List of historical Rhine bridges

Map of the Rhine Lower Rhine Middle Rhine Upper Rhine Lake Constance , Alpine , Front and Rear Rhine
   

The list of historical Rhine bridges names no longer existing bridges that crossed the Rhine or its estuary arms .

Lists of other Rhine crossings

The currently existing bridges are listed in the list of Rhine bridges.

The list of Rhine ferries includes ferries currently in operation . The previous flying bridges are listed in the article Yaw ferries.

The ship bridges often used before the construction of permanent bridges are listed in ship bridges over the Rhine . See also the list of Rhine bridges 1853 .

Roman Rhine bridges

Caesar's Rhine bridges were built in 55 BC. BC and 53 BC Near Neuwied .

After the Roman colonization of the left bank of the Rhine, but not until long after Caesar, several more permanent bridges were built over the Rhine:

• at Vetera near today's Xanten under Germanicus around 15 AD.
• Mainz Roman Bridge under Tiberius (approx. 30 AD)
• Koblenz Roman Bridge around AD 49
• Cologne Roman Bridge under Constantine from around 310 to 400 AD

On the upper reaches there were Roman bridges in:

• Constance - Gottlieben
• Stone at the Rhein
• Bad Zurzach ( Tenedo ) at today's Rhine bridge Zurzach-Rheinheim
• Augst ( Augusta Raurica )
• Breisach am Rhein (later Breisach Rhine Bridge ).

Modern historical Rhine bridges

Explanation:

• Years from - to = year of opening to year of destruction or closure
• In the Function column , S = road bridge; E = railway bridge; F, R = bridge that can be used by pedestrians and cyclists.
• Sorting takes place downstream.

