Charlemagne Prize

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
The Aachen City Hall , where the Charlemagne Prize was awarded, in May 2007
Lord Mayor Linden at the 2000 awards ceremony with Bill Clinton . In the background other award winners, including Juan Carlos I , Václav Havel and Simone Veil

The Charlemagne Prize , in full form since 1988, the International Charlemagne Prize in Aachen , has been awarded annually in Aachen since 1950 to public figures who have made outstanding contributions to Europe and European unification .

The prize is named after Charlemagne , who was praised as " Father of Europe " ( Pater Europae ) during his lifetime and is still considered to be a person who has shaped the collective European historical consciousness. At the end of the eighth century he founded the Aachener Königspfalz and made Aachen the political, spiritual and cultural center of his empire , which extended over large parts of Europe. According to the initiator Kurt Pfeiffer, the choice of name was intended to build a bridge from the past to the future.

The prize consists of a certificate signed by the members of the Charlemagne Prize Board and a medal. The front of the medal shows the image of Charlemagne on his throne with the inscription Carolus Magnus Romanorum Imperator Augustus ( Latin for "Charlemagne, exalted Emperor of the Romans") - a representation of the oldest surviving Aachen city ​​seal from the early 12th century . On the back is the name of the winner and a text dedicated to him. Until 2007, the prize was also provided with a monetary amount of 5000 euros. Since 2008 this prize money has benefited the Charlemagne Prize for Young People.

history

The idea of ​​the Charlemagne Prize goes back to the Aachen businessman Kurt Pfeiffer , who presented it on December 19, 1949 in a lecture at the Corona Legentium Aquensis , a reading and discussion group in Aachen. In a short time, Pfeiffer gathered important Aachen personalities for the proclamation of the Charlemagne Prize of the city of Aachen . In addition to Pfeiffer, it was signed by Mayor Albert Maas , City Director Albert Servais and Mayor Ludwig Kuhnen , Bishop Johannes Joseph van der Velden , RWTH Rector Wilhelm Müller and university professors Peter Mennicken and Franz Krauss , President of the German-Belgian-Luxembourg Chamber of Commerce in Cologne and later Lord Mayor of the city of Aachen Hermann Heusch as well as other representatives of the economy, such as the Dutch director of the Philips works Carel Nieuwenhuijsen, the Luxembourg general director of the United Glass Works Jean Louis Schrader and the cloth manufacturer Erasmus Schlapp.

On March 14, 1950, the Society for the award of the International Charlemagne Prize of the City of Aachen ( Charlemagne Prize Society ) was founded. The twelve signatories of the proclamation formed the first Charlemagne Prize Board . They declared that from now on the prize will be awarded annually to “personalities who have promoted the idea of ​​Western unification in political, economic and spiritual terms”. The Charlemagne Prize Society has been in the legal form of a registered association since 1987 and bears the name Society for the Award of the International Charlemagne Prize in Aachen e. V. The International Charlemagne Prize Foundation in Aachen has also existed since 1997 , which is intended to promote the idea of ​​European unification as well as ideally and materially support the Charlemagne Prize.

Award mode

The selection of the winner is made by the board of directors of the Charlemagne Society. Members by virtue of office are the Lord Mayor of Aachen , the Provost of Aachen and the Rector of RWTH Aachen University . Other members include representatives of the Council of Aachen the city represented groups , the Board named personalities as well as elected members and representatives of the Foundation. Proposals for the award winners are made not only from the board of directors and the foundation, but also from persons and institutions outside these bodies. External suggestions are treated the same as internal suggestions. The board of directors does not meet publicly. Only the decision is communicated, the discussions in the board of directors are not public and confidential.

The award ceremony traditionally takes place on the holiday of Ascension Day in the coronation hall of the city hall of Aachen . Certificate and medal are presented in a solemn ceremony. Further elements of this ceremony are the laudation, the speech of the prize winner, the performance of the hymn Urbs Aquensis and the European anthem . The ceremony will be broadcast live on WDR television . On the day of the award there will also be a citizens' festival at the Aachen Katschhof . On the day before the award ceremony, a conference on current European issues has also been held for a number of years: The award winner visits RWTH Aachen University and gives a speech there. This is followed by a festive dinner with invited guests. The award ceremony is embedded in an extensive, multi-week supporting program with lectures, discussions and cultural contributions that address the current situation in Europe, the respective award winners and their country of origin.

