Suphan Buri (Province)

Suphan Buri
สุพรรณบุรี
statistics
Capital:	Suphan Buri
Telephone code:	035
Surface:	5,358.0 km² 40.
Residents:	844.590 (2009) 28.
Population density :	158 E / km² 20.
ISO 3166-2 :
Governor :
map

Seat of the Provincial Administration of Suphan Buri (Sala Changwat)

Suphan Buri ( Thai สุพรรณบุรี [ sùʔpʰān Buri ], as Suphanburi reproduced) is a province ( Changwat ) in the western central region of Thailand . The capital of the province of Suphan Buri is also called Suphan Buri .

origin of the name

The word suphan comes from the Sanskrit word suvarna ( Dhivehi सुवर्ण) and means "gold". Buri comes from the Sanskrit word purī (पुरी) and is translated as “city” or “place”. So Suphan Buri means gold city.

geography

Suphan Buri is located in the middle of the central plain of Thailand, which can be called the rice chamber of the country. In the north and outer west of the province, hilly foothills of the mountain ranges of the north rise. In the southeast on the Mae Nam Tha Chin (Tha Chin River) are the extensive rice-growing areas .

Bordering provinces:
north	Uthai Thani and Chai Nat
east	Sing Buri , Ang Thong and Ayutthaya
south	Nakhon Pathom
west	Kanchanaburi

Important cities

• U thong

Important rivers

• Mae Nam Tha Chin

climate

The climate is tropical - monsoonal .

population

The population consists predominantly of the Thai with a significant Chinese minority . More than 96% of the population are Buddhists . In addition, there are also descendants of the Lao Khrang laborers who were abducted by Siamese from Laos (the total number in Thailand is 53,000).

Economy and Importance

The province of Suphan Buri is one of the most intensively farmed areas in the country. It is considered the "rice bowl" of Thailand.

In 2008, the "Gross Provincial Product" (was GDP ) of the province 67.472 billion baht .

The minimum wage in the province of Suphan Buri is 233 Baht (about € 5.25; as of April 1, 2012).

Data

The table below shows the share of the economic sectors in the gross provincial product in percent:

Industry	2006	2007	2008	2009
Agriculture	30.8	31.4	36.2	32.8
Mining / open pit mining	04.9	04.9	04.4	03.8
Industry	17.2	16.3	15.7	18.7
Other	47.1	47.4	43.7	44.7

The following land use is documented for the province:

• Forest area: 384,192 Rai (614.7 km²), 11.5% of the total area
• Agricultural area: 2,121,425 Rai (3,394.3 km²), 63.3% of the total area
• Unclassified area: 843,138 rai (1,349.0 km²), 25.2% of the total area

The industry that made the greatest contribution to the province's economic output in 2011 was agriculture with 19.563 billion baht, followed by manufacturing with 15.804 billion baht and wholesale and retail with 6.972 billion baht.

history

Center of the Dvaravati culture

Khun Chang's house at Wat Palelai

There is an important archaeological excavation site in what is now Amphoe U Thong in the province of Suphan Buri. A town from the time of the Dvaravati culture must have been here. At the time she was probably known as Dvāravatī Sri Suvarnabhumi ( ทวาร วดี ศรีสุพรรณ ภูมิ or Bandhumburi พันธุ ม บุรี ). Here coins found on which a "Lord of Dvaravati" is mentioned, reinforced the thesis that the historical network of Buddhist countries of the Mon was called that way. The founding is dated between 877 and 882. The Thai prince and amateur historian of the late 19th century Damrong Rajanubhab put forward the thesis that this was the center of the legendary "gold country" Suvarnabhumi , which is mentioned in older Buddhist scriptures. Later this town was named after the founder of the Kingdom of Ayutthaya as U Thong named.

Thai principality and forerunner of Ayutthaya

With the expansion of the Khmer in the 12th century, today's Suphan Buri then became a provincial capital in their empire ruled from Angkor . By the 13th century at the latest, Suphan Buri (historically Suphannaphum ) became one of the first and, until the establishment of the Kingdom of Ayutthaya, one of the most important Thai principalities ( Müang ) in the Chao Phraya basin, today's central Thailand. It exercised supremacy over smaller Müang in its vicinity and thus dominated the western part of the Chao Phraya plain and the beginning of the Malay Peninsula, from Chai Nat in the north to Chumphon in the south. It also had close ties to Nakhon Si Thammarat , which is still further south . Its founders may have come from Suphan Buri and saw themselves, at least temporarily, as its vassals.

