Rieneck

This article explains the city of Rieneck; for other meanings see Rieneck (disambiguation) .

coat of arms	Germany map
	Coordinates: 50 ° 6 ′  N , 9 ° 39 ′  E
Basic data
State :	Bavaria
Administrative region :	Lower Franconia
County :	Main-Spessart
Height :	183 m above sea level NHN
Area :	26.2 km 2
Residents:	1914 (Dec. 31, 2019)
Population density :	73 inhabitants per km 2
Postal code :	97794
Area code :	09354
License plate :	MSP
Community key :	09 6 77 177
City structure:	2 districts
City administration address :	Schulgasse 4 97794 Rieneck
Website :	www.rieneck.de
Mayor :	Sven Nickel (Free Citizens)
Location of the town of Rieneck in the Main-Spessart district

Town center with town hall, clapboard house on pillars and classical parish church

A look over Rieneck. In the center the cath. Parish Church of St. John the Baptist

Rieneck is a town in the Lower Franconian district of Main-Spessart .

geography

Geographical location

The place is in the Würzburg region between the southern foothills of the Rhön and the east side of the Spessart on the lower reaches of the Sinn . The topographically highest point of the city marking is in the Spessart at 448  m above sea level. NN (location) , near the former Einsiedel monastery , the lowest is on the Sinn at 164  m above sea level. NN (location) . The Franconian Marienweg runs through Rieneck .

Community structure

There is only the Rieneck district and two districts, the main town Rieneck and Dürnhof .

Neighboring communities

	Burgsinn market
Herrnwald (municipality-free area)		Community Gräfendorf
Ruppertshüttener Forst (community-free area)	Langenprozeltener Forest (municipality-free area)	City of Gemünden am Main

history

middle Ages

The oldest surviving mention of the place Rieneck comes from the year 790. In 1168 Count Ludwig von Rieneck received the County of Rieneck in the Spessart - including the place Rieneck - as a fiefdom from Kurmainz . The place got its current name from the Counts of Rieneck, who had one of their residences in Rieneck Castle above the place and had taken over the name "Rieneck" from an extinct family from the Middle Rhine region . In the wake of the counts there is the ministerial family of Voit von Rieneck , who later acquired local importance themselves. The castle dates from the middle of the 12th century.

In 1188 a "castrum (dt .: Burg) Rienecke" is mentioned in a contract between Emperor Friedrich I Barbarossa and King Alfonso VIII of Castile , in which the marriage between Friedrich's son Konrad and Alfons daughter Berengaria was agreed. This castle, which is believed to be in Rieneck, was part of the bride's morning gift along with 29 other Staufer goods . However, this marriage was never put into practice. The settlement was called on June 7, 1311 as "Oppidum".

Transfer to Mainz and Hanau

There are two different representations in the literature about the transition of the city to a condominium shared between Kurmainz (¾) and Hanau (¼) :

1. When the Rieneck-Rothenfels line became extinct in 1333, Ulrich II von Hanau inherited ¼ of the town and castle of Rieneck through his mother, Elisabeth von Rieneck- Rothenfels, and Kurmainz kept the rest himself.
2. The house of Rieneck died with Count Philipp III. from Rieneck on September 3, 1559. He had close with Philip III. von Hanau-Münzenberg worked together. When it was foreseeable that Count Philip III. von Rieneck would die without a male heir, the two agreed to appoint the Hanauer Count as heir. The project failed due to a formal error. (For details see here .) There was a dispute between Kurmainz and Hanau over the inheritance. This was finally resolved to the effect that a condominium was formed, which was due to ¾ Kurmainz and ¼ Hanau-Münzenberg.

Modern times

This article or the following section is not adequately provided with supporting documents ( e.g. individual evidence ). Information without sufficient evidence could be removed soon. Please help Wikipedia by researching the information and including good evidence.

View over the city and Rieneck Castle

The Mainz share was sold to the Counts of Nostitz in 1673 , who in turn sold it to Count Colloredo Mansfeld in 1803 . In 1806 Rieneck was mediatized and added to the Principality of Aschaffenburg . With him it fell to the Grand Duchy of Frankfurt , where it was located in the Rieneck district of the Aschaffenburg department. In 1812 Mairie Rieneck had 216 fireplaces and 1200 souls (residents) with two farms and a brickworks. Maire was Philipp Casimir, Mayor Joseph Michael Marx. Leonhard Hartmann was both civil registrar and district surgeon. The city sergeant's name was Johann Muthig. On June 26, 1814, Rieneck came to the Kingdom of Bavaria as a result of the Paris Treaty of June 3, 1814 with the Aschaffenburg department of the Grand Duchy of Frankfurt , where it was assigned to the second-class district court Lohr , which was founded on October 1, 1814 . In the course of the administrative reforms in Bavaria, the municipality of Rieneck was created with the municipal edict of 1818 . The highest resolutions of June 30, 1828 and January 8 and 14, 1829 brought Rieneck to the Gemünden Regional Court .

