Johannes Heesters

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Johannes Heesters as Emperor Franz Joseph I. (2008)

Johannes "Jopi (e)" Heesters , actually Johan Marius Nicolaas Heesters , (born  December 5, 1903 in Amersfoort , Netherlands ; †  December 24, 2011 in Starnberg , Germany ) was a Dutch person who lived and worked in Germany from 1936 until his death Actor and singer (tenor), who, according to the majority of the sources, also had Austrian citizenship . In the last years of his life, he was considered the world's oldest still active performing artist . In total, he was on stage for 90 years and in front of the camera for 87 years.

Life

Training and first successes

Johannes Heesters in 1919 at the age of 16

The youngest of four sons of the businessman Jacobus Heesters (1865–1946) and his wife Geertruida Jacoba, née van den Heuvel (1866–1951), began a commercial apprenticeship after finishing school. At the age of 16, Heesters made the decision to become an actor and founded his own theater group. He completed a singing and acting training at the Amsterdam Operetta Theater and soon received a number of engagements; In 1921 he had his first stage appearances in plays by William Shakespeare and August Strindberg .

In 1924 he played a supporting role in his first film, the silent film Cirque Hollandais , directed by Theo Frenkel . In December 1927 he sang with Harry Frommermann , who founded the singing group Comedian Harmonists , but declined an engagement when he told him he would not be able to pay a fee for the next few months.

Heesters in 1928 with Louisa 'Wiske' Ghijs , who two years later became his wife

In 1930 Heesters married the Belgian actress Louisa Ghijs (called Wiske), with whom he remained married until her death in 1985. The marriage had two daughters, Louise Paula 'Wiesje' Herold-Heesters (* 1931, pianist in Vienna) and Nicole Heesters (actress in Hamburg). Heesters' son-in-law was the set designer Pit Fischer , and one of his grandchildren is the actress Saskia Fischer .

In 1932 he took on his first singing role and subsequently played in various operettas . In 1934 he made his debut with Millöcker's begging student at the Vienna Volksoper . In 1935, the film Alles für die Firma was made in the Vienna Film Atelier , in the Dutch version of which De vier Mullers Heesters was shown in the role of Otto. This was followed by stage appearances in Salzburg and in Czechoslovakia . In the same year, the Amsterdam-based Majestic-Film announced the production of a "great Dutch operetta film" (director: Haro van Peski) with Heesters in the lead role.

Heesters in the National Socialist German Empire

In 1936, Heesters moved to Berlin , poached to the Komische Oper there , where from then on he worked in numerous operettas and music films. In the same year he played under the direction of Georg Jacoby in the UFA film adaptation of the beggar student ; the music films Das Hofkonzert (1936) and Gasparone (1937) followed. He was nicknamed "Jopie" by the Berlin audience. On New Year's Eve 1938 he gave Count Danilo for the first time in The Merry Widow at Munich's Gärtnerplatztheater  - a role which he then played more than 1,600 times over four and a half decades until 1983, and which he expanded into his star role. Adolf Hitler attended several of the first performances. The press in the Netherlands, which was independent prior to the occupation of the country by the Wehrmacht in 1940, followed Heesters' career in the German Reich largely with goodwill. His German films received almost without exception positive reviews in the Netherlands and were shown in cinemas there with great success even after 1940.

“Voorts bevat the program nog twee Johan Heesters-films, waarmee onze landgenoot ongetwijfeld opnieuw groote successen zal oogsten. 'Zal mijn vrouw zwijgen?' is een vermakelijke huwelijkscomedie, […] zijn tweede film is een pompeuze operetta film; or directed by van George [sic] Jacoby zal men film Millöcker's " Gasperone " [sic]. "

“The program also includes two Johan Heesters films with which our compatriot will undoubtedly reap great success. 'Zal mijn vrouw zwijgen?' [Original title: When women are silent ] is an entertaining married comedy, while his second film is an elaborate operetta adaptation; directed by Georg Jacoby is one Millöckers Gasparone film. "

- Het Vaderland , June 3, 1937

“In Luxor men deze week 'Always ... you', with Johan Heesters can never be guaranteed. De groote belangstelling er voor noopte Luxor's directie deze operetta-film te prolongeeren. "

“At the Luxor this week it's still just ... you! seen with Johan Heesters. The great public interest forced the Luxor management to extend the season of this operetta film. "

- Dordrechtsche Courant, January 30, 1943

Heesters fell increasingly out of favor with Dutch resistance groups. That is why he was not a public favorite in his home country, but was sometimes viewed as a collaborator or a follower for career reasons who had been in German service when his home country was occupied by the Wehrmacht.

