the Badische Landesbibliothek has music from the following sources:

  • Karlsruhe Court Library
  • Princely Fürstenbergische Hofbibliothek Donaueschingen
  • Baden-Baden Castle Library

A large part of the music manuscripts in the Badische Landesbibliothek can be found in the International Music Sources Dictionary ( Répertoire International des Sources Musicales ).

Ottoman world history with portraits, Baghdad around 1595–1597 (Cod. Rastatt 201)

Estates

Among the more than 200 estates and partial estates are some important personalities from Baden, above all writers and musicians, among them u. a .:

Some scholarly bequests are also kept in the Badische Landesbibliothek, such as Alexander von Bernus and Gerhart Baumann . You are distinguished by correspondence with important people in German literature. In this way, autograph letters from Paul Celan , Elias Canetti , Martin Heidegger , Marie-Luise Kaschnitz and others found their way into the holdings of the Badische Landesbibliothek.

Collection of historical maps

Orbis terrarum typus de integre in plurimis emedatus, auctus et icunculis illustratus, 17th century

The Badische Landesbibliothek has a large inventory of cartographic materials, including a. an extensive collection of historical maps. It contains important works of historical cartography, particularly on Baden-Württemberg and the Upper Rhine region . The temporal focus of the map collection is on the 18th century. From this time there are many maps made in southwest Germany, including multi-leaf wall maps. A large number of cards also date from around 1600, including rare cards such as rare Rhine cards or ornamental cards as single-sheet prints, often from Dutch publishers.

Baden-Württemberg

Minutes of the Baden Estates Assembly, 2nd Chamber, 1889/90

The regional holdings of the Badische Landesbibliothek include works handed down from earlier centuries that either existed before the Second World War or could be acquired as an antiquarian after 1945, as well as all new publications on the international book market that are related to the state of Baden-Württemberg with the Cover the acquisition profile of the Badische Landesbibliothek. Another decisive group is formed by those media that are permanently archived in the Baden State Library due to the Legal Deposit Act.

As a regional library, the Badische Landesbibliothek is particularly committed to providing the general public and research with the basic literature for dealing with the state of Baden-Württemberg and its history. Important regional literature and sources are therefore digitized by the Badische Landesbibliothek, whereby a large part of the digitized documents relevant to regional studies have been made searchable in full text via OCR text recognition . a. the minutes of the Baden Estates Assembly , the Karlsruhe address books, the Baden official gazettes, the bibliography of Baden history and the Karlsruhe theater bills .

building

Dome in the reading room
Baden State Library
Badische Landesbibliothek, sculpture garden
Inner courtyard of the Baden State Library

The ensemble of the Badische Landesbibliothek based on the design of the Cologne architect Oswald Mathias Ungers (1926–2007) was completed in 1991. Described by Ungers himself as a “homage to the classicist legacy of the city of Karlsruhe and in particular to the architectural language of Friedrich Weinbrenner”, it was praised then as now for its geometrical rigor and rationality as a work of art of timeless clarity. It has been a listed building since 2016. The laying of the foundation stone for the second new building of BLB in the post-war period took place on December 9, 1983. On August 18, 1987, the first construction phase was occupied. With the completion of the second section on September 9, 1991, the new library building at Erbprinzenstrasse 15 was completed and inaugurated the following year.

Karlsruhe Castle

When Karlsruhe was founded in 1715, the margravial court library was already 200 years old. From 1765 onwards, a recently completed annex building to the Karlsruhe Palace served as the first place of accommodation in the new residence. The books that had been placed in the Karlsburg in Durlach until then were transferred there; In 1771 the volumes from the library of the margraves in Baden-Baden were added.