In 2010, on the initiative of the former councilor and mayor Meike Thüllen ( FDP ), a citizens ' forum campaigned that the files kept under lock and key about the selection of candidates and the decision on the award of the Aachen Charlemagne Prize, which are older than 30 years, to be made available to the public in order to enable their scientific evaluation. In the edition of the Aachener Nachrichten and Aachener Zeitung of April 29, 2013, the spokesman for the board of directors, Jürgen Linden , is quoted as saying that the board of directors will decide on requests for inspection on a case-by-case basis.

Bodies

Charlemagne Prize Society

The "Society for the Award of the International Charlemagne Prize of the City of Aachen" (Charlemagne Prize Society) was founded in 1950. According to the statutes, your task is all tasks associated with the award of the Charlemagne Prize. The Charlemagne Prize Society has been entered in the register of associations since 1987 with the current name “Society for the award of the International Charlemagne Prize in Aachen e. V. ".

Directory

The board of directors of this society selects the annual Charlemagne Prize winner. The meetings of the committee are not public. It currently consists of 17 members:

Born members are:

Elected members are:

Members appointed by the political groups represented in the City Council are:

Members appointed by the Board of Directors are:

Members sent by the International Charlemagne Prize Foundation in Aachen are:

Former Chair of the Board of Directors

The previous speakers (chairs) of the Charlemagne Prize Board are:

Foundation, endowment

The International Charlemagne Prize Foundation in Aachen was established in December 1997 as a non-profit foundation under private law. Its aim is to promote the Charlemagne Prize in ideas and material. The tasks of the Charlemagne Prize Foundation are to organize a supporting program lasting several weeks in the run-up to the respective Charlemagne Prize awards, the implementation of the Charlemagne Prize Europe forum and the safeguarding and evaluation of the documents of the Charlemagne Prize awards in a separate archive. Further events, exhibitions and encounters to promote the Charlemagne Prize and the idea of ​​Europe are also promoted and organized.

Patrons

The following personalities have taken over the patronage of the foundation:

Charlemagne Youth Prize

Since 2008, the Charlemagne Prize Foundation, together with the European Parliament , has also awarded the European Charlemagne Prize for Youth, which recognizes the European commitment of young people and young adults and recognizes exemplary youth projects. The award of the Charlemagne Youth Prize takes place in the same week as the Charlemagne Prize ceremony. All winners of the national competitions are invited to Aachen. The competitions and award winners since 2008 are documented on the website of the Charlemagne Youth Prize. In 2013 the Spanish project Europe on Track received an award: Students ask young people about their hopes and expectations regarding Europe.

Eurolog

Since 2013 in the official program of the Charlemagne Prize of the city is Ubach-Palenberg in Castle Zweibrüggen the "Eurolog" organized as Europe conversation with EU citizens, EU politicians and Eurocrats annually.

Criticism and protests

Basically, the appeal to the namesake Karl the Great is criticized, who in retrospect also received the nickname "Saxon butcher". This designation has significant reference to the Verden Blood Court , an alleged massacre of 4,500 pagan Saxons during the Saxon Wars , which was and is assessed very differently in research. The term was also used at the beginning of the 20th century by representatives of the nationalist movement to represent the pagan Saxons as the last bastion of the Germanic resistance against submission to the “ Welsche ” Christianity represented by Karl .

When choosing a name, the founders of the Charlemagne Prize referred to the cultural significance of Charlemagne, which ended the cultural decline during the turmoil of the Great Migration and vice versa. Charlemagne continues to have an impact here today by bringing about a cultural reshaping of his sphere of influence on the basis of the Latin language and written culture, ancient tradition and Christianity, which initiated the development of Europe into a comparatively uniform cultural area despite all regional differences which has endured to this day and distinguishes Europe from other parts of the world.