Heesters has been accused several times of having performed in Germany during the Nazi era . In the 1990s it became known that Heesters - like 500 other actors - had been placed on the so-called God-gifted list by Joseph Goebbels in 1944 . Heesters got the addition "foreigner".

There are no known expressions of sympathy from him for the regime. He neither took on German citizenship , nor was he a member of the NSDAP . In 1938 he was a guest in the Netherlands in a theater group under the direction of the Jewish artist Fritz Hirsch, who fled from Hitler's Germany to the Netherlands . On the other hand, he did not explicitly distance himself from National Socialism and German politics. Heesters later stated that he wasn't interested in politics and tried to keep his family out and protect them.

Heesters in the post-war period

Johannes Heesters 1964

Heesters' films - in contrast to some films with Heinz Rühmann (such as Quax, der Bruchpilot ) - were not classified by the Allied Control Council as Nazi propaganda after the war ; they only served the Nazi regime to distract and calm the population. The operetta adaptation Die Fledermaus , produced by Terra Film in 1944, was completed by the editor Alice Ludwig after the Second World War . On August 16, 1946, the film was premiered in East Berlin as the first German-language production in the Soviet zone of occupation . The Terra-Film was not mentioned in the press booklet for the film. The apolitical film proved to be a great success and grossed 20 million marks in the period that followed. The Artkino company showed the film with considerable success in New York and other cities in the USA. In 1949 the film was also shown in cinemas in the French occupation zone .

Heesters was able to continue his career after the war and sang in Vienna, Munich and Berlin. The performance song of Count DaniloDa I ​​go to Maxim  - from the operetta The Merry Widow by Franz Lehár became an evergreen thanks to Heesters .

In 1953 Otto Preminger hired him for the film Die Jungfrau auf dem Dach nach Hollywood . During the 1960s and 1970s, he was featured in numerous television films, theater recordings, and television shows.

His memoirs appeared in 1978: It depends on the second .

Simone Rethel , second wife of Johannes Heesters

In 1992 Heesters married the actress Simone Rethel . From 1996 to the summer of 2001 he played alongside his wife in the play A blessed age written for him by Curth Flatow . In 1997, this even earned him a note in the Guinness Book of Records - as the world's oldest actor to star in a three-hour play over 250 times en suite . In 2005 Heesters went on tour with the German Film Orchestra Babelsberg and made guest appearances in seven major German cities. In addition, immediately before his 102nd birthday, he was a star guest at a celebration to mark the 140th anniversary of the State Theater on Gärtnerplatz in Munich.

In December 2006, Heesters made guest appearances as a soloist together with Katja Riemann in the concert program Stars go swing of the big band The Capital Dance Orchestra in several performances in the Admiralspalast Berlin.

Heesters received the Bambi a total of ten times . In 2001 he was honored with the Platinum Romy for his life's work. In 2004 he appeared in Cologne four times in the role of Lord in Jedermann von Hofmannsthal . At the 2004 anniversary gala of the Elbland Festival in Wittenberge , he was awarded the title Kammersänger by the Brandenburg Prime Minister Matthias Platzeck and Artistic Director Heiko Reissig . From August to October 2006 the first exhibition on Heesters took place in the Berlin Academy of the Arts , which he personally opened with a recital.

On New Years Day 2008, Heesters fell in his holiday home in Alpbach, Austria, and sustained serious injuries, from which he quickly recovered.

In mid-February 2008, Heesters performed again after more than 40 years in his home country, in his hometown Amersfoort. He was booed off the stage in Amsterdam in the 1960s, but has now received a standing ovation . In the same year Heesters took on a supporting role in the comedy 1 1/2 Knights - In Search of the Adorable Herzelinde by Til Schweiger . This was his first appearance in a movie since Otto - The 1985 film.

