Passo della Borcola

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Passo della Borcola
Pass height in the direction of Terragnolo

Pass height in the direction of Terragnolo

Compass direction northwest Southeast
Pass height 1207  m slm
province Trento (Region Trentino-South Tyrol ) Vicenza ( Veneto region )
Watershed Leno di Terragnolo → Leno → Etsch Posina → Astico → Tesina → Bacchiglione
Valley locations Terragnolo Posina
expansion Pass road SP138 / SP 81
Winter closure November - April
Mountains Vicentine Alps
map
Passo della Borcola (North Italy)
Passo della Borcola
Coordinates 45 ° 49 ′ 45 "  N , 11 ° 12 ′ 20"  E Coordinates: 45 ° 49 ′ 45 "  N , 11 ° 12 ′ 20"  E
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The Passo della Borcola , also just called Passo Borcola , is a 1207  m slm high mountain pass between the Italian provinces of Trento and Vicenza .

Location and surroundings

The pass is bordered by the Pasubio in the south and by Monte Maggio in the north . It represents the transition from the Valle di Terragnolo (German outdated Leimtal ) with the Trentino municipality Terragnolo to the Valle di Posina with the vicentine municipality Posina .

On the Trentino side, Strada provinciale 138 leads from the Fraction Piazza to the pass, which on the Vicentine side continues as Strada provinciale 81 to Posina. On the northwest side on Trentino soil a little below the pass is a small church built in 1968 by the local Alpini reservists' association . A few meters below the church is the cultivated Malga Borcola.

The Passo della Borcola is touched by the European long-distance hiking trail E5 and by the Sentiero della Pace (German: Friedensweg ).

history

Venetian boundary stone from 1772 at the top of the pass

The Passo della Borcola played only a minor role as a transition between the provinces of Trento and Vicenza compared to the Passo Pian delle Fugazze to the south . Nevertheless, an ax from the Bronze Age found on the pass shows that the pass has been used since ancient times.

The particularly deeply cut Valle di Terragnolo hindered the expansion of communication routes for a long time, which is why the pass led a shadowy existence for a long time. It was not until the 13th century that the Vicenza city ​​council decided to expand the connection routes to Trento , including the passage from Posina over the Borcolapass.

In the 15th century, the Republic of Venice had a boundary stone built on the pass, which was destroyed by the troops of Maximilian I after the occupation of Posina in 1510 and was only rebuilt in 1772 after the border disputes with the Habsburgs were settled under the government of Maria Theresa .

In 1701 it was Prince Eugene who crossed the pass with parts of his troops from Rovereto on mule paths during the War of the Spanish Succession .

During the First Italian War of Independence in 1848, only Italian free troops coming from Posina pushed across the pass into the Valle di Terragnolo before they were pushed back again.

After the Italian entry into the war in World War I , the Borcolapass and the Terragnolo Valley were initially occupied by Italian troops. With the Austro-Hungarian spring offensive in May 1916, the 11th Austro-Hungarian Army managed to recapture the valley and the pass. In the same year, the construction of today's pass road began, on which the supplies of the Pasubio front were supplied. However, the route turned out to be extremely endangered by avalanches , which is why the pass road could not be used in winter. As a replacement, a material ropeway was built to the Borcola Pass. Austro-Hungarian artillery was in position on the pass itself, firing at the Italian positions on Pasubio. There were also other military facilities, such as command posts and field hospitals, which had been built in the immediate vicinity of the pass. Traces and remains of these war structures can still be found on the pass today.

literature

Web links

Commons : Passo della Borcola  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Bruno Bais: Storia della Valle di Terragnolo. Ricerche e documenti p. 28
  2. ↑ Bruno Bais: Storia della Valle di Terragnolo. Ricerche e documenti pp. 55–56
  3. ↑ a b c Information on the Passo della Borcola compiled by the municipality of Terragnolo (Italian), accessed on October 25, 2018
  4. ↑ Bruno Bais: Storia della Valle di Terragnolo. Ricerche e documenti p. 150