Collection building on Friedrichsplatz

In 1873 the Grand Ducal Court and State Library, which had meanwhile grown to 122,486 volumes, moved to the collection building on Friedrichsplatz. Grand Duke Friedrich I of Baden (1826–1907) had this building built to make his various collections accessible to the public. The architect of the new building, built between 1866 and 1873 in the style of the Italian Renaissance, was the Karlsruhe chief building officer Karl Joseph Berckmüller (1800–1879), a student of the city architect Friedrich Weinbrenner . In this building, the state library used the entire upper floor. The book magazines were modern self-supporting shelf constructions that guaranteed optimal use of space. The reading and administration rooms were located in the middle wing of the building on the rear side, facing the nymph garden. The building was equipped with two elevators. Soon after moving in, the steadily growing museum and library collections ran out of space. With the founding of the Badisches Landesmuseum in 1919, the collections of antiquity and ethnology moved back to Karlsruhe Palace . From then on, SU shared the building with the Natural History Museum .

Without a house of their own

After the destruction of the Badische Landesbibliothek in the collection building on Friedrichsplatz in the night of September 2nd to 3rd, 1942, the library administration first moved to the rooms of the Evangelical High Church Council on Blumenstraße, from July 1943 it was located in the Ständehaus on Ritterstraße. After the Ständehaus had also been bombed out, she moved back into the collection building and spent the time until the end of the war in the basement of the east wing. The few remaining stocks evacuated from the cellars and the stocks newly procured for reconstruction were initially taken to relocation sites. They were brought back to Karlsruhe by April 1947 and initially placed in the north-western magazine wing of the General State Archives . From January 1950, SU was able to be reopened for use in the magazine section of the General State Archives . This post-war makeshift lasted fifteen years. Only in December 1964 was it possible to move into a new library building in the Nymphengarten.

Pavilion in the nymph garden

In June 1955, the state parliament of Baden-Württemberg decided to provide the funds for an independent new building for the Baden State Library on Friedrichsplatz . First, from 1958, the west wing of the collection building was repaired; A self-supporting steel shelf construction with intermediate shelves was erected here on six floors, which created space for around 500,000 volumes as a book store. The manuscript department and the workshops could also be accommodated here. For the usage and administrative areas, the State Building Administration designed a pavilion adjacent to the warehouse building according to service aspects. In 1964 this urgently needed new library building at the Nymphengarten was completed. For the first time in the history of the house, it also offered a separate exhibition area: Director Franz Anselm Schmitt (1908–1978) opened it with an exhibition on medieval book illumination. The pavilion is also a listed building today. The central location of the library in the city center resulted in a rapid increase in use, which the pavilion could not cope with. Due to the new regulation of the Legal Deposit Act in 1976, the resulting strong annual increase in inventory and the associated increase in staff, this first new BLB building turned out to be too small as early as the 1970s. In 1982 the one million mark in the media available in SU was exceeded. In 1991, SU moved out of the pavilion and left it to the State Museum of Natural History as an administrative building. The book magazine in the west wing of the former collection building was only cleared when a new external magazine was acquired in November 2013.

Plan for an extension

Elmar Mittler (born 1940), head director of the Badische Landesbibliothek since 1974, already ten years after moving into the pavilion pushed the project of an extension building for the Badische Landesbibliothek on the area opposite the book store on Ritterstrasse. A fallow land had been located here since 1944 and was used as a parking lot. The two previous buildings, the so-called Fürstenbergische Palais built in 1804, used by the Baden Ministry of Finance from 1918 and used by the Wehrmacht after 1933, and the Baden Foreign Ministry built in 1857, later the State Ministry and from 1933 the official seat of the Reich Governor in Baden Robert Wagner , were completely destroyed by air raids in 1944 . In 1979, the state of Baden-Württemberg launched a multi-stage architectural competition for the second new BLB building in the post-war period. In addition to numerous candidates from Baden-Württemberg, international competitors such as Rob Krier (born 1938) and Gustav Peichl (born 1928) from Vienna, Gottfried Böhm (born 1920) from Aachen and Aldo Rossi (1931–1997) took part in this competition Milan part. A total of 22 drafts were received. The winner was the Cologne architect Oswald Mathias Ungers (1926–2007), whose design convinced the jury because of its clear reference to the historical floor plan of the city of Karlsruhe and the small-scale, predominantly classicist building fabric of the area. Since the completion of the building in 1991, BLB has been housed at its current location on Erbprinzenstrasse. The gate building, which was completed a year later and which has housed the Knowledge Gate since 2012 , cites the Ettlinger Tor , which was demolished in 1872 because of dilapidation , and was also built by Friedrich Weinbrenner (1766–1826). The gate gives access to the sculpture garden.