In December 2008, Heesters caused a stir with a statement. In an interview for the Dutch satire TV show The Jackals , the 104-year-old was asked the question “Was dat eigenlijk een aardige man? Adolf Hitler? "(German:" Was that actually a nice (good) guy? Adolf Hitler? "). Heesters replied “Adolf Hitler, yes God, I don't know the man much. A guy, you know, that was him. "When asked by the interviewer," Wat? Een ...? "(German:" What? A ...? ") Said Heesters" a good guy ". After protests by his wife, he restricted a "Well, he wasn't that [a good guy], but he was nice to me [...]". Heesters' wife immediately protested and later criticized that the answer had been "put in her husband's mouth". He initially stuck to his statement and apologized a few days later on the television show Wetten, dass ..? . The star pointed out that the very old Heesters had barely seen through the provocative satire game.

Legal dispute about appearance in the concentration camp

Allegation in 1976

In 1976, a Dutch journalist accused Heesters of having visited the Dachau concentration camp in 1941 and had a cheerful appearance in front of the SS . "Heesters singt für SS" was the headline of newspapers and showed a photo of the Dachau prisoner orchestra playing in front of Heesters. Concentration camp commandant Alexander Piorkowski had invited him. Heesters did not deny the visit, but he did deny having performed there. He emphasized that as a member of the Munich Gärtnerplatztheater he had been used for National Socialist propaganda and that he regretted the visit to the concentration camp. In 1978 he wrote in his autobiography: “The camp looked like a typical soldiers' camp to us, it looked like a labor service camp or a Hitler Youth camp that we knew from the magazines. We arrived, feigning interest, a soldier snapped us with his private box and we drove back home. In the evening, I think I had another performance. "

Action for injunctive relief and revocation

In 2006, Heester's wife Simone came across a photo album in the estate of the former Gärtnerplatz director Fritz Fischer with an appropriation by the camp commandant Alexander Piorkowski : "Dedicated to the dear artists who delighted us on May 21, 1941 with a happy and cheerful afternoon in KL Dachau". None of the completely preserved photos in the album show Heesters performing for the camp SS. A group picture shows some members of the Gärtnerplatz ensemble in costume, while Johannes Heesters in a trench coat. In August 2006, Heesters again denied in a talk show on television: “I swear it to my family - it is not true!” Albert Knoll, archivist at the Dachau Concentration Camp Memorial , explained that it was quite common to see celebrities after a tour to give the camp a photo album.

In February 2008, in an interview with a Dutch newspaper, the publicist Volker Kühn spoke about an appearance by Heesters in front of the SS guards at the Dachau concentration camp on May 21, 1941. Heesters brought an action for an injunction at the Berlin Regional Court . Kühn referred to the former prisoner Viktor Matejka , who in May 1990, interviewed by Kühn, said that he had "pulled the curtain" at Heesters' appearance. Jürgen Trimborn urged caution, since Matejka spoke of an appearance in the dark, but Heesters' visit to the camp took place in the afternoon. Heesters' lawyer Gunter Fette described the propaganda tours through the concentration camp in court: "You have to think of it as a kind of 'open house'."

The lawsuit was dismissed on December 16, 2008. The dedication of the photo album from May 21, 1941 was taken as a clue for a possible appearance. Heesters had not proven that the criticized statements by Kühn were untrue. Heesters appealed. In April 2010 the dispute ended with a settlement . After Kühn had declared that he would no longer call Heesters a liar in the future if he denied a performance in Dachau, both sides declared the legal dispute largely settled and Heesters assumed the costs.

Late 1990–2011

Johannes Heesters in March 2006 in Osnabrück

Heesters lived in the Upper Bavarian district of Starnberg until his death . Due to a macular degeneration and a glaucoma that occurred in 2007 , Heesters increasingly lost eyesight and became completely blind in 2009.