During the reign of King Ramkhamhaeng of Sukhothai (r. 1279–98), Suphan Buri was, at least formally, his vassal. At the same time, it continued to control its own tributaries itself. Shortly after the death of the charismatic Ramkhamhaeng and his son Lö Thai's accession to the throne , Suphan Buri broke away from Sukhothai, which led to a rapid shrinking of the sphere of influence of this empire. With its influence it was able to guarantee that the smaller Thai states west of the Chao Phraya (such as Ratchaburi , Phetchaburi , Kanchanaburi , Nakhon Pathom ) remained independent of the Khmer Empire of Angkor.

This made it - next to Lopburi, east of the Chao Phraya - a forerunner of the Ayutthaya kingdom founded in 1351. According to the chronicles, its founder U Thong was married to a princess of Suphan Buri. Before he seized power in Ayutthaya as Borommaracha I in 1370, his brother-in-law Pha Ngua was Prince of Suphan Buri. In his succession there were a number of kings of Ayutthaya who belonged to the Suphan-Buri (or Suphannaphum ) line, so traced their descent back to the royal house there. Pha Ngua / Boromaracha I. gave the city and the province its current name in the 14th century.

Siamese province

The province was an important defense bastion of Ayutthaya against the kingdom of Pegu , forerunner of today's Burma . In the vicinity of the city, in today's Don Chedi district , the place Nong Sarai is suspected, where the decisive battle against the troops of the Burmese Taungu Empire with the legendary elephant duel of King Naresuan against the Burmese heir to the throne took place in 1593 , as a result of which Siam fell from the Burmese supremacy dissolved.

During the reign of King Rama I (r. 1782-1809) a comprehensive tax system was introduced, including for alcohol. Suphan Buri was administered together with Samut Sakhon and Nakhon Chaisi . The French bishop Jean-Baptiste Pallegoix noted the settlements of Vietnamese fishermen and several thousand Laotians on his journey from Nakhon Chaisi to Suphan Buri . The province's main products were palm sugar , rice and fish.

Most recent time: "Banharn-buri"

The Chinese- born entrepreneur Banharn Silpa-archa , who was born in Suphan Buri, has built a reputation for himself as the “Godfather of Suphan Buri” since the 1970s. He had become a billionaire through his ventures in a wide variety of industries. In 1974 he went into politics. In Suphan Buri, he donated money for schools, bridges and other infrastructure projects, which in return were named after him. This led to the widespread statement that the province “belongs” to him and could also be called “Banharn-buri”. Banharn was regularly elected to parliament with more than 100,000 votes in his constituency, making him one of the most elected politicians in the country. In the 1980s he used his various government offices to prepare constituency gifts for his home province. Suphan Buri got one of the best-developed road networks and one of the most modern telephone systems in Thailand's provinces. In 2011, Suphan Buri, unlike its neighboring provinces, was largely spared the flood in Thailand, presumably because Banharn ordered the locks to be controlled accordingly.

Attractions

Victory Monument for King Naresuan the Great, Don Chedi district

(See also Suphan Buri )

• Wat Suwannaphum (Wat Klang or Wat Mai, Thai: วัด สุวรรณภูมิ ) - from the 13th century
• Suphan Buri National Museum - in the city of Suphan Buri
• National Rice Farmer Museum - in Suphan Buri city
• Pu Toei National Park - located in the Amphoe Dan Chang , 317 km² park with the 1123 meter high Tewada Mountain (Thai: ยอด เขา เทวดา ) on the watershed between Suphan Buri and Kanchanaburi

Symbols

The seal of the province shows the famous battle on elephants between King Naresuan the Great and the Crown Prince of Burma in 1592.

The local tree is ebony ( Diospyros mollis ).

The motto of Suphan Buri Province is:

The great elephant battle of King Naresuan took place here,
An often-told story of Thai literature ,
Known for miniature portraits of the Buddha ,
The city's agriculture is in steady progress,
The city of scholars, artists and historical places,
The province in which the attractive Dialects are spoken.

