Savenay – Landerneau railway line
Savenay – Landerneau | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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A TGV runs through Drefféac
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Location of the route in France
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Route number (SNCF) : | 470000 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Course book route (SNCF) : | 360, 361, 373 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Route length: | 299.651 km | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Gauge : | 1435 mm ( standard gauge ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Power system : | 25 kV 50 Hz (Savenay – Quimper) ~ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Maximum slope : | 12 ‰ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Top speed: | 220 km / h | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Dual track : | Savenay-Quimper | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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The Savenay – Landerneau railway is a French standard-gauge railway that connects the stations of Savenay near Nantes and Landerneau near Brest (Finistère) through southern Brittany . The section from Redon via Vannes , Auray and Lorient to Quimper is operated together with the Rennes – Redon railway line by the TGV from Paris via Le Mans and Rennes ; the section from Savenay to Quimper enables intercity trains to run via Nantes to southern France . The entire route is served by regional trains of the TER Bretagne , at the southern end additionally by those of the TER Pays de la Loire . There is only regional traffic north of Quimper.
In 1862 the line was the first to reach southern Brittany and the larger cities there such as Vannes, Auray, Lorient and Quimper. Together with the Rennes – Redon railway line, it has since enabled connections with Paris, either via Rennes or Nantes.
history
From Nantes to Châteaulin and branch to Napoléonville
From 1855: approval and planning
On May 2, 1855, a law on a railway from Nantes to Châteaulin with a branch to Pontivy (then: "Napoléonville") was published. It stipulated that the state would contribute 25 million francs . On June 14, 1855, an agreement was signed between the state and the Chemin de fer de Paris à Orléans (PO), whose railway line Tours-Saint-Nazaire had already reached Nantes in 1851, the first article of which was the concession for this line to this company forgave. The second article stipulated that the line should branch off from the Tours – Saint-Nazaire railway line at Savenay, and a route via Redon, Lorient and Quimper to Châteaulin was also prescribed. It was not yet clear where the branch to Napoléonville would be. With an imperial decree of June 20, 1855, this agreement was confirmed and the company set the deadlines for its implementation: Lorient should be reached within five years, Quimper within eight and Châteaulin within nine years. The branch to Napoléonville was to be built within nine years.
The specifications provided for a two-track route . Further regulations related to the carriage of mail, telegraphs , accident prevention and rescue measures as well as military transport.
The chief engineer Jégou and the engineers Francois Watier and De Fréminville were named as responsible engineers.
Commissioning from 1862–1864
The line was opened in sections, it initially consisted of only one track, the substructure was designed with two tracks according to the requirements. The section from Savenay to Lorient was opened on September 26, 1862, at the same time as the Rennes – Redon railway line. Quimper was reached on September 8, 1863, and Châteaulin on December 12, 1864. On December 18 of the same year, the Auray – Pontivy line followed .
From Châteaulin to Landerneau
This section, not even 50 km long, was not included in the concession of 1855, although a connection further to Brest was planned. Since the terrain was difficult, a shipping line across the Aulne and the Bay of Brest was under discussion. However, expert opinions showed that this solution would be unsatisfactory. On June 14, 1861, an imperial decree established the public's interest in connecting the railway lines from Nantes to Châteaulin and Paris – Brest . On June 11, 1863, an agreement was made between the railway company and the Ministry for the construction of the Châteaulin – Landerneau connection, which was confirmed by an imperial decree on July 6. Work began in September 1865 and this section was opened on December 16, 1867.
The line was electrified in 1991 from Savenay to Lorient and a year later to Quimper.
course
The route runs roughly along the south and west coast of Brittany. Route nationale 165 and, somewhat further away, the Canal de Nantes à Brest follow a similar route .