In 2003, at the age of 99, he was on the comedy stage at the Marquardt in Stuttgart from September to November . In June 2009, at the age of 105, he played the role of God in Jedermann at the Alten Schauspielhaus Stuttgart . The City of Vienna honored Heesters with a ceremony on his 106th birthday, and numerous celebrities attended the event in the stone hall of the town hall. On December 8, 2009, at a concert by the Robert Stolz Club in Vienna, he performed the song “I made some tender bonds” from Millöcker's operetta Der Bettelstudent and the operetta hit “I go to Maxim”. From July 28, 2010 (preview) and July 30, 2010 (premiere), Heesters was in Rolf Hochhuth's Inselkomödie for several performances on the stage of the Berlin Theater on Schiffbauerdamm . Heesters did not sing in the musical, but spoke two short monologues. Heesters wanted to play “a little passing role” in the piece, said the composer of the work, Florian Fries. In 2011 he also appeared in the short film "Ten" as Petrus .

Shortly before his 108th birthday on December 5, 2011, Heesters had to spend a few days in hospital because of a faint attack. A pacemaker was used for this. He wanted to be at least 110 years old, he announced afterwards. He spent his 108th birthday on December 5th at home with his family. On December 17th he was admitted to the intensive care unit of the Starnberg Clinic, where he died of a stroke on December 24th in the presence of his wife and daughter Wiesje. The funeral took place on December 30th at the Nordfriedhof in Munich . Before his death at the age of 108, Heesters was considered the second oldest man living in Germany. His extensive written estate is in the archive of the Academy of Arts in Berlin. At the end of 2019, his widow took his official homepage offline.

Filmography

movie theater

Television (selection)

  • 1956: my sister and me
  • 1959: Nocturno in the Grand Hotel
  • 1960: On the green beach of the Spree (TV series, part 5)
  • 1961: Today we're going to Maxim
  • 1962: Don't listen ladies!
  • 1962: A tender song
  • 1962: My brother Jacques
  • 1963: The professor and the fan club
  • 1963: a nice guy
  • 1963: It depends on the second
  • 1963: Let him be your master (comedy by George O'Brien)
  • 1963: I've gotten so used to you - A visit to Bully Buhlan (TV series, 1 episode)
  • 1963: The Merry Widow
  • 1965: Unfortunately, all lies
  • 1965: Viktoria and her hussar
  • 1965: Yes, we sincerely wish you all of this - and more!
  • 1966: Weddings in Paris
  • 1968: When the little violets bloom
  • 1968: Our dearest friend
  • 1970: The Commissioner (TV series, episode 17) - parking lot hyenas
  • 1971: Guest performances
  • 1973: Hello - Hotel Sacher ... porter! (TV series, episode 2)
  • 1973: Paganini
  • 1973: The world of Robert Stolz
  • 1973: A Woman Is a Woman (TV series)
  • 1974: Wedding night in paradise
  • 1975: Baby Hamilton or that happens in the best of families
  • 1979: Dreams cannot be forbidden
  • 1980: The old ones come
  • 1980: love does not go without pain
  • 1982: Sonny Boys (with Carl-Heinz Schroth )
  • 1985: I make some delicate bonds
  • 1984: The beautiful Wilhelmine (TV series, 3 episodes)
  • 1989–1993: Two Munich residents in Hamburg (TV series, 33 episodes)
  • 1991: Old heart becomes young again
  • 1993: Stories from home - sheet shot
  • 1993: Music is in the air
  • 1993: Two Munich residents in Hamburg (TV series)
  • 1995: Silent Love
  • 1995: Two Old Hands (TV series, 2 episodes)
  • 1995: Between day and night
  • 1995: Grandhotel (TV series Two Old Hands )
  • 1996: a blessed age
  • 1999: Theater: Momo
  • 2001: Otto - My East Frisia and more
  • 2002: Alphateam - The lifesavers in the operating room (TV series, episode 181)
  • 2003: In all friendship (TV series, 1 episode)
  • 2003: Back to Life (TV series In All Friendship )
  • 2008: Paths to Happiness (ZDF, episode 726)
  • 2011: Ten - Sin and you will be redeemed (short film)