Administrative units

Provincial Administration

The province is divided into 10 amphea ('districts' or 'counties'). These are further subdivided into 110 tambon ('sub-districts' or 'parishes') and 977 muban ('villages').

No. Amphoe (circles) Thai surface Residents 1 Mueang Suphan Buri อำเภอ เมือง สุพรรณบุรี 540.9 km² 158.087 2 Doem Bang Nang Buat   อำเภอ เดิมบางนางบวช 552.3 km² 77,804 3 Dan Chang อำเภอ ด่านช้าง 1,193.6 km² 64,416 4th Bang Pla Ma อำเภอ บางปลาม้า 481.3 km² 86,947 5 Si Prachan อำเภอ ศรีประจันต์ 181.0 km² 64.995 6th Don Chedi อำเภอ ดอนเจดีย์ 252.1 km² 41,157 7th Song Phi Nong อำเภอ สองพี่น้อง 750.4 km² 126.905 8th Sam Chuk อำเภอ สามชุก 355.9 km² 58,223 9 U thong อำเภอ อู่ทอง 630.3 km² 111,696 10 Nong Ya Sai อำเภอ หนอง หญ้า ไซ 420.2 km² 49,894

Map of the Amphoe

Local administration

A provincial administrative organization ( บริหาร ส่วน จังหวัด , อบ จ for short , Ongkan Borihan suan Changwat ; English Provincial Administrative Organization , PAO) exists for the entire area of ​​the province .

There are two "cities" ( เทศบาล เมือง - Thesaban Mueang ) in the province : Song Phi Nong ( เทศบาล เมือง สองพี่น้อง ) and Suphan Buri ( เทศบาล เมือง สุพรรณบุรี ). There are also 32 “small towns” ( เทศบาล ตำบล - Thesaban Tambon ) and 100 tambon administrative organizations.

literature

• Barend Jan Terwiel : Trough Travelers' Eyes: an approach to nineteenth century Thai history . Duang Kamol, Bangkok 1989, ISBN 974-210-455-7 .
• Thailand in Figures , Vol.II: Region and Province . 16th edition 2012–2013. Alpha Research, Nonthaburi (Thailand) 2012, ISBN 978-616-7256-12-6

Web links

Commons : Suphanburi  - collection of pictures, videos and audio files

• Overview map of the province (names in English and Thai) accessed on November 5, 2013
• Information about Suphan Buri Province - Tourism Authority of Thailand TAT website

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Pascale M. Phélinas: Sustainability of Rice Production in Thailand. Nova, New York 2001, pp. Xxi.
2. ↑ ^{a b c} Thailand in Figures (2012), p. 141
3. ↑ "Industry" includes: Manufacturing; Electricity, gas and water supply; Construction
4. ^ "Others" include: Wholesale and retail trade; Hotels and restaurants; Transport, storage and communication; Real estate; Education; Health and social work, ...
5. ^ Gross Provincial Product at Current Market Prices: Western Provinces, National Economic and Social Development Board, 2011.
6. ^ Wyatt: Thailand. A short history. 2004, p. 18.
7. ^ The Siam Society: Miscellaneous Articles Written for the JSS by His Late Highness Prince Damrong . The Siam Society, Bangkok, BE 1962.
8. ^ Wyatt: Thailand. A short history. 2004, p. 22.
9. ^ Wyatt: Thailand. A short history. 2004, pp. 44-45, 48, 53-54, 56-58.
10. ↑ Terwiel (1989), p. 73
11. ↑ Terwiel (1989), p. 101
12. ^ Yoshinori Nishizaki: Political Authority and Provincial Identity in Thailand. The Making of Banharn-buri. Cornell Southeast Asia Program, Ithaca NY 2011.
13. ↑ Sakkarin Niyomsilpa: The Political Economy of Telecommunications Reforms in Thailand. Pinter, 2000, p. 57.
14. ^ The suffering continues as politicians play game: Thailand. ( Memento of the original from December 8, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The  archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Asia One, October 6, 2011.
15. ↑ Population statistics 2012 . Department of Provincial Administration. Retrieved May 1, 2014.

Coordinates: 14 ° 28 '  N , 100 ° 7'  E