Heede (Emsland)

coat of arms	Germany map
	Coordinates: 53 ° 0 '  N , 7 ° 18'  E
Basic data
State :	Lower Saxony
County :	Emsland
Joint municipality :	Dörpen
Height :	4 m above sea level NHN
Area :	31.1 km 2
Residents:	2523 (Dec. 31, 2019)
Population density :	81 inhabitants per km 2
Postal code :	26892
Area code :	04963
License plate :	Tbsp
Community key :	03 4 54 020
Address of the municipal administration:	Am Markt 6 26892 Heede
Website :	www.heede-ems.de
Mayor :	Antonius Pohlmann ( CDU )
Location of the municipality of Heede in the district of Emsland

Heede is a municipality in the integrated municipality of Dörpen in the Emsland district in Lower Saxony . The community has about 2200 inhabitants and extends over an area of ​​31.1 km².

geography

Geographical location

The municipality of Heede is located in the northern part of the Emsland west of the Ems .

Neighboring communities

Neighboring communities are in the north the community Rhede and the city Papenburg , in the east the communities Lehe and Dörpen , in the south the community Dersum . In the west it borders on the Netherlands .

history

For the first time Heede is mentioned as heithe in a deed of gift from the local nobleman in 1177 . Presumably the settlement has existed since the end of the 8th century.

Already in the first historical time of the Emsland the "Haus Heede" appears as property of the diocese of Münster , which is related to the fact that the northern part of the Emsland, the so-called Saxon Emsgau (the old parishes Aschendorf, Rhede and Heede) does not belong Osnabrück, but from Münster through St. Liudger has been proselytized. In 1252, the prince-bishopric of Münster gained control of most of the Emsland and had to protect this property from its neighbors, especially from the west ( Netherlands ) and north ( East Frisia ). For this purpose a number of castles were built along the Ems, the northwesternmost of which was built at the Heede house. For this purpose it was located at the militarily important point, the narrow anhydrous headland through the Bourtanger Moor between Westerwolde and the Emsland . The origin of the Scharpenburg lies in the division of the Heede estate in 1467 when the brothers Coep and Werenbold von Heede shared their inheritance and Coep built his own apartment, which later became the Schärpenburg. At the beginning of the 15th century, the castle is said to have undergone a thorough renovation or a completely new construction, as is said to have resulted from the remains that were still present in the 19th century. These are said to have had the character of the famous Westphalian moated castles: a square square protected by a wide, double moat, on which the castle stood. From the history of the Schärpenburg in its first centuries nothing certain has been passed down.

Old linden tree in Heede

At the so-called Köppel there is a huge, ancient linden tree, which the inhabitants also call "thick linden tree". The circumference is 15.39 m (2016). It is said to have been the Burglinde of the former Schärpenburg, which was destroyed by the Swedish General Rabenhaupt in the Bishop von Galen's last Dutch war. The tree is known as the "1000 year old linden tree" and attracts many guests who are impressed by this unusual and unique natural spectacle.

The founding of the old Petrus Church goes back to the realm of legend. Even today there is a wooden plaque that says:

“ In the year of the birth of Christ 900 this church was still a chapel at the Huis zu Hede. Dar na as one shreef 1484 raised the Wohledel ehrenvest Wermolt von Heede and sine libe Houißfrow the ock noble born Walburgis Lankhals godly remembrance this Kerke grotter laten bouwen ock with Wiedenhuiß and Hoengewaß ingeliken other countries and donated honor God given and donated. "

-

Heede belonged to Münster for most of the time of the Holy Roman Empire, after the main conclusion of the extraordinary Reichsdeputation ( Reichsdeputationshauptschluss ) in 1803, Heede came to the Duchy of Arenberg-Meppen . In 1810 the Duchy of France was annexed and incorporated into the Lippe Département . During this so-called "French era", Heede in the arrondissement of Neuenhaus was the canton capital of the Heede canton of the same name. Mairie Heede and Mairie Rhede with the towns of Rhede, Borsum, Bural and Neurhede in Mairie Rhede and Heede, Dersum, Neudersum, Sustrum, Langen and Walchum in Mairie Heede belonged to this canton.

Origin of the place name

Old names of the place are around 1378 Heyde, Hethe, Hede, Heda.