Discography

Chart positions
Explanation of the data
Albums
Now I'm going to the Maxim
  DE 32 January 15, 1965 (2 weeks)
I will be 100 years old
  DE 19th 12/22/2003 (4 weeks)
  AT 70 12/21/2003 (1 week)
Singles
I'm 100 years old
  DE 89 December 21, 1998 (1 week)
  • 1930: Freuderl, I'm so good today / I invite you, Miss / My girl is only a saleswoman
  • 1936: I made some tender bonds / Take my heart in your hands
  • 1936: A woman like you / Heimatlied
  • 1937: I will dream of you every night / Once in love with my heart
  • 1937: You have never kissed me like this before / Take my heart in your hands
  • 1938: I've never been as in love as I am today / My heart is at your feet
  • 1939: Every woman has a sweet secret / My world, that's you
  • 1940: Lips are silent, violins whisper / I'll go to Maxim
  • 1941: Is it you, laughing luck? / One by one
  • 1941: One should be able to play the piano / darling, what will become of the two of us?
  • 1941: My ancestor was the Luxemburg / When do you say yes?
  • 1942: You make this world beautiful / carousel
  • 1949: I play with you (and you with me) / Lucky that one can fall in love like this
  • 1949: I would like to kiss you a thousand times / That seems Spanish to me
  • 1950: It depends on the second / All roads lead me to you
  • 19 ??: Longing for you / This is the night of our love
  • 1966: O, mooie molen / We are two good comrades
  • 1998: I will be 100 years old
  • 2006: Colorful tulips (with Hein Simons )
  • 2006: I thank God for all the beautiful years
  • 2007: Generations (with Claus Eisenmann )

Awards

  • 1999: Silver Leaf of the Dramatists Union
  • 2000: DIVA Award
  • 2001: Romy in platinum for his life's work
  • 2002: Golden camera for his life's work
  • 2003: Crown of Folk Music for his life's work
  • 2003: Bambi
  • 2004: Awarded the honorary title of chamber singer
  • 2005: Bull of the Hohensalzburg in gold for his life's work, warmth and humor
  • 2006: Honorary Prize of the Radio Regenbogen Award
  • 2007: Bambi
  • 2008: Bambi
  • 2008: Honorary member of the Europäische Kulturwerkstatt e. V. (EKW) Berlin-Vienna
  • 2009: Bambi
  • 2009: Golden Vienna badge
  • 2010: Bambi
  • 2011: Bambi

Johannes Heesters Archive

In June 2004 Heesters gave his extensive private archive as a premature legacy to the collections of the Berlin Academy of Arts . In addition to a few thousand photos, this includes around 100,000 private documents and official documents, which have since been gradually cataloged for electronic research.

literature

Web links

Commons : Johannes Heesters  - Collection of Images
 Wikinews: Johannes Heesters  - in the news