In 1862, the district offices of Gemünden am Main were formed from the older district courts of Orb and Gemünden , on whose administrative territory Rieneck was located. In 1872 the Gemünden District Office was incorporated into the Lohr am Main District Office . It was not until 1902 that the Gemünden District Office was re-established. In 1939, as everywhere in the German Reich, the designation district was introduced. Rieneck was then one of the 27 communities in the district of Gemünden am Main . With the dissolution of the district of Gemünden am Main, Rieneck came to the newly formed district of Mittelmain on July 1, 1972, which ten months later received its final name, district of Main-Spessart .

On March 29, 1945, five Soviet prisoners of war accused of looting were shot in Rieneck by five members of the Rieneck Hitler Youth without due process on the orders of the Würzburg SA Brigade and Volkssturmführer Hans Olpp (~ 1898–1985) . The Hitler Youth admitted to being shot during an interrogation in 1947, but did not have to serve any prison sentence due to the fact that they were minors at the time of the crime. Olpp was sentenced to five years in prison for manslaughter in 1950, but only had to spend one year in prison. The city council only approved the erection of a donated memorial plaque after a third consultation on January 12, 2015; it will be erected on March 29, 2015.

Population development

In the period from 1988 to 2018, the number of inhabitants fell from 2068 to 1959 by 109 inhabitants or 5.3%.

year	1970	1987	1991	1995	2000	2005	2010	2015
Residents	2315	2096	2155	2133	2127	2113	2022	1987

religion

Rieneck is the seat of a parish established in 1411 . Since it was under the influence of the Electorate of Mainz, the Reformation could not gain a foothold here. The inhabitants are therefore still predominantly Roman Catholic today . The Roman Catholic parish is under the patronage of John the Baptist . The classical parish church was completed in 1812.

The Protestant parish belongs to that of Burgsinn . Protestant church services take place regularly in the chapel of Rieneck Castle.

Jews are said to have lived in Rieneck as early as the Middle Ages. Nothing is known about their organization, but they are said to have been affected by the rint meat persecution in 1298 . After that, Jewish names can only be found again in the documents in the middle of the 17th century, a Jewish community is said to have existed from 1699. A Judengasse in which the mikveh is said to have been has been known since the 18th century . In 1837 there were 96 inhabitants and thus 6.2% of the 1596 local residents of Jewish faith, after that their number fell to 13 people who had to leave their homes on March 10, 1939 after the November pogrom 1938 and move to Frankfurt am Main. A synagogue may have existed since the 17th century, the year 1748 was found on a Torah shrine, and an advertisement from 1932 mentions a year of construction 1699 in an appeal for donations to renovate the building. A renewed renovation on the occasion of the damage that occurred on June 30, 1937, could only be financed by the congregation , which had fewer than 20 members, with the support of the Association of the Bavarian Israelite Congregation. During the pogrom in 1938, the interior of the synagogue was completely destroyed and only the foundation walls remained. Behind the house at Schloßberg 10 at the war memorial, where the synagogue was last located in a back yard, a memorial plaque commemorates the persecution and murder of the Jewish residents in the Shoah .

politics

City council

The city council has 14 members. Since the local elections on March 15, 2020, it has been composed as follows:

Party / list	Seats	Share of votes
Free citizens	5	32.21%
Alliance for Rieneck	4th	31.98%
Rienecker Young Voters Union	3	23.28%
Citizens Forum	2	12.53%

mayor

Mayor has been Sven Nickel (Free Citizens) since May 1, 2020. He prevailed in the runoff election against Hubert Nickel (Alliance for Rieneck) with 63.23% of the valid votes. Incumbent Wolfgang Küber (Rienecker Young Voters Union) missed the runoff election.

Period	1st Mayor
1986 to 2003	Walter Höfling
2003 to June 6, 2006	Waldemar Horn (†)
October 1, 2006 - April 30, 2020	Wolfgang Küber
since May 1st, 2020	Sven Nickel

Culture and sights

Rieneck Castle

Rieneck is surrounded by a charming natural landscape with mixed deciduous forests ( Spessart oak ). The extensive Sinntalaue , which was declared a nature reserve at the end of the 1990s , is home to rare animals such as the beaver and protected plants such as the chess flower .

• Rieneck Castle
• At the historic town hall in half-timbered houses with bay windows from the 15th / 16th centuries. Century is a neck iron pillory with the explanatory inscription, this is "the last remnant of the Centgericht Rieneck, which could sentence to the 'highest commandment', the death penalty."
• Opposite is an asymmetrically built house with gray shingles and an unusual porch on wooden pillars.
• Together with the Church of St. John, these two buildings form the core of the old town.
• At the central parking lot on the main street there is a fountain trough (around 1600) from the historic town hall, which once served as a wine measure (so-called “Rienecker bucket”); the viticulture around Rieneck is given up today.
• The Rieneck'sche Moshenhof , once the residence of Dietmar von Rieneck and from 1580 Kurmainzer Amtskellerei , was demolished in 1960. Only one memorial stone still reminds of its existence.