Ungers building on Erbprinzenstrasse

The new library building was inaugurated on January 17th, 1992 with a main usable area of ​​14,000 m². In the commemorative publication on the new building, the architect wrote: “In a city such as Karlsruhe that is so clearly defined in terms of architecture and design, the idea of ​​designing a building that anticipates the past of its own history, a building that looks as if it always is would have already been there [...] and that could not be classified either in terms of contemporary history or form. ”An essential feature of the building ensemble is its integration into the neo-classical architecture of the immediate surroundings. It determines the scale and the design language of the building. The library building with dome and gable of the SU is directly related to the opposite, St. Stephen's Catholic Church , consecrated in 1814, by the Karlsruhe architect Friedrich Weinbrenner (1766–1826). He adopts their individual elements - dome, gable, portico, arcade - in a different arrangement in the new composition of a closed block with inner courtyard. The aim was to design the library building in such a way that not only the new building would become part of its surroundings but, conversely, the surroundings as well. The library building consists of an outer shell and an inner core, which are designed as two independent structures. The shell made of red sandstone with a slate covering houses the open magazines and the administrative areas. The core, which rises from the shell, has a yellow plaster and a copper cover and houses the closed magazine. The consistent and unmistakable design element of BLB is the square. As a central element, the square runs through the BLB in a three-meter grid and forms the basis of the entire architecture. In the center of the building is the reading room as a multi-storey pantheon room on a square floor plan. The connection of the cube and the hemisphere as basic geometric elements makes the hall archetypal. According to the architect's will, the auratic elevation of the room manifests itself as “the universal spirit of human thought and knowledge”, while the domed reading room “should radiate and convey constancy, duration, continuity and encyclopedic entirety”. The building, which has meanwhile been severely damaged by water entry and insufficient sun protection, has been renovated since summer 2017.

Literature (selection)

