Prémanon
| Prémanon | ||
|---|---|---|
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| region | Bourgogne-Franche-Comté | |
| Department | law | |
| Arrondissement | Saint-Claude | |
| Canton | Morez | |
| Community association | Station des Rousses-Haut Jura | |
| Coordinates | 46 ° 28 ′ N , 6 ° 2 ′ E | |
| height | 769-1,417 m | |
| surface | 28.18 km 2 | |
| Residents | 1,188 (January 1, 2017) | |
| Population density | 42 inhabitants / km 2 | |
| Post Code | 39400 | |
| INSEE code | 39441 | |
| Website | www.premanon.com | |
_-_Mairie_et_%C3%A9glise.JPG) Town hall and church |
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Prémanon is a commune in the French department of Jura in the region Bourgogne Franche-Comté .
geography
Prémanon is located at 1111 m , six kilometers south of Morez and about 15 km northeast of the city of Saint-Claude (beeline). The village extends in the Jura , on a plateau in the headwaters of the Bienne , east of Mont Fier , near the border with Switzerland .
The area of the 28.18 km² large municipality covers a section of the French Jura. The central area is occupied by the Prémanon plateau, which slopes slightly to the north. It is bordered to the east by the Gorges de la Chaille and to the west by the Biennette valley system . These two valleys are cut deep into the surrounding plateaus and form the Bienne valley from Les Rivières ( 771 m ), the lowest point on the northern municipal boundary. To the west, the Prémanon area encompasses the landscape of the Biennette valley system with strong relief, formed by the rocky slopes of the Rochers des Arcets ( 1161 m ), the Rocher du Tiavy ( 1199 m ), the Mont Fier ( 1282 m ) and the Les Pellas ( 1351 m ) is flanked.
The landscape, which adjoins the Prémanon plateau to the south-east, has only relatively minor differences in relief and is characterized by parallel ridges and depressions (so-called combes ), which are oriented in the south-west-north-east direction according to the direction of the fold of the Jura in this area. From a structural geological point of view, they represent a series of anticlines and synclines , which mainly consist of rock layers from the Upper Jurassic period . The height of the ridges increases steadily to the southeast. South of the village rises the ridge of the Bois de Ban ( 1360 m ), followed by a wide depression and the ridge of the Montagne des Tuffes (at 1416 m the highest point in Prémanon). The south-eastern boundary forms the longitudinal basin of the Vallée des Dappes at the foot of the Dôle . The municipality is part of the Upper Jura Regional Nature Park (French: Parc naturel régional du Haut-Jura ).
In addition to the actual village, Prémanon also includes several hamlets, farm groups and individual farms, including:
- Les Rivières ( 771 m ) at the confluence of the Bief de la Chaille and Biennette to the Bienne
- Les Arcets ( 875 m ) on the Biennette at the northeast foot of Mont Fier
- La Darbella ( 1182 m ) in the valley between the Crêt Pela and the Bois de Ban
- Les Jouvencelles ( 1167 m ), winter sports station at the northern foot of the Montagne des Tuffes
- Les Jacobeys ( 1136 m ), winter sports station at the northwest foot of the Montagne des Tuffes
- Le Tabagnoz ( 1251 m ), settlement in the Vallée des Dappes
Neighboring municipalities of Prémanon are Divonne-les-Bains , Lajoux and Lamoura in the south, Longchaumois in the west and north, Les Rousses in the east and the Swiss municipalities of Saint-Cergue , Gingins and La Rippe in the southeast.
history
The origin of the village goes back to the monk Mannon, provost in the monastery of Saint-Claude, who cleared the area and made it arable in the 9th century. The cleared island was henceforth called Pré Mannon (meadow / pastureland of the Mannon). Prémanon was continuously inhabited until the 16th century, after which the farmers went into the valley for around two centuries during the harsh winter season. Together with Franche-Comté , the village came to France with the Peace of Nijmegen in 1678. A change of area occurred in 1823 when the previously independent La Darbella was incorporated into Prémanon.
The strategically important Vallée des Dappes had belonged to Switzerland since 1648, but was annexed by Napoléon I in 1805. After the Congress of Vienna in 1815, the previous ownership was restored, but the valley remained a matter of dispute between Switzerland and France. The Dappental question was resolved in 1862 through an exchange of territory . The western part of the valley came to France and was mainly assigned to the municipality of Prémanon.
Attractions
The village church of Prémanon was built in the 19th century. Major visitor destinations include the Center Paul-Emile Victor (a polar center designed as a museum) and the Maison de la Faune (exhibition on animals).
population
| Population development | |
|---|---|
| year | Residents |
| 1962 | 251 |
| 1968 | 284 |
| 1975 | 315 |
| 1982 | 320 |
| 1990 | 606 |
| 1999 | 664 |
| 2016 | 1188 |
With 1188 inhabitants (as of January 1, 2017) Prémanon is one of the small communities in the Jura department. After the population had decreased markedly in the first half of the 20th century (781 people were still counted in 1886), a significant increase in population was recorded again, especially during the 1980s.
Economy and Infrastructure
For a long time Prémanon was predominantly a village characterized by agriculture , especially cattle and dairy farming, and forestry. In addition, there are various small and medium-sized businesses today. In addition to the traditional branches of cheese-making and woodworking, companies specializing in eyewear production, plastics processing and precision engineering are now represented in the village.
As a resort in a popular excursion area in the High Jura, Prémanon now benefits significantly from tourism. It belongs to the Rousses-Haut-Jura winter sports area . The slopes of the Montagne des Tuffes are accessible by a mountain railway and numerous ski lifts for alpine skiing. The ski area on the slope of the Dôle can also be accessed from the Vallée des Dappes. The extensive plateaus are ideal for cross-country skiing. Prémanon is the location of the Center National de Ski Nordique . Les Jouvencelles and Les Jacobeys were developed into winter sports resorts with various hotels, holiday apartments and holiday colonies.
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The village is located off the main thoroughfares, but is easily accessible from the main road N5 , which leads from Geneva over the Col de la Faucille to Morez. Further road connections exist with Lajoux and Longchaumois.
On the ridge of Les Tuffes is the Nordic winter sports center Stade Nordique des Tuffes "Jason Lamy Chappuis" , which was, among other things, the venue for the 2020 Winter Youth Olympic Games in the disciplines of biathlon , ski jumping and Nordic combined .