With reference to a report by the US news officer Saul Kussiel Padover , both an American and a British press release reported the idea of ​​the Charlemagne Prize because of Pfeiffer's membership in the NSDAP and five other NS organizations as well as the members of the first Charlemagne Prize Board, who were also Nazi-charged, City director and mayor Albert Servais and university professor Peter Mennicken, questioned and interpreted this award as an alleged and inappropriate “mystification” of Charlemagne, his politics and his empire. Both documents go back to the same source, British EU critic Rodney Atkinson , who also runs the Free Nations website .

The biographies of the founders of the Charlemagne Prize speak against the theories set out in these documents. Some of them were declared opponents of the National Socialists, many had problems and conflicts with the rulers of the time during the National Socialist rule, were persecuted and even imprisoned.

There has been repeated criticism of the Board's awarding practice: Conservative politicians are given much more consideration. For the majority of the jury at the time, the name of the Social Democratic Chancellor and Nobel Peace Prize laureate Willy Brandt was a “red rag” and was non-negotiable. It is also noteworthy that Brandt's successor in office, Helmut Schmidt , who died in 2015, was passed over as the prize winner. In contrast, with the exception of the briefly ruling Chancellors Ludwig Erhard and Kurt Georg Kiesinger  , all Christian Democratic Chancellors received the Charlemagne Prize (including the incumbent Chancellor Merkel ).

The award winners Tony Blair (1999), Bill Clinton (2000) and Javier Solana (2007) were accused of being the main responsible for the air strikes against Yugoslavia.

The awards were often accompanied by demonstrations. On criticism - u. a. from left groups - the selection of the award winners, as well as the institution Charlemagne itself come up again and again. Among the selected were the former NSDAP member Federal President Karl Carstens in 1984 and the former US Secretary of State Henry Kissinger in 1987 , during his term of office both the expansion of the Vietnam War as well as the US intelligence-supported coup against the government of Chile under Salvador Allende were carried out. In protest against the awarding of the prize to Kissinger, the city councils of the SPD and the Greens resigned from the board of directors of the Charlemagne Prize.

Since 1990 representatives of both factions have been represented in the Charlemagne Prize Board, after the name was changed to the International Charlemagne Prize in Aachen and the founding proclamation was supplemented by a joint declaration by the Council of the City of Aachen and the Charlemagne Prize Society. The change in the political situation in Europe since 1989, the role of Europe in the North-South conflict and the issue of environmental protection were included in this declaration.

The award to Jean-Claude Juncker (2006) in the context of the Luxembourg leaks and his long-time protégé Martin Schulz (2015) in the course of their appraisal in the EU Parliament was particularly intensely criticized whether the discrepancy between the Charlemagne Prize and its claim to honor deserving Europeans .

In 2012 the award to Wolfgang Schäuble met with incomprehension; he had "won" the Big Brother Award in 2009 and has been criticized for his militarist policies - in previous years (1999, 2000, 2004, 2007, 2009) the board of directors of the Charlemagne Prize Society had repeatedly referred to peace in the medal inscription .

In March 2018, there was criticism of the award of the Charlemagne Prize 2018 to the French President Emmanuel Macron . France is by far the largest shareholder in the operating company Engie Electrabel and has a stake in the Tihange and Doel nuclear power plants in Belgium .

List of award winners

The history of the Charlemagne Prize reflects the history of the European unification process since the end of the Second World War . The first winners were the “most famous names of political post-war Europe”, the founding fathers of the European Coal and Steel Community , followed by the hopes of the expansion to the south and north, those responsible for the European democratic institutions, the actors of the turnaround in the east Europe and the reunification of East and West and a source of inspiration on a cultural and social level. Although the original proclamation provided for an annual award, there have been ten years in which no award has taken place.