At Savenay station , the line from Nantes branches off to the north. It leads north via Pontchâteau through the Loire-Atlantique department . Shortly before Redon, it is linked to the Rennes – Redon railway line by a triangular track . Between the junction and the Redon train station , it crosses the Vilaine and thus reaches today's region of Brittany in the Ille-et-Vilaine department . Up to this point the route is relatively flat with slopes up to 9 ‰. From Redon the route runs to the west. Shortly after Redon, the line crosses the Canal de Nantes à Brest and the Oust , reaching the Morbihan department . About Saint-Briac and Malansac is Questembert reached where earlier a distance from Ploërmel einmündete.
With Vannes a coastal town is reached for the first time, the route continues over the old towns at the ends of the indentations. In Auray, the lines to Pontivy and Quiberon branch off, the only branches of this line on which at least tourist services are still offered; all others have been abandoned in passenger traffic. After Hennebont the connection arrives in Lorient.
Shortly after Lorient, the Finistère department is reached, and the line turns again to the northwest. In Quimperlé , a railway branches off towards Concarneau , from which a short section is served by freight traffic. Quimper, seat of the prefecture of the Finistère department, has a train station with four platforms. This is where the TGV traffic, the contact wire and the second track end.
From there the railway leads north via Châteaulin; Landerneau station is reached in a wide arc , where it joins the Paris – Brest railway line .
Top speeds
The following table shows which speeds TGV (north of Quimper AGV ) are allowed to travel on this route (as of 2014).
From | To | Top speed |
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Savenay (Km 469.5) | Sévérac (Km 498.6) | 140 |
Sévérac (Km 498.6) | Redon (Km 511.4) | 130 |
Redon (Km 511.4) | Malansac (Km 528.6) | 160 |
Malansac (Km 528.6) | 544.2 km | 220 |
544.2 km | Auray (Km 584.9) | 160 |
Auray (Km 584.9) | Hennebont (Km 611.3) | 200 |
Hennebont (Km 611.3) | 622.5 km | 140 |
622.5 km | Gestel (Km 628.3) | 150 |
Gestel (Km 628.3) | Km 667 | 160 |
Km 667 | 678.5 km | 130 |
678.5 km | Quimper (Km 684.8) | 160 |
Quimper (Km 684.8) | Quéménéven (Km 702.6) | 120 |
Quéménéven (Km 702.6) | Châteaulin (Km 715.2) | 110 |
Châteaulin (Km 715.2) | Quimerc'h (Km 728.7) | 115 |
Quimerc'h (Km 728.7) | Viaduc de Daoulas (Km 752.1) | 120 |
Viaduc de Daoulas (Km 752.1) | Landerneau (Km 769.1) | 110 |
Between Quimper and Landerneau, slow speed zones down to 60 km / h had to be set up in 2015 due to the poor road conditions.
equipment
The line from Savenay to Quimper has been expanded to two tracks and has been electrified since September 10, 1991 (Gestel – Quimper a year later) with the AC current of 25 kV / 50 Hz that is common in France . There it has the security system block automatique à permissivité restreinte (BAPR, a self-blocking system ). The single-track line from Quimper to Landerneau is equipped with a Manuel de Voie Unique type SNCF (BMVU) block (a line block ) and is controlled from Quimper.
traffic
As on the other Breton routes, rail traffic is dominated by passenger trains. The long-distance traffic consists mainly of TGV Atlantique from Quimper to Paris Gare Montparnasse via Rennes and the LGV Atlantique and opposite direction , as on the north route Brest-Rennes . Individual high-speed trains run to Lille .
TGV stop in Redon, Vannes, Aurauy, Lorient, Quimperlé, Rosporden and Quimper, although not all of these trains stop at every long-distance station. Landerneau is a stop for several TGVs on the north route Brest – Rennes; a few TGVs from St-Nazaire to Paris stop in Savenay.
The section between Quimper and Landerneau is only used by the TER Bretagne regional traffic. Since 2011 there have been continuous connections between Nantes and Brest with AGC Bimodes , which can run on diesel and electricity; the drive is switched when staying in Quimper and Landerneau.