  • Peter Michael Ehrle: The Badische Landesbibliothek . In: The Baden regions on the Rhine: 50 years of Baden in Baden-Württemberg - a balance sheet, Baden-Baden 2002, pp. 443–446.
  • Peter Michael Ehrle, Ute Obhof: The manuscript collection of the Badische Landesbibliothek - Endangered cultural heritage? Casimir Katz Verlag, Gernsbach 2007, ISBN 978-3-938047-25-5 .
  • Peter Michael Ehrle: From the margraves' zeal for collecting to the state acquisition policy. On the history of the Badische Landesbibliothek . In: Paul-Ludwig Weinacht (Ed.): Baden - 200 years of the Grand Duchy. Vom Fürstenstaat zur Demokratie, Freiburg 2008, pp. 139–152 ( PDF ).
  • Emil Ettlinger: The original origin of the manuscripts that came to Karlsruhe from monastery, episcopal and knighthood libraries. Groos, Heidelberg 1901 ( digitized version ).
  • Ministry of Finance Baden-Württemberg (ed.): The Badische Landesbibliothek Karlsruhe. Architect Oswald Mathias Ungers. Hatje, Stuttgart 1992, ISBN 3-7757-0373-X .
  • Julia Hiller von Gaertringen and Karen Evers: Books and more: The Badische Landesbibliothek as a cultural institution in Karlsruhe . In: Karlsruhe - Fanned Out, Freiburg i. Br., 2015, pp. 205–216 ( digitized version )
  • Dieter Mertens, Volker Rödel: Sine ira et studio? A review of the “Badischer Kulturgüterstreit” 2006–2009 . In: Journal for the History of the Upper Rhine , Volume 123 (2014), pp. 471–503.
  • Gerhard Römer: The princes as founders, the state as saviors, at the service of the citizen: the way from the court library to the state library in Karlsruhe and Stuttgart . In: Römer, Gerhard: books, donors, libraries: book culture between Neckar and Lake Constance. Stuttgart u. a. 1997, pp. 130-152.
  • Gerhard Römer: "Freely accessible to all members of the state": the court and state library in Karlsruhe in the 19th century. In: City and Library: Supply of literature as a communal task in the Empire and in the Weimar Republic / ed. by Jörg Fligge and Alois Klotzbücher, Wiesbaden 1997, pp. 421–450. (Wolfenbüttel writings on the history of the book industry; 8).
  • Gerhard Römer: The report of the court librarian: Friedrich Molter's description of the grand ducal collections in Karlsruhe from 1838 . In: Books, People and Cultures: Festschrift for Hans-Peter Geh zum 65. Birthday / ed. by Birgit Schneider, Munich 1999, pp. 214–228.
  • Gerhard Römer (Ed.): Book - Reader - Library. Announcement of the Badische Landesbibliothek on the new building , Karlsruhe 1992.
  • Helene Seifert: From the terrible approaching monastery libraries: Joy and sorrows of the court library in Karlsruhe . In: Church property in princely hands. 1803: Secularization in Baden and Württemberg. Revolution from above, Ubstadt-Weiher 2003, pp. 76–79.
  • Gerhard Stamm: Margravial Baden book collections - preserved holdings . In: Book - Reader - Library Festschrift of the Badische Landesbibliothek on the new building, ed. by Gerhard Römer, Karlsruhe 1992, pp. 127–159.
  • Gerhard Stamm: inventory history (1.1–1.27) ( digitized version ). In: Bernhard Fabian: Handbook of historical book holdings in Germany, Hildesheim 2003. ( digitized version )
  • Ludger Syré: The history of the library - a chronicle in data and pictures . In: Book - Reader - Library: Festschrift of the Badische Landesbibliothek on the new building, ed. by Gerhard Römer, Karlsruhe 1992, pp. 13–31.
  • Ludger Syré: Badische Landesbibliothek, Karlsruhe. In: Regional libraries in Germany: with a view of Austria and Switzerland, ed. by Bernd Hagenau, Frankfurt a. M. 2000, pp. 358-363.
  • Ludger Syré: Karlsruhe, Baden State Library . In: State library building in Germany, Austria and Switzerland: new buildings, extensions and conversions, ed. by Detlev Hellfaier, Frankfurt a. M. 2003, pp. 53-77.
  • Ludger Syré (Red.): Karlsruhe library guide . Addresses - holdings - use. Badische Landesbibliothek, Karlsruhe 2003, ISBN 3-88705-055-X ( online edition ( Memento from April 14, 2009 in the Internet Archive )).
  • Ludger Syré: sinking in the phosphorus fire of the aerial bombs. The destruction of the Badische Landesbibliothek in the Second World War . In: Book and Library , Volume 57 (2005) 9, pp. 621–628 ( digitized version )
  • Ludger Syré: The Baden State Library in World War II - Downfall and New Beginning. In: Zeitschrift für die Geschichte des Oberrheins 154 (2006), pp. 493-516.
  • Ludger Syré: The manuscript dispute - a singular event in the fifty-year history of the Badische Bibliotheksgesellschaft . In: 50 Years of the Badische Bibliotheksgesellschaft Karlsruhe. Edited by Hansgeorg Schmidt-Bergmann. Karlsruhe 2016, pp. 31–43.
  • Ludger Syré: Five years of digitization of cultural assets at the Badische Landesbibliothek - an interim balance . In: Bibliotheksdienst 50 (2016), pp. 943–959.