The place name belongs to “haithi”, Dutch “heed”, Middle Low German “heide”, Old High German “heida” for “Heide”. The extremely common name element "haithi" is partly explained as a term for a "woodless area overgrown with Erica".

politics

2011 municipal election

Wbt .: 56.70% (2006: 57.46%)

 %

90

80

70

60

50

40

30th

20th

10

0

85.61%

14.39%

n. k.

CDU

SPD

FDP

Gains and losses

compared to 2006

 % p

   8th

   6th

   4th

   2

   0

  -2

  -4

  -6

  -8th

+6.65  % p

+ 0.74  % p.p.

-7.39  % p

CDU

SPD

FDP

Municipal council

The local council in Heede is made up of 13 councilors. Since the local elections on September 11, 2011, two parties have belonged to it.

• CDU : 11 seats (+1)
• SPD : 2 seats (± 0)

Local elections 2016:

• CDU: 10 seats
• SPD: 3 seats

mayor

• 1824–1841 Jan Coßmann
• 1841–1858 Nikolaus Hunfeld
• 1858–1862 Arnhold Olker
• 1862–1873 Johann Hermann Pelster
• 1873–1889 Hermann Schuckenbrock
• 1889–1910 Aegidius Wocken
• 1910–1918 Hermann Schuckenbrock
• 1918 – July 1926 Bernhard Werdmann
• July – September 1926 Johann Terfehr
• 1926–1945 Hermann Connemann
• 1945–1946 Bene Bögemann
• 1946–1952 Aegidius Wocken
• 1952–1973 Bernhard Thörner
• 1973–1989 Gerhard Brand
• 1989–2001 Heinrich Eden (CDU)
• 2001-2007 Alois Soring (CDU)
• since April 2007 Antonius Pohlmann (CDU)

coat of arms

Today's coat of arms is divided horizontally in the middle by a crest of waves. The upper background is red, the lower background is brownish. In the middle of the coat of arms is a linden tree, in the lower non-heraldic right corner a red ear of wheat and in the lower non-heraldic left corner a red Petrus key.

Culture and sights

High altar in the Sankt-Petrus-Kirche in Heede

Sankt-Marien-Kirche in Heede

• 1000-year-old linden tree (" Riesenlinde zu Heede ") - largest linden tree in Europe; Trunk circumference: 15.39 m, height: 20 m, crown diameter: approx. 35 m, age: 600 - 1000 years. In October 2019, the linden was the first tree to be included in the list of " National Heritage Trees ".
• Petruskirche
• Marienkirche
• Meeting place
• 950 meter long 5-mast water ski facility "Blue Bay"
• Heeder Kirmes in October
• Shooting festival in July
• Heeder Moor
• Herzogwald
• Festival “Heeder See in Flammen” in August
• At the Heeder See , guests will find weekend and holiday homes, a campsite, a snack bar, volleyball fields, trampolines and of course the water ski facility.

Adoration of the Virgin Mary in Heede

Heede was best known for the fact that apparitions of Mary are said to have occurred between 1937 and 1940 . Four girls (Grete Ganseforth, Anni Schulte, Maria Ganseforth and Susanne Bruns) between the ages of eleven and thirteen reported that they had seen Our Lady , who wanted to be venerated as the “Queen of the Universe” and “Queen of Poor Souls”. The apparitions are said to have mostly taken place in the cemetery next to the Petruskirche. Every year around 70,000 pilgrims visit Heede. The bishops of Osnabrück reacted cautiously to negatively. There were occasional conflicts. An investigation by the Roman Catholic Church has not yet taken place. Bishop Franz-Josef Bode von Osnabrück put an end to the speculation in a way by declaring in 2000 that Heede should be a place of prayer for the Mother of God, but that a church investigation and thus possibly a recognition of the apparitions would not be initiated.

Economy and Infrastructure

traffic

Lock at Heede (aerial photo 2013)

The community is conveniently located on the federal highway 31 , the federal roads 70 ( Moormerland - Wesel ) and 401 (Heede- Oldenburg ). The coastal channel meets the Ems near the village .

energy

The high-voltage direct current transmission system DolWin1 is currently being built in Heede . A geothermal power plant will be built in 2017.

