Landhausen (Hemer)

Landhausen City of Hemer Coordinates: 51 ° 24 ′ 4 " N , 7 ° 44 ′ 14" E
Height :	240–260 m above sea level NN
Incorporation :	August 1, 1929
Postal code :	58675
Area code :	02372
Location of Landhausen in North Rhine-Westphalia
	Landhausen Cross Church

Landhausen is a district of Hemer in the Sauerland , North Rhine-Westphalia .

Landhausen, formerly also Lantensele or Lantensile , was first mentioned in a document in a register of the Werden monastery in the 11th century . Landhausen belonged as an independent municipality from 1841 to 1929 to the office of Hemer in what was then the district of Iserlohn . Subsequently, on August 1, 1929, Hemer, Sundwig , Westig , Landhausen and parts of the municipality of Calle formed the new municipality of Hemer. This was granted city rights on January 30, 1936 . The Abbabach flows through the village .

history

As the Bronze Age barrows in the area of Landhausens am Bemberg prove, Celts traveled through this area as early as before Christ and buried their dead along this path. In the 11th century Landhausen was mentioned for the first time under the name "Lantensele" or "Lantensile" in the register of properties of the Werden monastery .

In 1124 Hemer became its own parish , in which the Grafschaft monastery provided the clergy. From now on, baptisms, marriages and funerals, also of country houses, took place in the (no longer existing) Vitus Church in Niederhemer. For the Landhausen estate belonging to Werden Abbey, the pastor had to pay three shillings to this abbey. In 1180, after the fall of Duke Henry the Lion and the division of the tribal duchy of Saxony with the county of Altena (Mark) , Landhausen belonged to the duchy of Westphalia and Engern, which was assigned to the Archbishop of Cologne .

In 1313, “Herman von Lantensile” was named as the owner of the Landhausen feudal estate in Count Wilhelm von Arnsberg's list of properties. Around 1350 the Landhausen area was part of the now independent county of Mark . In 1446 it was mentioned as "Lanthuysen" in the county's treasury book. Landhausen was a knight's seat in the late Middle Ages and functioned together with other manors such as Edelburg , Brelen, Haus Hemer , Apricke, Riemke and Klusenstein as part of the defense system of the Counts of Mark for the fortified towns of Iserlohn and Neuenrade , as they were on the border with the Electorate of Cologne Territory.

On June 14, 1461 Godert van Bernickhusen, who had Landhausen from his late father Hinrike van Bernickhusen, sold Landhausen to Johann van der Recke (gt. Von Sumeren) and his heirs and on August 9, 1484 waived the contractually stipulated right of repurchase. In the 16th century, Landhausen was owned by the Wrede family . 1539 listed the knighthood book of the office Iserlohn Joest Wrede zu Lantesen, who in 1542 Duke Wilhelm v. Kleve-Jülich followed on his French campaign, so that his son Johann Wrede took over the manor Landhausen. On July 12, 1569, Johann Wrede and his wife pledged the estate to Hermann Matthiae, the dean of Attendorn and pastor of Menden. Before April 6, 1573, Rötger Schade and his wife Katharina acquired the Landhausen estate after stabbing his brother Tonnies and had to leave the Duchy of Westphalia . Elector Gebhard did not allow him to return until 1578. In 1586 Bertram von Plettenberg became the new owner of the Landhausen estate. Around 1597, Bertram von Plettenberg sold Landhausen to Johann Krane after he had become mayor of Soest . With the marriage of Margareta Krane and Victor Walrave, Landhausen officially fell into the possession of the Walrave family on January 18, 1631. Since the marriage remained childless, the Landhausen estate passed to Johann Ernst Krane, who presumably sold Landhausen to Colonel Sergeant Kröger.

In 1647 the elector Friedrich Wilhelm established the court of Hemer (in 1614 the county of Mark fell to the electorate of Brandenburg, in which the Hohenzollern ruled), which included Oberhemer, Niederhemer, Westig, Sundwig and the Becke in addition to Landhausen. Until then, Landhausen was subordinate to the Iserlohn court. The owners of the noble house Landhausen (at this time the Walrave family) were exempt from the jurisdiction of the House of Hemer.