Individual evidence

  1. Legendary tenor: Johannes Heesters is dead. In: Spiegel.de. cbu / wit / dpa, December 24, 2011, accessed December 24, 2011 .
  2. ^ Golden Vienna badge for Johannes Heesters. On: Wien.gv.at.
  3. a b c d e f Christine Dössel: On the death of Johannes Heesters. In: Sueddeutsche.de. December 27, 2011, accessed November 6, 2012.
  4. Volker Schmidt: Obituary for Johannes Heesters. In: Zeit.de. December 24, 2011, accessed November 6, 2012.
  5. ^ Peter Czada, Günter Grosse: Comedian Harmonists. A vocal ensemble conquers the world . Edition Hentrich, Berlin 1993, ISBN 978-3-89468-082-4 , p. 15.
  6. ^ De Nederlandsche film te Wenen. Johan Heesters' succes . In: Het Vaderland , February 18, 1935, accessed May 16, 2011.
  7. movie Nieuws. Johan Heesters bij de Majestic . In: Het Vaderland , July 29, 1935, accessed May 16, 2011.
  8. biography. Johannes Heesters . At: WhosWho.de. Online lexicon.
  9. ^ De nieuwe UFA-productie . In: Het Vaderland , June 3, 1937, accessed May 16, 2011.
  10. Stadsnieuws . In: Dordrechtsche Courant , January 30, 1943; Retrieved May 17, 2011.
  11. Jürgen Trimborn: Johannes Heesters: The gentleman in tails. ( Memento of January 7, 2009 in the Internet Archive ).
  12. ^ Ernst Klee : The culture lexicon for the Third Reich. Who was what before and after 1945. S. Fischer, Frankfurt am Main 2007, ISBN 978-3-10-039326-5 , p. 227.
  13. Oliver Rathkolb: Loyal to the Führer and God-Grace. Artist elite in the Third Reich. Vienna 1991, p. 177.
  14. Booklet accompanying the DVD Die Fledermaus , Black Hill Pictures GmbH (Order No. 82876578559), 2003.
  15. Johannes Heesters. On the trail of a phenomenon. ( Memento of the original from December 4, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Exhibition. On: ADK.de. August 24, 2006. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / adk.de
  16. Fall on New Year's morning: Johannes Heesters is doing better. On: Spiegel.de. January 2, 2008.
  17. ^ Nazi era singer returns to stage. On: BBC.co.uk. February 17, 2008.
  18. Original interview : Johan Heesters - Jakhals Erik. ( Memento from July 15, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) At: DeWereldDraaitDoor.vara.nl.
  19. ^ Jarl van der Ploeg: Zomer-Tukker. In: de Volkskrant . January 4, 2013, accessed May 28, 2017 (Dutch).
  20. Excitement about the interview: Johannes Heesters: Hitler was "a good guy". In: Abendblatt.de. Hamburger Abendblatt , December 5, 2008, accessed on May 28, 2017.
  21. a b Court verdict: Historian may continue to speak of Heesters' SS appearance. On: Spiegel.de. December 16, 2008.
  22. Johannes Heesters: "Hitler was a good guy". Heesters fell for satire. At: Stern.de. December 4, 2008.
  23. ^ A b Johannes Heesters: A visit to a concentration camp without singing? On: Spiegel.de. August 22, 2006.
  24. Heesters, Dachau and a photo album. ( Memento of the original from January 11, 2012 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. At: monstersandcritics.de. October 22, 2008. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.monstersandcritics.de
  25. Johannes Heesters and Simone Rethel-Heesters. ( Memento of September 28, 2007 in the Internet Archive ) Retrieved December 24, 2011.
  26. a b c Johannes Heesters. The singer just wants to have talked. ( Memento of the original from December 20, 2008 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. At: Sueddeutsche.de. November 27, 2008. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.sueddeutsche.de
  27. Agency report: Expert sees no evidence of Heester's appearance in Dachau concentration camp. Reproduced on the website of ConBrio Verlagsgesellschaft mbH from October 24, 2008.
  28. ^ Regional court: Johannes Heesters loses trial for statements about appearance in the Dachau concentration camp. Press release No. 52/2008 of December 16, 2008.
  29. ^ Superior court: Johannes Heesters' Dachau litigation ended by settlement. Press release no. PM 22/2010 of April 22, 2010.
  30. ^ Dispute over Heesters' visit to the concentration camp: Jopie comes to an agreement with historian. On: Spiegel.de. April 22, 2010.
  31. On the death of Johannes Heesters. Don't live in the past. On: Focus.de. December 24, 2011, accessed December 26, 2011.
  32. Heesters - a musical homage.
  33. ^ Golden plaque for Johannes Heesters. On: ORF.at. December 5, 2009.
  34. Johannes Heesters - "I made some delicate bonds." At: Youtube.com. December 8, 2009.
  35. ^ Johannes Heesters in Vienna. December 8, 2009. At: Youtube.com. Retrieved January 23, 2010.
  36. Wolfgang Behrens: Aesthetic Inferno for World Peace. Criticism and press review on: Nachtkritik.de.
  37. Back on stage at 106. ( Memento of the original from December 13, 2010 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. On: news.de. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.news.de
  38. Heesters plays Petrus: "I have probably never been so close to heaven". On: t-online.de. July 6, 2011.
  39. Jopie Heesters is dead - big funeral service in Munich. On: Merkur-Online.de. December 25, 2011, accessed December 27, 2011.
  40. The grave of Johannes Heesters. At: knerger.de.
  41. Film archive: Johannes Heesters archive. Inventory overview on the website of the Academy of the Arts in Berlin.
  42. a b Chart sources: DE AT
  43. See Johannes Heesters Archive in the Academy of Arts. Retrieved July 21, 2010.