Honorary citizen

• Johannes Brinkmann (* 1926), pastor, awarded in 2006

literature

To local knowledge

• Hermann Abels: Contributions to the local history of Heeder . Edited by Alfons Dietrichsdorf from the author's estate. Heimat- und Verkehrsverein Heede, Heede 1978.
• Hermann Abels: The place names of the Emsland, in their linguistic and cultural-historical significance . Ferdinand Schöningh Verlag, Paderborn 1929.
• Ernst Förstemann, Hermann Jellinghaus (Hrsg.): Old German name book . Volume II, 1 and 2: Place names . Bonn 1913/1916 (reprint: Volume II, 2, Hildesheim 1967/1983, ISBN 3-487-01733-4 ).
• Werner Kaemling: Atlas on the history of Lower Saxony . Gerd J. Holtzmeyer Verlag, Braunschweig 1987, ISBN 3-923722-44-3 .
• Albrecht Friedrich Ludolph Lasius : The French Kayser State under the government of the Kayser Napoleon the Great in 1812 . A Geographical-Historical Manual, First Department, Osnabrück: Johann Gottfried Kißling, 1813, p. 279 ( Google Books )

For the veneration of Mary in Heede

• Johannes Brinkmann (Ed.): Heede. Grace and mandate . Johannes-Verlag, Leutesdorf 1982.
• Heinrich Eizereif (ed.): Maria in Heede - history and development. Documentary report with studies and discussions about the apparitions of Mary in Heede im Emsland in the period from November 1, 1937 to November 3, 1940 . Weto-Verlag, Meersburg, 3rd edition 2007.
• Angela Mahmoodzada, Maria Kuis (ed.): Hope for the poor souls. The Mother of God von Heede . Miriam-Verlag, Jestetten 2011. ISBN 978-3-87449-374-1 .
• Maria Anna Zumholz: Popular piety and Catholic milieu. Apparitions of the Virgin Mary in Heede 1937–1940 in the field of tension between popular piety, the National Socialist regime and the church hierarchy . Runge, Cloppenburg 2004. ISBN 3-926720-31-X :

Web links

Commons : Heede  - collection of images, videos and audio files

• Heede community
• The Heede place of prayer (official website)

Individual evidence

1. ↑ State Office for Statistics Lower Saxony, LSN-Online regional database, Table 12411: Update of the population, as of December 31, 2019  ( help ).
2. ↑ Rudolf Vom Bruch: The knight seats of the Emsland. Verlag Aschendorff, Münster 1962, DNB 455302553 .
3. ^ Hermann Abels: Contributions to the local history of Heeder. 1st edition. 1978.
4. ^ Riesenlinde in the directory of monumental oaks . Retrieved January 31, 2017
5. ↑ Wooden panel, hanging in the church of St. Petrus in Ketten Heede
6. ^ Johann Gottfried Kißling, The French Kaysersaat, 1813.
7. ^ Jürgen Udolph (research): The "place name researcher". In: website NDR 1 Lower Saxony . Archived from the original on November 27, 2015 ; accessed on August 4, 2019 . 
8. ↑ Archive link ( Memento from January 4, 2016 in the Internet Archive )
9. ↑ Archive link ( Memento from December 14, 2015 in the Internet Archive )
10. ↑ http://www.heede-ems.de/index.php/wirtschaft-politik/politik/2016-2021.html
11. ↑ http://www.heede-ems.de/index.php/heede-heute-historisch/heede-historisch/heeder-persoenitäten/buergermeister.html
12. ^ Riesenlinde in the directory of monumental oaks . Retrieved January 31, 2017
13. ↑ National Heritage Trees , accessed May 17, 2020.
14. ↑ Johannes Brinkmann (ed.): Heede. Grace and mandate . Johannes-Verlag, Leutesdorf, 2nd edition 1985, p. 34 (names of the children) and p. 31 (title of the Mother of God).
15. ↑ about the Maria in Heede
16. ^ Tennet TSO : Press release - information event on the new Dörpen West substation in Heede ( Memento from February 2, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) from January 19, 2011 (accessed on April 15, 2011)
17. ↑ Honorary citizen of the community of Heede: Johannes Brinkmann , accessed on December 11, 2019.