Architectural monuments

→ Main article : List of architectural monuments in Rieneck

Infrastructure

economy

The municipal tax revenue amounted to the equivalent of € 849,000 in 1999, of which the equivalent of € 97,000 (net) was trade tax income.

Rieneck's economic potential lies in forestry (over 2,000 hectares of forest area) and tourism (33,500 overnight stays in 2002, preferably in holiday apartments). The local economic structure mainly consists of manufacturing , trade and services . The greater part of the workforce in Rieneck commutes to the nearby regional centers of Lohr am Main ( Bosch Rexroth AG), Karlstadt and Würzburg .

traffic

Rieneck has a stop on the Flieden – Gemünden railway line and is integrated into the district's public transport by bus . At the Rieneck-Sinnberg junction there is a connection between the Flieden – Gemünden line and the Hanover – Würzburg high-speed line . The distance to the next ICE stop is 50 km ( Würzburg main station ); The nearest airport, Frankfurt am Main Airport, is 100 km away.

Social

The Hohenroth district is located on the outskirts of Rieneck, but already on the outskirts of Gemünden am Main . The SOS village community Hohenroth settled here in 1978. (See here )

Sons and daughters

• Rudolf Kempf (1864–1943), architect and technical school teacher
• Josef Loth (1896–1970), Hessian politician
• Anton Schnack (1892–1973), writer
• Friedrich Schnack (1888–1977), writer
• Joseph Friedrich Treppner (1799–1860), Mayor of the City of Würzburg

Web links

Commons : Rieneck  - collection of images, videos and audio files

• Homepage of the city of Rieneck
• History of the County of Rieneck

• Private homepage about Rieneck (history, pictures, links)
• Rieneck . In: Meyers Konversations-Lexikon . 4th edition. Volume 13, Verlag des Bibliographisches Institut, Leipzig / Vienna 1885–1892, p. 823.
• Entry on Rieneck's coat of arms  in the database of the House of Bavarian History

• Rieneck: Official statistics of the LfStat

Individual evidence

1. ↑ "Data 2" sheet, Statistical Report A1200C 202041 Population of the municipalities, districts and administrative districts 1st quarter 2020 (population based on the 2011 census) ( help ).
2. ↑ Bavarian State Library Online .
3. ^ Peter Wanner: The Staufer-Castilian marriage pact of the year 1188. Findings on the occasion of some "small" district and community anniversaries in 2013 . In: Christhard Schrenk / Peter Wanner (eds.): Heilbronnica 6. Contributions to the city and regional history . Heilbronn 2016, pp. 453–460, here: pp. 458–459. PDF 366 kB.
4. ^ Uta Löwenstein: County Hanau. In: Knights, Counts and Prince - Secular Dominions in the Hessian Area approx. 900–1806 = Handbook of Hessian History 3 = Publications of the Historical Commission for Hesse 63. Marburg 2014. ISBN 978-3-942225-17-5 , p. 196 -230 (208).
5. ^ LG Würzburg, 23 August 1950 . In: Justice and Nazi crimes . Collection of German criminal judgments for Nazi homicides 1945–1966, Vol. VII, edited by Adelheid L Rüter-Ehlermann, HH Fuchs and CF Rüter . Amsterdam: University Press, 1971, No. 232, pp. 269–273 Archived copy ( Memento of the original dated February 28, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. 
6. ↑ Michael Fillies, Björn Kohlhepp: RIENECK: Five repressed murders by Rieneck. In: Main-Post , December 7, 2014, updated January 13, 2015
7. ↑ Michael Fillies: RIENECK: Rieneck memorial plaque half-heartedly decided. In: Main-Post , January 13, 2015
8. ↑ Farsin Behnam: Schwieriges Gedenken: The dispute over the memorial plaque in Rieneck ( Memento from April 2, 2015 in the Internet Archive ), contribution in the series Close-up in the Bayern 2 program of Bayerischer Rundfunk from March 27, 2015 ( mp3 ( Memento des original from April 2, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this note. , About 24MB, 27 minutes) 
9. ↑ Information on the Jewish community of Rieneck according to alemannia-judaica.de, as of January 18, 2015, accessed on April 1, 2015
10. ↑ Memorial sites for the victims of National Socialism. A documentation, volume 1. Federal Agency for Civic Education, Bonn 1995, ISBN 3-89331-208-0 , p. 189
11. ^ Bavarian State Office for Statistics