After Kröger's death (1666), his widow married a “von Klepping”. In 1686 Johann Kasimir von Zdanowitz from Galicia became the new owner of the Landhausen estate. His wife, Margarete von Zdanowitz, signed a contract in 1689 in the absence of her husband with the owner of the noble castle, Friedrich Winold von Romberg , on the sale of the farm. However, she retained the right of residence. After Elector Friedrich III of Brandenburg was raised to king in 1701, Landhausen was part of the Kingdom of Prussia . In 1724, after Johann Kasimir von Zdanowitz's return, a legal dispute over the possession of the Landhausen estate (Zdanowitz did not recognize the sale) ended with a settlement under the mediation of Baron von Brabeck : Landhausen remained in the possession of Zdanowitz in exchange for a payment of 4000 Reichstaler . After the death of Zdanowitz and his wife, their daughter Luise Landhausen inherited and married Lieutenant Kaspar Falcke. Since he died on January 9, 1759, Luise entered into a second marriage with Friedrich Schulte on April 27, 1762. Together they auctioned the now heavily indebted Landhausen estate on September 27, 1768, which Baron von Brabeck auctioned for 7,000 Reichstaler for his brother-in-law, Oberhofmeister Johann Hugo Kasimir Edmund Freiherr von Kesselstadt. Already on August 26, 1772, he sold Landhausen to the Electoral Mainz Privy Councilor Jobst Edmund Maria Freiherr von Brabeck. After his death, due to an adder bite in Letmathe on October 9, 1780, only the Landhausen estate fell to his daughter. She had married Ludwig von Fechenbach as early as 1786. They let tenants live in the property and over-indebted it more and more.

Original drawing of a rural farm in Landhausen from 1778

On October 27, 1806, after the overthrow of Prussia , Napoleon took possession of the county of Mark and incorporated it into the Grand Duchy of Berg, so that Hemer became Mairie in the arrondissement of Hagen ( Ruhr Department ) on January 21, 1808 . The Mairie Hemer included the communities of the court Hemer (to which Landhausen also belonged), also the communities Kesbern , Ihmert, Deilinghofen , Riemke, Evingsen and Brockhausen. From 1812, the sale of individual pieces of land began due to the over-indebtedness of the Landhausen estate. After the fall of Napoleon, Landhausen became part of the Prussian province of Westphalia on June 2, 1815. Mairie Hemer became mayor in the Iserlohn district, in the Arnsberg district. It had three “tax communities”: Evingsen, Deilinghofen and Hemer (which, in addition to Landhausen, also includes Becke, Niederhemer, Oberhemer, Sundwig and Westig). Between 1816 and 1863 ores were mined by the “Helle” union in the “Rosenhof” pits in Landhausen and “Neuglück” near Magney, near Landhausens. In Landhausen there were also the mines "Wilhelm" and "St. Caspar ". In addition, miners from Landhausen worked in the Galmeigruben in Iserlohn. The formation of the Office Hemer in 1841 from the communities of Becke, Brockhausen, Calle, Deilinghofen, Lössel, Niederhemer, Oberhemer, Sundwig and Westig can be seen as a first step towards the merging of Hemer into an administrative unit.

In 1842 Sophia v. Fechenbach, the daughter of Ludwig Freiherr v. Fechenbach and his wife the heiress of the Landhausen estate. From now on, the slow subdivision of the Landhausen estate to pay off debts began, as well as the demolition of the Landhausen house. The Landhausen gymnastics club was founded in 1910, followed by the Landhausen volunteer fire brigade in 1926 . The amalgamation of Hemer (union of Niederhemer and Oberhemer as early as 1910), Sundwig, Westig and Landhausen to form the greater municipality of Hemer was completed in 1929. On October 30, 1934, a garrison contract was signed between the German Reich and the city of Hemer, which, in addition to the construction of barracks at Jüberg, also provided for an anti-aircraft firing range in Landhausen. After the Second World War, US troops took Landhausen on April 15, 1945. In the second half of the 20th century, the gradual expansion of a residential area northeast of the village center of Landhausen on the southern slope of the Gaxberg began in the area of the former municipality of Landhausen. This got the name Stübecken. As Stübecken (formerly “Stüveken”) one called a bush forest, which arose from the again cleared stumps (“Stuben”) of a cleared deciduous forest. In addition, the Evangelical Kreuzkirche was built in Landhausen in 1964. On January 1, 1975, the city of Hemer received its current borders (merger of Hemer, Becke, Deilinghofen, Frönsberg and Ihmert). Here Hemer lost in the Landhausens area, compared to the local association Hemer, the northwest of the municipality of Calle with Griesenbrauck and Bilveringsen, but also a part of the Landhauser northwest to Iserlohn. In the course of this, the office of Hemer was dissolved. The newly built Brabeckschule building was put into operation in 1977 on Stübecker Weg. Before that, there had only been a smaller Protestant elementary school in Landhausen since 1880. In 1988 the village square was inaugurated with the associated village fountain.