year Award winners Medal inscription Remarks image
1950 Richard Nikolaus Count of Coudenhove-Kalergi In recognition of his life's work for a united Europe Count Coudenhove-Kalergi around 1926
1951 Hendrik Brugmans The courageous pioneer of a united Europe Hendrik Brugmans 1967
1952 Alcide De Gasperi To the statesman and European Alcide de Gasperi Alcide de Gaspari
1953 Jean Monnet The creator of the first sovereign supranational European institution Jean Monnet on a West German postage stamp, 1977
1954 Konrad Adenauer The powerful promoter of a united Europe Konrad Adenauer 1952
1955 Winston Churchill Guardian of human freedom - admonisher to European youth Churchill was the 1955 laureate, but was not able to accept it until 1956 Winston Churchill, 1944
1957 Paul-Henri Spaak Merit for Europe's unification and security Awarded to Paul-Henri Spaak, 1957
1958 Robert Schuman For the unity of Europe Robert Schumann, 1949
1959 George C. Marshall For merit in the reconstruction and unification of Europe George C. Marshall, 1946
1960 Joseph Bech For services to Europe Joseph Bech, 1967
1961 Walter Hallstein New Europe of voluntary commitment Walter Hallstein, 1957
1963 Edward Heath Position and stability in the European future Edward Heath
1964 Antonio Segni For the unity and freedom of Europe Antonio Segni
1966 Jens Otto Krag For the unity of Europe Jens Otto Krag
1967 Joseph Luns Commitment to Europe Joseph Antoine Marie Hubert Luns
1969 Commission of the European Communities Communities in recognition of their great contributions to European unification European flag
1970 François Seydoux de Clausonne Freedom through unity
1972 Roy Jenkins Commitment to Europe Roy Jenkins, 1977
1973 Salvador de Madariaga A life for Europe - freedom, ethics, courage Salvador de Madariaga y Rojo
1976 Leo Tindemans Western clarity and responsibility Leo Tindemans, 2006
1977 Walter Scheel For Europe and world peace Walter Scheel
1978 Konstantinos Karamanlis Freedom and welfare in close connection Konstantinos Karamanlis
1979 Emilio Colombo One life for Europe Emilio Colombo
1981 Simone Veil For a democratic Europe Simone Veil
1982 King Juan Carlos I of Spain For unity and human dignity King Juan Carlos I of Spain
1984 Karl Carstens Space of Justice and Peace Karl Carstens, 1973
1986 The people of Luxembourg Example and perseverance on the way to European unity Luxembourg flag
1987 Henry Kissinger For partnership and peace "Henry Kissinger's name is the symbol of the politics of détente, peace, disarmament and partnership." (From the speech of the Mayor of Aachen at the time, Kurt Malangré at the award ceremony) The award led to protests in public and in the board of directors. According to councilors Bernhard Schlag (Greens) and Peter Schmidt (SPD), the laureate had the idea of ​​a nuclear war limited to Europe as early as 1957 and thus discredited himself. Henry Kissinger, 2008
1988 François Mitterrand and Helmut Kohl For French-German friendship and Europe's future François Mitterrand and Helmut Kohl, 1987
1989 Brother Roger Parable of the community Brother Roger 2003
1990 Gyula Horn All of Europe - From division to unity Gyula Horn at the award ceremony
1991 Vaclav Havel Symbol of understanding in Europe Vaclav Havel
1992 Jacques Delors Builder of the European single market Jacques Delors
1993 Felipe González Champion for freedom and democracy in Europe Felipe González
1994 Gro Harlem Brundtland Europe's responsibility for the world Gro Harlem Brundtland (2007)
1995 Franz Vranitzky Europe is gaining new strength Franz Vranitzky
1996 Queen Beatrix of the Netherlands Good neighborhood in Europe Beatrix of the Netherlands
1997 Roman Duke Our vision is Europe Roman Duke
1998 Bronislaw Geremek Freedom and Democracy in Europe Bronislaw Geremek
1999 Tony Blair Peace and growing together in Europe Blair was honored for his decisive action in the Kosovo crisis in 1999, in which he convinced US President Clinton of a clear NATO stance towards Slobodan Milošević and laid down the basic principles of a new doctrine for the international community. Tony Blair
2000 Bill Clinton Partnership for freedom, democracy and peace The Mayor of Aachen, Linden, with the Charlemagne Prize winner Clinton
2001 György Konrád Bridge builders for justice and reconciliation in Europe György Konrád
2002 The euro Identification with Europe In 2002, the euro, the currency of the European Monetary Union, was awarded the International Charlemagne Prize in Aachen, because “like no other step in integration it promotes identification with Europe and thus makes a decisive, epoch-making contribution to the growing together of the family of nations”. The award was accepted by Wim Duisenberg , then President of the European Central Bank . Euro sign
2003 Valery Giscard d'Estaing Constitution for a United Europe Giscard d'Estaing received the award for his contribution to the drafting of a European constitution , which he helped to draft as President of the European Convention . Valéry Giscard d'Estaing, 1978
2004 John Paul II Extraordinary Charlemagne Prize Aachen. Pope John Paul II Europe of Peace On March 24, 2004, the Extraordinary International Charlemagne Prize in Aachen was awarded to Pope John Paul II in recognition of his work for the unity of Europe, the preservation of its values ​​and the message of peace. John Paul II