Expansion plans
The Bretagne Regional Council has announced that it will expand the Quimper – Brest line from 2017 onwards for speeds of up to 140 km / h.
In the 2017 timetable (December 11, 2016 to December 9, 2017) the Quimper – Landerneau section is closed to modernization work. The travel time from Quimper to Brest should then be reduced to a minimum of 1 hour 01 and an average of 1 hour 15.
Individual evidence
- ↑ Timetable 1963: “Arrêt à la forêt du Cranou les dimanches et fêtes du 2 June to 15 September à titre d'essai. »Arrêt au PN 546, passage at level with the RD42. - Trial stop only on Sundays and public holidays, at the level crossing to Departementstraße 42
- ↑ Le Télégramme, Quimper ville: quelques repères historiques, article du 14 avril 2009, text (accessed October 2, 2009).
- ^ François Napoléon Marie Moigno, Les Mondes: revue hebdomadaire des sciences et leurs applications aux arts et à l'industrie, Volume 7, 1865, p.369 text (accessed on October 16, 2015).
- ↑ N ° 9340 - Décret impérial qui déclare d'utilité publique l'établissement d'un chemin de fer reliant la ligne de Nantes à Châteaulin à celle de Rennes à Brest, June 14, 1861, Bulletin des lois de l'Empire Français, Paris , Imprimerie Impériale, Series XI, Volume 18, Number 953, 1861, pages 251-252.
- ↑ N ° 11559 - Décret impérial qui approuve la convention passée le 11 juin 1863 entre le ministre de l'agriculture, du commerce et des travaux publics, et la compagnie du chemin de fer d'Orléans, 6 juillet 1863, Bulletin des lois de l'Empire Français, Paris, Imprimerie Impériale, series = XI, volume = 22, number 313, 1863 | p. 188–193 text , accessed October 16, 2015.
- ^ A b Gérard Blier, Nouvelle Géographie ferroviaire de la France, Tome 2: L'organization régionale du trafic (Gérard Blier) #La Vie du Rail | Nouvelle Géographie ferroviaire de la France, Tome 2: L'organization régionale du trafic , 1993 , éd. La Vie du Rail.
- ^ Announcement of the Cote Quimper, accessed on October 17, 2015
- ↑ Modernization de la ligne TER Brest-Quimper: pas avant 2017 , accessed on September 21, 2015
- ^ Information sheet (French) ( Memento of December 20, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) on the construction work
- Annales des ponts et chaussées, 1855
- ↑ a b c p. 382 text
- ^ P. 383: "La convention a été approuvée par un décret impérial en date du 20 June 1855".
- ↑ pp. 384-386 text
- ↑ p. 399 text
- ^ "Overture du chemin de fer de Châteaulin à Landerneau", pp. 94–99 text
literature
- «N ° 982 - May 2, 1855: Chemin de fer de Nantes à Châteaulin, with embranchement sur Napoléonville. - Concession », dans Annales des ponts et chaussées , 3e série, Victor Dalmont, 1855, pp.382–386 ( loi et cahier des charges )
- Annales des ponts et chaussées, 1855, Victor Dalmont [1] , Retrieved October 2, 2009
- "Inauguration du chemin de fer de Lorient", Louis de Kerjean, dans Chroniques, Revue de Bretagne, de Vendée & d'Anjou , part 2, J. Forest aîné, Nantes, 1862, p. 330-334 ( C'est à Lorient qu'a lieu l'inauguration de la section, Savenay - Lorient )
- «Inauguration du chemin de fer de Napoléonville, le 18 December 1864», François Napoléon Marie Moigno, Les Mondes: revue hebdomadaire des sciences et leurs applications aux arts et à l'industrie, Volume 7, 1865, pp.369–372 text ( Public domain) (accessed October 2, 2009).
- "Finistère: 1 - Ligne de Châteaulin à Landerneau", in Annales des Ponts et Chaussées , 4th série, 2nd semestre, Dunod , 1868, p. 89-91 ( route description )