Web links

Commons : Badische Landesbibliothek  - collection of pictures, videos and audio files
Wikisource: The Grand Ducal Court and State Library in Carlsruhe  - Sources and full texts

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Statistics (as of 2019).
  2. ↑ Statistics. In: Website of the Baden State Library. Badische Landesbibliothek, accessed on July 1, 2019 .
  3. ↑ portrait. In: Website of the Baden State Library. Badische Landesbibliothek, accessed on January 12, 2018 .
  4. ↑ a b Regional tasks. In: Website of the Baden State Library. Badische Landesbibliothek, accessed on January 12, 2018 .
  5. ↑ portrait. In: Website of the Baden State Library. Badische Landesbibliothek, accessed on January 25, 2018 .
  6. ↑ Statistics. In: Website of the Baden State Library. Badische Landesbibliothek, accessed on July 1, 2019 .
  7. ↑ rooms. In: Website of the Baden State Library. Badische Landesbibliothek, accessed on January 25, 2018 .
  8. ↑ Collections. In: Website of the Baden State Library. Badische Landesbibliothek, accessed on January 25, 2018 .
  9. ↑ Digital collections. In: Website of the Baden State Library. Badische Landesbibliothek, accessed on January 25, 2018 .
  10. ↑ Regional tasks. In: Website of the Baden State Library. Badische Landesbibliothek, accessed on January 25, 2018 .
  11. ^ Law on the delivery of mandatory copies to the Badische Landesbibliothek in Karlsruhe and the Württembergische Landesbibliothek in Stuttgart. In: Website of the Baden State Library. Badische Landesbibliothek, accessed on January 25, 2018 .
  12. ↑ inventory. In: Website of the Baden State Library. Badische Landesbibliothek, accessed on January 25, 2018 .
  13. ^ State bibliography of Baden-Württemberg. In: Website of the Baden State Library. Badische Landesbibliothek, accessed on January 25, 2018 .
  14. ^ Baden-Württemberg online archive. In: Website of the Baden-Württemberg Online Archive. Library Service Center, accessed January 25, 2018 .
  15. ↑ exhibitions. In: Website of the Baden State Library. Badische Landesbibliothek, accessed on January 25, 2018 .
  16. ↑ cultural program. In: Website of the Baden State Library. Badische Landesbibliothek, accessed on January 25, 2018 .
  17. ↑ Cultural tasks. In: Website of the Baden State Library. Badische Landesbibliothek, accessed on January 25, 2018 .
  18. ^ Statutes of the Badische Bibliotheksgesellschaft eV In: Website of the Badische Landesbibliothek. Badische Landesbibliothek, accessed on February 19, 2018 .
  19. ^ History. In: Website of the Baden State Library. Badische Landesbibliothek, accessed on January 12, 2018 .
  20. ^ Book of hours of Margrave Christoph I of Baden - Durlach 1 digitized version of the SU, accessed on January 12, 2018.
  21. ^ Chronicle from 1500. In: Website of the Badische Landesbibliothek. Badische Landesbibliothek, accessed on January 12, 2018 .
  22. ^ The secularization 1803. In: Website of the Badische Landesbibliothek. Badische Landesbibliothek, accessed on January 12, 2018 .
  23. ^ The destruction of the library in 1942. In: Website of the Badische Landesbibliothek. Badische Landesbibliothek, accessed on January 12, 2018 .
  24. ^ Historical catalog 1872-1942 In: blb-karlsruhe.de , accessed on January 19, 2018.
  25. ^ Historical catalog of the Badische Landesbibliothek Karlsruhe In: blb-karlsruhe.de , accessed on January 19, 2018.
  26. ↑ building. In: Website of the Baden State Library. Badische Landesbibliothek, accessed on January 12, 2018 .
  27. ↑ Autographs and bequests. In: Website of the Baden State Library. Badische Landesbibliothek, accessed on January 12, 2018 .
  28. ↑ Old prints and rarities. In: Website of the Baden State Library. Badische Landesbibliothek, accessed on January 12, 2018 .