2004 Pat Cox Enlargement and democratization of the European Union On May 20, 2004 he was awarded the Charlemagne Prize in Aachen. The Charlemagne Prize Board of Directors honors his services to the EU expansion and democratization of the European Union. Pat Cox (recording from 2009)
2005 Carlo Azeglio Ciampi Europe of values The Italian President is honored for his services to Europe. Ciampi received the award on May 5th in the coronation hall of Aachen city hall. Carlo Azeglio Ciampi
2006 Jean-Claude Juncker Motor for Europe With credibility, competence and passion, he was the engine and pioneer of the integration process, the Charlemagne Board of Directors justified the choice. Jean-Claude Juncker gave a speech in Aachen the day before the award ceremony
2007 Javier Solana Peace in Europe - Peace in the World On May 17, 2007, Solana received the Charlemagne Prize for “outstanding commitment to a substantial contribution from Europe to a safer and more just world”. Jean-Claude Trichet and Javier Solana (right)
2008 Angela Merkel Europe succeeds together "In recognition of her outstanding contribution to overcoming the EU crisis and in recognition of groundbreaking decisions on the progress of the European unification process [...] herewith honors a convinced European for her groundbreaking contribution to the European Basic Treaty, her integrating and human, at the same time decisive and goal-oriented conduct of negotiations for their wise diplomacy and their committed approach to deepening European integration. ” Nicolas Sarkozy , President of France, gave the laudation. He praised the relationship between the French and Germany and Europe. Lord Mayor Linden (right) with Angela Merkel
2009 Andrea Riccardi Peace, Solidarity and Human Dignity Founder of the Community of Sant'Egidio . In addition to the numerous merits, the board of directors for the Charlemagne Prize particularly honored the "outstanding example of civil society engagement for a humane and - within and outside its borders - solidarity Europe, for understanding between peoples, cultures and religions and for a more peaceful and just world." Andrea Riccardi one day before the award ceremony
2010 Donald Tusk Understanding, partnership, solidarity "In recognition of an impressive biography in the service of freedom and democracy and in recognition of his special services to the understanding and cooperation between the Republic of Poland and its European partners, the Board of Directors [...] honors [...] Donald Tusk, a Polish patriot and great European, who three decades ago laid the foundation stone for the reunification of Europe together with numerous members of the Solidarność movement and today stands in a special way for a democratic and cosmopolitan Poland among the European family of nations. " Donald Tusk
2011 Jean-Claude Trichet Stability and confidence for Europe "In recognition of his outstanding services to the cohesion of the monetary union and the maintenance of the competitiveness of the European internal market as the cornerstone of our prosperity and social security." Jean-Claude Trichet
2012 Wolfgang Schäuble For the unity of Europe For his "outstanding services in overcoming the division of Germany and Europe and his role as a source of ideas and an important actor in almost all integration progress in the past three decades and in recognition of his significant contributions to the stabilization of the monetary union and the deepening of the unification process". Wolfgang Schäuble
2013 Dalia Grybauskaitė Departure in northeast Europe For "[...] one of the outstanding personalities of the Baltic region in recognition of their significant contribution to deeper integration of the European Union and overcoming the current crisis." Dalia Grybauskaitė
2014 Herman Van Rompuy Integrative power for Europe “In recognition of his significant services as a mediator and consensus-builder and at the same time as an important driver of European unification. […] Pragmatic and strong in action, with great integrity and power of integration, by filling this newly created office (meaning President of the European Council), he makes a significant contribution to the consolidation and further development of the United Europe. " Herman Van Rompuy (2012)
2015 Martin Schulz Strengthening Europe's citizens "In recognition of his significant contribution to strengthening parliamentarism and democratic legitimation in the European Union and in recognition of his role as an important thought leader in the EU." Martin Schulz (2014)
2016 Pope Francis Europe - a society of values For the "[...] outstanding messages and signs that his pontificate sets for peace and understanding, for mercy, tolerance, solidarity and the preservation of creation [...]" Pope Francis (2015)
2017 Timothy Garton Ash Europe needs freedom, courage and tolerance "In recognition of his outstanding scientific and journalistic work [...]" Timothy Garton Ash (2019)
2018 Emmanuel Macron Re-establishment of the European project "[...] for his vision of a new Europe and the re-establishment of the European project, of a new European sovereignty and close, newly structured cooperation between peoples and nations [...]" Emmanuel Macron (2017)
2019 Antonio Guterres For peaceful cooperation between peoples "[...] in recognition of his commitment to revitalizing and consolidating multilateral cooperation based on the values ​​and goals of the European Union and the United Nations [...]" António Guterres (2018)
2020 Klaus Johannis Klaus Iohannis (2015)

