November 1917

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This article chronologically deals with current news and events at the time - in November 1917 .

Ongoing: the First World War ; As early as November, under the leadership of General Ludendorff, the planning for a final offensive by the German armed forces on the western front began ( spring offensive ); the economic crisis of the last months of the war continued in November 1917 .

Daily events

Thursday November 1, 1917

• Berlin : After Georg Michaelis , Count Georg von Hertling , 1843–1919, became a philosophy professor and center politician, Reich Chancellor and Prussian Prime Minister .
• Beginning of the third battle for Gaza of the British Egyptian Expeditionary Forces (until November 7th; British success)
• Nine officers die in a bomb explosion in the Milwaukee Police Department

Born

Wolfgang Ruge , German historian (died 2006 )

Erich Rudorffer , German fighter pilot (died 2016 )

Friday November 2, 1917

• The British foreign minister (in the government Lloyd George) Arthur Balfour signaled with the eponymous Balfour Declaration his country's support for the establishment of a homeland for Jews in Palestine .
• With the Lansing Ishii Agreement , the United States and the Japanese Empire come to an agreement on their interests in China . The negotiators of both nations are the former Japanese Foreign Minister Ishii Kikujirō and the US Secretary of State Robert Lansing . The open door policy is to be maintained.

Born

Dale Wasserman , American writer († 2008 )

Ann Rutherford , Canadian actress († 2012 )

Sunday 4th November 1917

Born:

Leonardo Cimino , American actor († 2012 )

Virginia Field , British actress († 1992 )

Monday 5th November 1917

Born: Jacqueline Auriol , French pilot, was the first woman to break the sound barrier (d. 2000 )

Smolny Institute

Tuesday November 6, 1917

• The Third Battle of Flanders on the western front, aimed at achieving a breakthrough in the Ypres area , ended unsuccessfully after high losses (since July 31, 1917).
• From that morning the key members of the Central Committee of the Petrograd Soviet met permanently in Smolny , where the headquarters of the Bolshevik staff was also located

Cadets (noble off-guard candidates) on guard in the Winter Palace

Born:

András Mihály , Hungarian composer († 1993 )

Edgar Whitcomb , American politician († 2016 )

Wednesday November 7, 1917

• Rapallo : France , Great Britain and Italy form the Allied Supreme War Council at the Rapallo Conference
• Petrograd : In the early hours of October 25, insurgent soldiers, on the orders of the Revolutionary Committee, occupy the strategically important facilities of the city: the railway stations, the main post office, the telegraph office, the telephone exchange, the electricity company and the state bank.
• In Petrograd , the start of the October Revolution is attributed to a signal shot by the cruiser Aurora . The Winter Palace , the seat of the Provisional Government , is stormed and all members of the government except for the refugee Prime Minister Kerensky arrested.
• The II All-Russian Congress of Soviets begins at around 11 p.m. in the Smolny Institute

(Note calendar reform 25 October ^July / 7 November ^greg. )

Born

Ján Arpáš , Slovak football player († 1976 )

Lev Efimowitsch Kerbel , Soviet sculptor (died 2003 )

Helen Suzman , South African politician († 2009 )

Thursday November 8, 1917

• Petrograd : The remaining government soldiers in the Winter Palace give up their resistance around two in the morning. The arrested government is brought to the Peter and Paul Fortress by the HRC.
• The Russian Soviet Federal Socialist Republic is established.
  • The decree on land drawn up by Lenin is published in Izvestia . The confiscation of land from landlords, churches and state domains without compensation wins the rural population for the Bolsheviks.
  • On the same day, the government of Soviet Russia unanimously passed the decree on peace (peace offer to the German Empire), which was also published in Izvestia.

(Note calendar reform on October 26 ^jul. / November 8 ^greg. )

Friday November 9, 1917

• Lev Kamenev becomes chairman of the All-Russian Central Executive Committee and thus head of state of the Russian Soviet Federal Socialist Republic. He was replaced by Jakow Sverdlov only twelve days later .
• 13 People's Commissariats are created by decree (instead of ministries) and the Council of People's Commissars meets.

(Note calendar reform October 27th ^July / November 9th ^greg. )

Saturday November 10, 1917

• The first of three Piave battles in World War I begins. Austria-Hungary is trying to decide the war against Italy in its favor.

Sunday November 11, 1917

• Italy, on the Tagliamento : Effects of the twelfth battle of the Isonzo, in Italian Battaglia di Caporetto (October, the first battle of movement on the Alpine front): there follows the transition to the trench warfare on the Piave .

Tuesday November 13, 1917

• Georges Clemenceau becomes French Prime Minister

Wednesday November 14, 1917

Born:

• Park Chung-hee , President of South Korea ( 1979 )

Thursday November 15, 1917

Died:

• Émile Durkheim (in Paris; born 1858 in Épinal, France; the main sociologist who founded the subject at the Sorbonne)

Saturday 17th November 1917

• German minesweepers are intercepted while trying to create a sea route through a British minefield in the Heligoland Bay ( sea ​​battle near Helgoland ).

Indira Gandhi, 1984

Sunday November 18, 1917

Born:

• Pedro Infante , Mexican actor and singer (died 1957 )

Died:

• Auguste Rodin (French painter, born 1840)

Monday, November 19, 1917

• Beginning of the Battle of Jerusalem (British troops fight against Ottoman and German troops from November 19, 1917)

Born

• Indira Gandhi , Indian politician and Prime Minister (d. 1984 )

Tuesday, November 20, 1917

• The Battle of Cambrai (Western Front), the first major tank offensive in history, begins (ends unsuccessfully on December 7th).
• The Central Council (Zentralna Rada) of Ukraine proclaims the autonomous Ukrainian People's Republic within the new federal Soviet Russia .

Born

• Robert Byrd , American politician († 2010 )
• Hugh Gregg , American politician († 2003 )

Thursday November 22, 1917

• In the Battle of Ngomano , German colonial troops defeat Portuguese units near Ngomano in Southeast Africa

Born

Andrew Fielding Huxley , British biophysicist and physiologist, Nobel Prize winner († 2012 )

Jean-Etienne Marie , French composer († 1989 )

Friday November 23, 1917

• Moscow: The Bolshevik government publishes the contents of the previously secret Sykes-Picot agreement between the governments of Great Britain and France to define their areas of interest in the Middle East in Pravda and Izvestia

Sunday, November 25, 1917

• The elections to the Russian Constituent Assembly will be held, with the Social Revolutionary Party emerging as the strongest force by far (38%). The Bolsheviks received about a quarter of the vote.

Wednesday November 28, 1917

• Soviet Union / Russia: Leon Trotsky makes the warring parties a proposal for a ceasefire . That will be rejected by the Entente Powers and receives the approval of the Central Powers .

See also

• Chronology of the First World War, November 1917
• Nekrolog November 1917 for deaths that month
• List of annually recurring memorial and action days in November
• Category for commemorative days, holidays or action days in November

Web links

Commons : November 1917  - Collection of Pictures, Videos and Audio Files

• Chronicle 1917 (Living virtual museum online at dhm.de)
• Digitized newspapers from 1917 in the newspaper information system (ZEFYS) of the Berlin State Library

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Helmut Altrichter: Russia 1917. A country in search of itself. Schöningh Verlag, Paderborn, 2nd edition 2017.