  29. ^ History. In: Website of the Baden State Library. Badische Landesbibliothek, accessed on January 12, 2018 .
  30. ^ State library open longer, in: Der Sonntag, April 25, 2010, p. 4.
  31. ↑ Klaus Graf: Are top manuscripts from the Badische Landesbibliothek sold? In: Archivalia. September 20, 2006, accessed January 12, 2018 .
  32. ↑ See u. a. Open letter dated September 28, 2006 with more than 2500 signatories from the professional world ( Memento of the original dated May 9, 2007 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. ; Letter to the editor from 19 international art historians (including from the universities of Harvard, Yale and Princeton) in the FAZ of September 28, 2006, No. 226 / page 44 @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / cgi-host.uni-marburg.de
  33. ^ The manuscript dispute 2006–2009. In: Website of the Baden State Library. Badische Landesbibliothek, accessed on January 12, 2018 .
  34. ^ Head of SU since 1769. In: Website of the Badische Landesbibliothek. Badische Landesbibliothek, accessed on January 15, 2018 .
  35. ↑ a b statistics. In: Website of the Baden State Library. Retrieved December 29, 2017 .
  36. ^ Magazines and newspapers. In: Website of the Baden State Library. Retrieved December 29, 2017 .
  37. ↑ Digital collections. In: Website of the Baden State Library. Badische Landesbibliothek, accessed on January 15, 2018 .
  38. ↑ Virtual treasury. In: Website of the Baden State Library. Badische Landesbibliothek, accessed on January 15, 2018 .
  39. ↑ manuscripts. In: Website of the Baden State Library. Badische Landesbibliothek, accessed on January 16, 2018 .
  40. ↑ Collection of manuscripts. In: Website of the Baden State Library. Badische Landesbibliothek, accessed on January 16, 2018 .
  41. ↑ a b inventory. In: Website of the Baden State Library. Badische Landesbibliothek, accessed on March 3, 2018 .
  42. ↑ Old prints and rarities. In: Website of the Baden State Library. Badische Landesbibliothek, accessed on March 1, 2018 .
  43. ↑ inventory. In: Website of the Baden State Library. Badische Landesbibliothek, accessed on March 1, 2018 .
  44. ↑ inventory. In: Website of the Baden State Library. Badische Landesbibliothek, accessed on March 1, 2018 .
  45. ↑ a b inventory. In: Website of the Baden State Library. Badische Landesbibliothek, accessed on March 3, 2018 .
  46. ↑ Holdings of personal papers and autographs. In: Website of the Baden State Library. Badische Landesbibliothek, accessed on January 16, 2018 .
  47. ↑ inventory. In: Website of the Baden State Library. Badische Landesbibliothek, accessed on March 6, 2018 .
  48. ↑ inventory. In: Website of the Baden State Library. Badische Landesbibliothek, accessed on March 6, 2018 .
  49. ↑ Digital collection. In: Website of the Baden State Library. Badische Landesbibliothek, accessed on March 6, 2018 .
  50. ↑ Neidhart, Monika: Open the fan - all roads lead to the castle. In: St.Galler Tagblatt. Archived from the original on January 17, 2018 ; accessed on January 16, 2018 .
  51. ↑ building. In: Website of the Baden State Library. Badische Landesbibliothek, accessed on January 16, 2018 .
  52. ↑ a b c d e f story. In: Website of the Baden State Library. Badische Landesbibliothek, accessed on January 16, 2018 .
  53. ↑ Knowledge gateway. In: Website of the Baden State Library. Badische Landesbibliothek, accessed on January 16, 2018 .
  54. ↑ Sculpture Garden. In: Website of the Baden State Library. Badische Landesbibliothek, accessed on January 16, 2018 .
  55. ^ A b c Oswald Mathias Ungers: The draft of the new building, in: Gerhard Römer (Hrsg.): Book - Reader - Library. Festschrift of the Badische Landesbibliothek on the new building, Karlsruhe 1992, p. 69