Extraordinary award winner

On March 24, 2004, for the only time so far, an extraordinary Charlemagne Prize was awarded to Pope John Paul II (see above ).

literature

  • Harald Kästner (ed.): The Charlemagne Prize winners and their European speeches. Europa-Union-Verlag, Bonn 1983, ISBN 3-7713-0171-8 .
  • Sabine Schulz: The Aachen Charlemagne Prize. Meyer and Meyer, Aachen 1988, ISBN 3-89124-060-0 .
  • Helmut Reuther (Ed.): The international Charlemagne Prize in Aachen. Testimony to European history. Symbol of European unification (= library of the Börsenverein des Deutschen Buchhandels ). Transcontact Verlagsgesellschaft, Bonn 1993, DNB 1045452599 .
  • Heinz Kundolf: The commemorative medals for the International Charlemagne Prize in Aachen , annual gift from the Aachener Münzfreunde. Aachener Münzfreunde, Aachen 1996, DNB 1064111076 .
  • Franco Bettin, Anke Büttner (ed.): 50 years of the international Charlemagne Prize in Aachen, the award for services to European unification; History of the Aachen Citizens' Prize , International Charlemagne Prize Foundation in Aachen, Aachen 2000, DNB 988197448 .
  • Olaf Müller , Bernd Vincken (Eds.): Deepening integration - using Europe's strengths. Awarding of the International Charlemagne Prize in Aachen 2010 to Donald Tusk. Einhard, Aachen 2010, ISBN 978-3-936342-82-6 (partly German and partly English).