Rhine to the delta

image	place	Surname	Years from - to	radio tion	comment
	Danis-Tavanasa	Tavanasa bridge over the Rhine	1905-1927	S F, R	The concrete arch bridge designed by Robert Maillart in 1905 with its first three-hinged box girder was destroyed by mudslides in 1927.
	Tamins - Reichenau GR	Rhine bridge	1822 (?) - 1880	S F, R	The bridges in Reichenau go back to the 14th century. The bridge shown around 1822 burned down in 1880. It was replaced by the still existing iron truss bridge.
	Landquart GR	Tardis Bridge	0-1880	S F, R	In 1529 the Lower Zollbrücke was built . Wooden bridge destroyed by flooding in 1888. 1892–2004 iron structure, from 2004 current arch bridge.
	Diepoldsau	Rhine bridge Diepoldsau	1913-1985	S F, R	The former tram bridge in Diepoldsau, both of which were built in connection with the canalization of the Alpine Rhine, looked like the neighboring, still existing Rietbrücke (pictured) or the Wiesenrainbrücke .
	Constancy	Rhine bridge in Constance	1200-1938	E, S F, R	Roman bridge in Gottlieben , afterwards wooden yoke bridges probably since the 10th century, documented for around 1200. 1544 new building, u. a. Renewed in 1548, 1675 and 1856. 1860 iron railway and road bridge, 1938 fundamental reconstruction, extended in 1957.
	Stone at the Rhein	Rhine bridge Stein am Rhein	81-1972	S F, R	Roman bridge built in 81/82, numerous others afterwards; u. a. 1857 new building located higher up
	Diessenhofen - Gailingen am Hochrhein	Rhine bridge Diessenhofen – Gailingen	1180 (?) - 1816	S F, R	Probably from 1180 different wooden bridges, documented for 1292. New building in 1668, set on fire in 1799. Current bridge since 1816.
	Schaffhausen - Feuerthalen	Schaffhausen – Feuerthalen Rhine bridge	1259-1965	S F, R	First bridge mentioned in a document in 1259, destroyed by floods in 1480. Succession in 1489. 1550–1611 Construction of a stone arch bridge, in 1754 it finally collapsed. 1758 Grubenmann Bridge (pictured), burned down in 1799. 1804–1965 last wooden bridge.
	Schaffhausen - Flurlingen	Schaffhausen – Flurlingen bridge over the Rhine	1860-1990	S F, R	1860 first wooden footbridge, 1942 reinforced concrete bridge as a plate beam construction, 1990 prestressed concrete bridge
	Rüdlingen - Flaach	Rüdlingen Rhine Bridge	1873-1930	S F, R	1873 lattice girder bridge , 1930 solid wall girder with composite steel deck
	Eglisau	Eglisau bridge over the Rhine	1240-1919	S F, R	1240 first wooden bridge; Renewed after flooding in 1542. 1799 war destruction. 1811 new wooden bridge. Due to damming by the Eglisau-Glattfelden power plant, dismantling and 1919 new construction of the current concrete arch bridge.
	Bad Zurzach - Küssaberg-Rheinheim	Zurzach – Rheinheim bridge over the Rhine	368, 1269	S F, R	368 Roman bridge at Tenedo (Zurzach). Wooden bridge is documented around 1269.
	Laufenburg AG - Laufenburg (Baden)	Laufenbrücke	1208, 1810-1911	(S) F, R	First fixed bridge in 1208, covered wooden bridge in 1810
	Bad Säckingen - Stein AG	Bad Säckingen wooden bridge	1272-1678	S F, R	First mentioned in a document in 1272. Rebuilt several times after floods. Destroyed in 1633, new building in 1650. Destroyed in 1678, new building in 1699.
	Rheinfelden AG - Rheinfelden (Baden)	Old Rhine Bridge Rheinfelden	1165-1912	S F, R	1165 first bridge (oldest between Constance and Strasbourg); multiple renewals. 1807–1912 last covered wooden bridge.
	Basel	Connecting railway bridge	1873-1962	E.	Iron construction from Schneider & Cie. in Le Creusot , France
	Basel	Wettstein Bridge	1879-1991	S F, R	Iron, three-span arch bridge; Widened in 1939. From 1991 construction of the new bridge.
	Basel	Middle bridge	1225-1903	E, S F, R	1225 first bridge, often renewed. 1903 demolished for the new, present bridge
	Basel	Johanniterbrücke	1882-1967	S F, R	Iron, five-span arch bridge. Replaced in 1967 by a prestressed concrete bridge
	Basel	Dreirosenbrücke	1935-2001	S F, R	1931–1935 Construction of the solid wall girder bridge. 2001 Demolition for a new two-story bridge with a motorway.
	Weil am Rhein - Huningue	Palmrain Bridge	1878-1937	E.	The first bridge from 1878 was a rail truss bridge. 1906 Extension of the second track. 1937 Cessation of train traffic and dismantling of the bridge.
	Neuchâtel on the Rhine - Chalampé	Rhine bridge between Neuchâtel and Chalampé	1878-1110	E, S F, R	The first bridge from 1878 was a rail truss bridge. 1906 Extension of the second track. New construction of the current railway bridge in 1962 and the road bridge in 1963.
	Breisach am Rhein - Neuf-Brisach	Breisach Rhine Bridge	1212 / 1263-1700	E, S F, R	After a Roman bridge, the first wooden bridge probably existed as early as 1212, and it was mentioned in a document in 1263. It was destroyed several times by floods and in 1700 by war.
	Breisach am Rhein - Neuf-Brisach	Breisach railway bridge	1878-1945	E.	Bridge on the Freiburg – Colmar railway line , destroyed in 1945, only rebuilt as a current road bridge.