The village fountain in Landhausen in June 2019

Surname

There are different interpretations of the origin of the name Landhausens. Hermann Jellinghaus writes in “The Westphalian Place Names” that the name “Landhausen” or earlier “Lantensele” or “Lantensile” should be interpreted as a country hall , country building or country house due to the syllable sel, sile = hall . Accordingly, the meaning of the name Lantensele and Landhausen is the same. Ernst Förstemann is of the same opinion in his old German name book and also notes: "Wüstung bei Iserlohn". Friedrich Leopold Woeste, however, interprets the name Landhausen in his "Heimatbuch fd Stadt- und Landkreis Iserlohn" as Landhausen, Lantensele = "Lanto's residence".

geography

View from the Osterbrauck to the eastern part of the village. Bemberg (left) and Tannenkopf (right) can be seen in the background.

Landhausen is located in the 200 to 300 meter high Menden hill country and is, including the newer residential area Stübecken, directly south of the Hemeraner northern border to Menden am Gaxberg, west of the Asenberg and Mesterscheid and is in the south through the Tannenkopf and the Bemberg, as well as the Seilerwald separated from Iserlohn-Bilveringsen and Hemerhardt .

Iserlohn-Griesenbrauck and Bixterheide are located west of Landhausen. The most densely populated area of the former municipality of Landhausen is the Stübecken residential area. Landscape protection areas are located in the "Brandholz" forest area and in the area north of Landhausen. The highest point is the Bemberg at 334 meters. Worth mentioning are the Abbabach, which rises in the extreme south of Landhaus, near the city limits of Iserlohn on the Tannenkopf and flows in a northerly direction along the Bergmannspfades, to unite with the Landhauser Bach after crossing the village and to the Hemeraner urban area in a northwestern direction leave. The Landhauser Bach also rises near the city limits of Iserlohn between Tannenkopf and Bemberg. It flows in a northerly direction along the Uhlenhohl and flows through parts of the village underground. Its water feeds the Landhauser Dorfbrunnen. After crossing the village, it turns west and flows into the Abbabach. Other smaller streams in the north of Landhausen are the Wannebach, Elsensiepen and Krebsbach.

literature

Stopsack, Hans-Hermann: From office to city . Self-published, Hemer 2000. ISBN 3-00-006685-3
Karin von Gymnich: From Adjutantenkamp to Zeppelinstrasse. Tell Hemer's street names. 1st edition, Hemer 1986
Citizens and local history association Hemer e. V. (Ed.): Hemer. Contributions to local history. 1st edition. Engelbert-Verlag, Balve 1979
Thomas, Eberhard: Hemer. Stadt-Bild-Verlag, Leipzig 1996, ISBN 3-931554-12-0
Honselmann, Wilhelm: On the history of Landhausen near Hemer . In: The key. Vol. 8.1963, volume 2, pp. 1-7, volume 3, pp. 1-8 [ud T .: "Lantensele ader Lanthusen"]
Treude, Friedhelm: Where was the Landhausen house? In: The key. 1963, H.2, pp. 7-9
Cities publishing house Ev Wagner u. Mitterhuber (ed.): City map and street directory of the city of Hemer, Stuttgart o. J.

Web links

Commons : Landhausen - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

↑ ^a ^b Karin von Gymnich: From Adjutantenkamp to Zeppelinstrasse. Tell Hemer's street names. 1st edition, Hemer 1986, pp. 82 & 108
↑ Stephanie Reekers: The regional development of the districts and communities of Westphalia 1817-1967 . Aschendorff, Münster Westfalen 1977, ISBN 3-402-05875-8 , p. 243 .
↑ From office to city. In: hemer.de. Retrieved April 6, 2019 .
^ ^A ^b Wilhelm Honselmann: On the history of Landhausen near Hemer . In: The key . Issue 2 1963, p. 1-7 .
↑ ^a ^b Wilhelm Honselmann: Lantensele ader Lanthusen . In: The key . Issue 3 1963, p. 1-8 .

[:0-1] Karin von Gymnich: From Adjutantenkamp to Zeppelinstrasse. Tell Hemer's street names. 1st edition, Hemer 1986, pp. 82 & 108

[2] Stephanie Reekers: The regional development of the districts and communities of Westphalia 1817-1967 . Aschendorff, Münster Westfalen 1977, ISBN 3-402-05875-8 , p. 243 .

[3] From office to city. In: hemer.de. Retrieved April 6, 2019 .

[:1-4] A ^b Wilhelm Honselmann: On the history of Landhausen near Hemer . In: The key . Issue 2 1963, p. 1-7 .

[:2-5] Wilhelm Honselmann: Lantensele ader Lanthusen . In: The key . Issue 3 1963, p. 1-8 .