See also

Web links

Commons : Charlemagne Prize  - album with pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Charlemagne and the International Charlemagne Prize. International Charlemagne Prize Foundation, accessed on February 9, 2016 .
  2. ^ Foundation of the International Charlemagne Prize in Aachen (ed.): Lecture by Kurt Pfeiffer .
  3. ^ International Charlemagne Prize in Aachen 2013
  4. ↑ Charlemagne Prize Framework Program ( Memento of the original from June 1, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.aachen.de
  5. ↑ Meike Thüllen makes steam in the case of Charlemagne Prize files  ( page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , In: Aachener Nachrichten of May 26, 2010.@1@ 2Template: Toter Link / www.aachener-nachrichten.de  
  6. ^ Society / Board of Directors , accessed on December 27, 2015
  7. ^ Members of the Charlemagne Prize Board , accessed on December 27, 2015
  8. ^ The previous speakers of the Charlemagne Prize Board , accessed on December 27, 2015
  9. ^ The Charlemagne Prize Foundation , accessed on December 27, 2015
  10. ↑ The Patrons , accessed on May 24, 2017
  11. ↑ Youth projects: Apply now for the European Charlemagne Youth Prize. European Parliament website, November 17, 2008.
  12. ↑ The European Charlemagne Prize for Youth. Former awardees. (No longer available online.) Archived from the original on May 18, 2015 ; Retrieved April 29, 2015 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.charlemagneyouthprize.eu
  13. ↑ Rodney Atkinson: Responses: The Totalitarian Founders of the EU  ( page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. In: Chronicles, A Magazine of American Culture , March 18, 2008.@1@ 2Template: Dead Link / www.chroniclesmagazine.org  
  14. ^ Blair's Charlemagne Prize created by Nazis. In: Freenations. December 11, 2003, archived from the original on February 15, 2004 ; accessed on May 16, 2015 .
  15. ↑ December 25th, 2009 - 60 years ago: International Charlemagne Prize in Aachen donated. Saving Western Culture. In: WDR.de, September 25, 2009.
  16. ↑ a b Charlemagne Prize: Crown and Honor . In: Der Spiegel . No.  13 , 1987, pp. 125-127 (on- line ).
  17. ^ Declaration by the Council of the City of Aachen and the Society for the Awarding of the International Charlemagne Prize in Aachen e. V. in 1990. In: karlspreis.de , November 14, 1990.
  18. ↑ Süddeutsche de GmbH, Munich Germany: Luxembourg Leaks - How the Luxembourg tax haven helps corporations to save taxes. Retrieved January 22, 2019 .
  19. ↑ FOCUS Online: The hypocritical: Ex-employee reveals why Schulz is not "Saint Martin". Retrieved January 22, 2019 .
  20. ↑ Till Schwarze: Luxemburg Leaks: Juncker has to fight his own politics . In: The time . November 12, 2014, ISSN  0044-2070 ( zeit.de [accessed January 22, 2019]).
  21. ^ Markus Becker: "Luxemburg Leaks": Revelers in the dock . In: Spiegel Online . April 26, 2016 ( spiegel.de [accessed January 22, 2019]).
  22. ↑ Schulz, Juncker and Luxleaks: Bodyguard in Brussels. Retrieved January 22, 2019 .
  23. ↑ Marcus Theurer, London: Tax Avoidance: Mc Donald's says no to paying taxes . ISSN  0174-4909 ( faz.net [accessed January 22, 2019]).
  24. ↑ Life's work: Wolfgang Schäuble | BigBrotherAwards. Retrieved January 22, 2019 .
  25. ^ Counter-terrorism: All against Schäuble - Rüffel von Köhler . In: Spiegel Online . July 15, 2007 ( spiegel.de [accessed January 22, 2019]).
  26. ↑ Interview by Robert Roßmann: "Schäuble is obsessed" . In: sueddeutsche.de . 2010, ISSN  0174-4917 ( sueddeutsche.de [accessed on January 22, 2019]).
  27. ↑ Madeleine Gullert: Criticism of Emmanuel Macron because of Tihange shares . In: Aachener Nachrichten of March 17, 2018.
  28. ^ So Paul Henri Spaak , winner of the Charlemagne Prize in 1957, in his acceptance speech in 1957 .
  29. ↑ The European Political Effect of the Charlemagne Prize ( Memento of the original from September 12, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.karlspreis.de
  30. ^ The Charlemagne Prize winner 1987 Henry A. Kissinger. Speech by the Lord Mayor of Aachen, Kurt Malangré . In: The international Charlemagne Prize in Aachen. December 2007, accessed May 7, 2016 .
  31. ^ The 2007 Charlemagne Prize winner Javier Solana Madariaga. In: The international Charlemagne Prize in Aachen. May 17, 2007, accessed May 7, 2016 .