	Strasbourg - Kehl	Long Bruck	1388–1797 (?)	S F, R	The wooden bridge started in 1388 (on the left edge of the picture) was destroyed and rebuilt several times and finally abandoned at the end of the 18th century. The successor was the ship bridge from 1815.
	Strasbourg - Kehl	Rhine bridge Kehl	1861-1944	E.	Three-span wrought iron lattice girder bridge with neo-Gothic entrance portals with an archway each for the two tracks. Slid-in continuous beam. Destroyed for good in 1944.
	Strasbourg - Kehl	Kehler Bridge	1897-1944	S F, R	Three-span truss bridge with neo-Gothic entrance portals (with only one archway each, in contrast to the two arches of the railway bridge from 1861). Tram discontinued in 1920. Destroyed for good in 1944.
	Strasbourg - Kehl	Rhine bridge Kehl	1956-2010	E.	New construction for two tracks with a single-track superstructure as a steel truss bridge. Replaced in 2010 by a new double-track building.
	Germersheim	Rhine bridge Germersheim (railway)	1877-1944	E.	Three steel arch bridges with a roadway below. Destroyed in 1945.
	Speyer	Salier Bridge	1938-1945	E, S F, R	Two-field, postless strut framework construction made of steel with an underlying roadway
	Mannheim - Ludwigshafen	Rhine bridge	1867-1945	E, S F, R	Combined railway and road bridge as a steel framework construction. 1932 extended by a parallel bridge. Destroyed in 1945.
	Worms	Ernst Ludwig Bridge	1900-1945	S F, R	Three-span steel truss arch bridge
	Worms	Rhine bridge in Worms	1900-1945	E.	Three double-track, iron arched truss girders with drawstring ; massive gate towers on both sides.
	Worms	Bridge from 1948	1948-1960	E, S F, R	Temporary bridge, combined single-track railway and road bridge; Replaced in 1960.
	Gernsheim	Gernsheim bridge over the Rhine	1939-1945	S F, R	Blasted in 1945, not rebuilt
	Mainz	South bridge	1862-1912	E F, R	Four Pauli bearers; 1871 superstructures for second track; Replaced in 1912.
	Mainz	South bridge	1912-1945	E F, R	Semi-parabolic beam; Destroyed in 1945
	Mainz	Kaiserbrücke	1904-1945	E.	Three truss arches
	Mainz	Charlemagne's Rhine bridge	813	S F	Burned down shortly after completion
	Bingen - Rudesheim	Hindenburg Bridge	1915-1945	E, (S) (F)	Two steel lattice arches with drawstring, parallel lattice girders on both sides
	Koblenz	Horchheimer railway bridge	1879-1945	E (F, R)	Two welding iron - truss arched trusses with elevated roadway
	Koblenz	Pfaffendorfer Bridge	1864-1945	E.	Three welding irons - truss arched trusses . From 1879 also S, F. 1932 extensive reconstruction
	Urmitz - Neuwied - Engers	Urmitzer railway bridge	1918-1945	E.	Kronprinz-Wilhelm-Brücke , truss arch bridge
	Weißenthurm - Neuwied	Raiffeisen Bridge	1935-1945	S F, R	Steel strut framework construction with a roadway below
	Remagen - drakes	Ludendorff Bridge	1918-1945	E, (S) (F)	Arch bridge construction with a span of 156 m, flanked on both sides by parallel-chorded trusses. Film The Remagen Bridge
	Bonn	Old Rhine Bridge	1898-1945	S F, R	Truss arch bridge, span 188 m
	Cologne	Cathedral Bridge	1859-1909	E F, R	Two parallel lattice girder bridges with four fields. Second railway bridge over the Rhine to Rhine bridge Koblenz – Waldshut , replaced by Hohenzollern bridge
	Cologne	Deutzer Brücke Deutzer suspension bridge Hindenburgbrücke	1915-1945	S F, R	Self- anchored chain bridge , widened in 1939/40, collapsed in 1945
	Cologne	Mülheimer Bridge	1929-1944	S F, R	Self- anchored suspension bridge , replaced in 1951 by a real suspension bridge
	Neuss - Düsseldorf	Hammer railway bridge König-Wilhelm-Brücke	1870-1945	E.	Semi-parabolic beam; Refurbished in 1896, in 1911 second, parallel, double-track truss arch construction; then the old semi-parabolic beam replaced by the same new superstructure.
	Dusseldorf	Oberkassel Bridge	1898-1945	S F, R	Two large iron truss arches, each with a span of around 181 m; Reinforced in 1926, widened, destroyed in 1945. 1948 temporary bridge until 1973
	Krefeld - Uerdingen - Duisburg - Mündelheim	Krefeld-Uerdinger Bridge	1936-1945	S F, R	Rein belt bridge , largely rebuilt after being blown up in 1945.
	Duisburg	Duisburg-Hochfelder railway bridge	1873-1927 1927-1945	E.	Four two-hinge truss arches, bridge towers, swing bridges, receiving bridges; Replaced in 1927 by a stronger, parallel Gerber girder bridge
	Duisburg	Bridge of Solidarity Admiral Graf Spee Bridge	1934-1945	S F, R
	Duisburg - Homberg - Duisburg - Ruhrort	Friedrich-Ebert-Brücke , Admiral-Scheer-Brücke	1907-1945	S F, R	Iron truss cantilever bridge
	Wesel	Rheinbaben Bridge	1917-1945	S F, R	Steel framework construction with a three-span cantilever bridge
	Wesel	Rhine bridge Wesel	1950-2009	S F, R	Three-span, postless strut truss bridge made of steel (continuous girder), replaced in 2009 by the current cable-stayed bridge
	Wesel	Railway bridge Wesel	1874-1945	E, (S) (F)	Four stream fields with semi-parabolic girders , drum systems , long approach bridges; Planning from a military point of view. Renewed on old pillars in 1927.
	Spyck wave	Railway bridge	1945-1946	E.	British single-track war bridge