  32. ↑ Charlemagne Prize Winners 2007 - Explanation of the Board of Directors. In: The international Charlemagne Prize in Aachen. December 2006, accessed May 7, 2016 .
  33. ^ The 2008 Charlemagne Prize winner Angela Merkel. In: The international Charlemagne Prize in Aachen. May 1, 2008, accessed May 7, 2016 .
  34. ^ Charlemagne Prize Winners 2008 - Explanation of the Board of Directors. In: The international Charlemagne Prize in Aachen. December 2007, accessed May 7, 2016 .
  35. ^ Laudation from the President of the French Republic, Nicolas Sarkozy. In: The international Charlemagne Prize in Aachen. May 1, 2008, accessed May 7, 2016 .
  36. ↑ Video of the speech of the President of the French Republic Nicolas Sarkozy. ( FLV ; 202 MB) In: Élysée - Présidence de la Republique . May 1, 2008, archived from the original on March 17, 2013 ; Retrieved December 13, 2014 (French).
  37. ^ The Charlemagne Prize winner 2009 Andrea Riccardi. In: The international Charlemagne Prize in Aachen. May 21, 2009, accessed May 7, 2016 .
  38. ↑ Charlemagne Prize Winners 2009 - Explanation of the Board of Directors. In: The international Charlemagne Prize in Aachen. March 5, 2009, accessed May 7, 2016 .
  39. ^ The Charlemagne Prize winner 2010 Donald Tusk. In: The international Charlemagne Prize in Aachen. May 13, 2010, accessed May 7, 2016 .
  40. ^ Charlemagne Prize Winners 2010 - Explanation of the Board of Directors. In: The international Charlemagne Prize in Aachen. January 16, 2010, accessed May 7, 2016 .
  41. ^ The Charlemagne Prize winner 2011 Jean-Claude Trichet. In: The international Charlemagne Prize in Aachen. June 2, 2011, accessed May 7, 2016 .
  42. ↑ Aachen Charlemagne Prize 2011 goes to Trichet. In: Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung . December 4, 2010, accessed May 7, 2016 .
  43. ^ Charlemagne Prize Winners 2011 - Explanation of the Board of Directors. In: The international Charlemagne Prize in Aachen. December 4, 2010, accessed May 7, 2016 .
  44. ^ The Charlemagne Prize winner 2012 Wolfgang Schäuble. In: The international Charlemagne Prize in Aachen. May 17, 2012, accessed May 7, 2016 .
  45. ↑ Charlemagne Prize Winners 2012 - Explanation of the Board of Directors. In: The international Charlemagne Prize in Aachen. December 10, 2011, accessed May 7, 2016 .
  46. ^ The Charlemagne Prize winner 2013 Dalia Grybauskaitė. In: The international Charlemagne Prize in Aachen. May 9, 2013, accessed May 7, 2016 .
  47. ^ Charlemagne Prize Winners 2013 - Explanation of the Board of Directors. In: The international Charlemagne Prize in Aachen. December 8, 2012, accessed May 7, 2016 .
  48. ^ The Charlemagne Prize winner 2014 Herman Van Rompuy. In: The international Charlemagne Prize in Aachen. May 29, 2014, archived from the original on December 13, 2014 ; Retrieved May 7, 2016 .
  49. ↑ Charlemagne Prize Winners 2014 - Explanation of the Board of Directors. In: The international Charlemagne Prize in Aachen. December 7, 2013, accessed May 7, 2016 .
  50. ^ The 2015 Charlemagne Prize laureate Martin Schulz. In: The international Charlemagne Prize in Aachen. May 14, 2015, accessed October 18, 2016 .
  51. ↑ Charlemagne Prize Winners 2015 - Explanation of the Board of Directors. In: The international Charlemagne Prize in Aachen. December 13, 2014, accessed May 7, 2016 .
  52. ^ The Charlemagne Prize Winner 2016 His Holiness Pope Francis. In: The international Charlemagne Prize in Aachen. May 6, 2016. Retrieved May 26, 2017 .
  53. ^ Charlemagne Prize Winners 2016 - Explanation of the Board of Directors. In: The international Charlemagne Prize in Aachen. May 6, 2016. Retrieved October 18, 2016 .
  54. ↑ The 2017 Charlemagne Prize winner Timothy Garton Ash. In: The international Charlemagne Prize in Aachen. January 22, 2017. Retrieved January 22, 2017 .
  55. ↑ Charlemagne Prize Winners 2017 - Explanation of the Board of Directors. In: The international Charlemagne Prize in Aachen. January 22, 2017. Retrieved January 22, 2017 .
  56. ^ Charlemagne Prize 2018 - Explanation of the Board of Directors. In: The international Charlemagne Prize in Aachen. May 10, 2018, accessed May 10, 2018 .
  57. ↑ a b Charlemagne Prize 2019 - Explanation of the Board of Directors. In: The international Charlemagne Prize in Aachen. January 29, 2019, accessed January 31, 2019 .