Rhine delta

image	place	Surname	Years from - to	radio tion	comment
	Nijmegen	Nijmegen railway bridge	1879-1983	E.	Three-arched framework construction made of semi-parabolic girders; Replaced by a new building in 1983.
	Zaltbommel - Neerijnen	Bommel Bridge	1933-1996	S F, R	Replaced in 1996 by the Martinus Nijhoff Bridge .
	Dordrecht - Sliedrecht	Baanhoek Bridge	1885-1983	E, S F, R	Two power bridges with parallel-belt trusses. Replaced by a new building in 1983.
	Rotterdam	Willemsbrücke	1878-1981	S F, R	Two power bridges with parallel-belt trusses. Replaced in 1981 by the current cable-stayed bridge.
	Arnhem	Arnhem Bridge	1935-1940 / 1944	S F, R	Truss arch bridge, blown up in 1940, rebuilt, destroyed in 1944.
	Arnhem	Arnhem Railway Bridge	1879-1940	E.	Double-track truss arch bridge with two power fields; Replaced by the current bridge in 1952.
	Culemborg	Culemborg railway bridge	1868-1983	E.	Truss arch bridge planned to have two tracks, initially only a single track. First semi-parabolic girder, first steel railway bridge. Replaced by a new building in 1983.
	Vianen	Lekbrücke	1936-1944 / 1949-1999	S F, R	Rebuilt after the war, closed in 1999.

Pontoon bridges

During the coalition wars, a Prussian army under the command of Colonel Szekely crossed the Rhine near Kaub using a pontoon bridge. The position was chosen because the Pfalzgrafenstein offers an additional base in the Rhine.

At the turn of the year 1813/1814, the Silesian Army, under the command of Field Marshal Blücher , crossed over there at the same point (for details see Kaub # Blücher's Rhine crossing 1814 ). Russian pioneers built a bridge out of canvas pontoons .

Pontoon bridges in World War II

Blasted Rhine bridge near Speyer ( Salierbrücke ), next to it floating replacement bridge, view from the Baden side of the Rhine, May 1945

In the spring of 1945 the Western Allies built some pontoon bridges over the Rhine. This was the only way to get heavy material across the river, because the Wehrmacht had blown up most of the bridges and made most of the ferries unusable.

Each of the Allied Army Groups had made plans to cross the Rhine. The plans of the SHAEF ( Supreme Headquarters Allied Expeditionary Force ) initially concentrated on the Lower Rhine, where troops of the 21st Army Group ( Field Marshal Montgomery ) had reached the Rhine after the battle in the Reichswald (near Kleve). Around March 6th, Cologne was conquered.

On March 7, a US troop succeeded in conquering the Ludendorff Bridge near Remagen almost intact. This changed the advance plans. 8,000 soldiers crossed the Rhine within 24 hours. On March 13th an "M-2 steel treadway" and a reinforced "heavy pontoon bridge" were completed. On March 17th, 1945 the Ludendorff Bridge collapsed.

In March 1945 US troops also built further pontoon bridges between Niederbreisig / Bad Hönningen and Oberwinter / Unkel across the Rhine to ensure the supply of the bridgehead on the right bank of the Rhine.

• The longest of them, the Victor Bridge between Niederbreisig and Bad Hönningen, was 1,370 feet (420 meters) long; it went into operation on March 22, 1945 at 8 p.m.
• There was the "Rozisch-Blackburn-Thompkins Bridge" between Kripp and Linz .

At the end of May 1945 these makeshift bridges were dismantled (they prevented shipping).

On the night of March 22nd to 23rd, US troops under General Patton succeeded in conquering and soon expanding a bridgehead across from Nierstein (between Oppenheim and Mainz ). A Treadway Bridge was completed on the 23rd, a second Treadway Bridge and a heavy pontoon bridge on March 24th (details here ). Between March 24 and March 31, 1945, 60,000 vehicles crossed the Rhine on these bridges.

On March 26, 1945, US pioneers built a pontoon bridge next to the destroyed Rhine bridge in Worms , which was named "Alexander Patch Bridge" after General Alexander M. Patch . A bridge in Mainz bore the same name , which existed as a pontoon bridge until April 14, 1945, then as a temporary bridge, which was dismantled in 1962.

literature

• Landschaftsverband Rheinland (Hrsg.): Bridges over the Rhine . Cologne 1996.

Web links

Commons : Rheinbrücken  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

1. ^ Hans-Wolfgang Scharf: Railway Rhine bridges in Germany. EK-Verlag, Freiburg 2003, ISBN 3-88255-689-7 , p. 287
2. ↑ www.wormser-zeitung.de March 27, 2013  ( page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  
3. ↑ General Alexander M. Patch Jr. ( Memento of the original from April 10, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.