Chiang Rai (Province)

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Chiang Rai
เชียงราย
Seal of Chiang Rai Province
statistics
Capital: Chiang Rai
Telephone code: 053
Surface: 11,678.4 km²
12.
Residents: 1,194,933 (2009)
14.
Population density : 102 E / km²
50.
ISO 3166-2 :
Governor : Prachon Pratsakun (ประจญ ป รัช ญ์ สกุล)
map
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About this picture

Chiang Rai ( Thai : เชียงราย , spoken: [ tɕʰiaŋ˧raːj˧ ]) is a province ( Changwat ) in the northern region of Thailand . The capital of Chiang Rai Province is also called Chiang Rai .

geography

Chiang Rai is the northernmost province of the country in the middle of a wild mountain landscape. The average altitude is 580 meters.

The province is about 850 kilometers north of the capital Bangkok .

Adjacent provinces and areas:
north Land border with Myanmar (Burma) and Laos
east National border with Laos
south Phayao and Lampang
west Chiang Mai

Important cities

Mae Chan , Mae Salong (also Santikhiri), Mae Sai , Chiang Khong and Chiang Saen

Important rivers

Maenam Kok , Maenam Sai

climate

Due to the altitude, the climate is moderately tropical - monsoonal . Average temperatures range from 12 ° C at night (January) to 35 ° C during the day (April). The maximum temperature in 2009 was 37.5 ° C, the lowest temperature was measured at 8.7 ° C. In the same year, there was 1,625.0 mm of precipitation on 117 rainy days  .

Chiang Rai
Climate diagram
J F. M. A. M. J J A. S. O N D.
 
 
11
 
28
12
 
 
12
 
31
13
 
 
24
 
34
17th
 
 
93
 
35
20th
 
 
209
 
33
22nd
 
 
187
 
32
23
 
 
317
 
31
23
 
 
368
 
31
23
 
 
280
 
31
22nd
 
 
132
 
30th
21st
 
 
56
 
28
17th
 
 
18th
 
27
13
Temperature in ° C ,  precipitation in mm
Source: World Meteorological Organization
Climate Chiang Rai
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
Max. Temperature ( ° C ) 28.2 31.1 33.8 34.9 33.1 32.0 31.0 30.8 30.8 30.1 28.4 26.7 O 30.9
Min. Temperature (° C) 12.2 13.1 16.5 20.3 22.3 23.3 23.2 23.0 22.4 20.7 17.1 13.0 O 18.9
Precipitation ( mm ) 11.2 12.2 23.6 93.3 208.7 186.5 316.6 367.7 279.8 131.6 56.1 17.5 Σ 1,704.8
Rainy days ( d ) 1.6 1.3 2.9 10.0 17.8 18.4 22.5 23.3 17.6 11.2 5.0 2.0 Σ 133.6
T
e
m
p
e
r
a
t
u
r
28.2
12.2
31.1
13.1
33.8
16.5
34.9
20.3
33.1
22.3
32.0
23.3
31.0
23.2
30.8
23.0
30.8
22.4
30.1
20.7
28.4
17.1
26.7
13.0
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
N
i
e
d
e
r
s
c
h
l
a
g 		11.2
12.2
23.6
93.3
208.7
186.5
316.6
367.7
279.8
131.6
56.1
17.5
  Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
and display information about the image
Panorama picture Doi Phu Chee Fa

Economy and Importance

The provincial capital is the trading center for goods of all kinds. A specialty is the cultivation of lychee , which was introduced from southern China around 1830.

In 2009, the "Gross Provincial Product" (was GDP ) of the province of 65,974 million baht . The minimum wage in the province is 232 baht per day (around € 5).

Data

The table below shows the share of the economic sectors in the gross provincial product in percent:

Industry 2006 2007 2008 2009
Agriculture 27.3 27.5 29.4 29.6
Industry 4.2 7.6 12.1 16.0
Other 68.5 64.9 58.5 54.4

Land use

The following land use is documented for the province:

  • Forest area: 3,227,888 Rai (5,164.6 km²), 44.2% of the total area
  • Agricultural area: 2,163,449 Rai (3,461.5 km²), 29.6% of the total area
  • Unclassified area: 1,907,644 Rai (3,052.2 km²), 26.1% of the total area

traffic

Airport

Chiang Rai Airport

Bus transport

  • Chiang Rai Bus Terminal
  • Phan Bus Terminal
  • Mae Sai Bus Terminal

Educational institutions

Health facilities

  • Overbrook Hospital, Chiang Rai
  • Chiang Rai Pracha Nu Khro Hospital, Chiang Rai
  • Sri Burin Hospital, Chiang Rai

history

First, Chiang Rai belonged to the Lan Na kingdom , the land of millions of fields . The provincial capital was founded by King Mangrai in 1262 and remained the capital of his empire for 30 years.

For a long time Chiang Rai belonged to Burma , and only King Rama I reunited the area with Siam (1786). Cities like Chiang Saen were destroyed, but later rebuilt.

The province has existed since 1910.

Again and again, light to moderate earthquakes shake the Chiang Rai area. On March 24, 2011, near the town of Tali in northern Burma, an earthquake measuring 6.8 on the Richter scale took place in which a woman was killed by a collapsing wall.

population

The majority population of the province is made up of Tai Yuan (or "Northern Thais", own name Khon Müang ). Officials do not regard these as an ethnic minority, but as Thai . According to the language data from the 2000 census, just over 12% of the population are members of the so-called hill tribes , mainly Yao , Akha , Karen , Hmong and Lisu . A clear increase can be seen here compared to 1990, when only 3.4% stated that they speak one of the languages ​​of the mountain peoples. The proportion of residents without Thai citizenship has increased from 0.5% (1990) to 8% (2000), the proportion of Buddhists has decreased from 95.1% (1990) to 90.6% (2000).

Attractions

Golden triangle
Wat Pa Sak
  • Wat Prathat Doi Tung - Buddhist temple complex ( Wat ) at Ban Huai Krai, which has existed since 911. A relic of the Buddha is said to be housed here, so the temple is considered the most sacred in the region. There is also a fantastic view of the surrounding mountains and you can see Buddha statues, which are among the oldest in Thailand.
  • Stalactite cave - at Tham Luang , the caves extend 7 km into the mountain (see also rescue operation in the Tham Luang cave )
  • Sop Ruak ( Golden Triangle ) - the confluence of the Mekong and the Maenam Sai . The west bank of the Mekong belongs to Thailand, the east bank to Laos and the triangle between Mekong and Sai to Myanmar .
  • Chiang Saen - Ancient city (with excavation site and a museum), which was probably founded between the 6th and 8th centuries. Destroyed during battles with the Khmer in the 11th century, it was rebuilt around 1325 . Its heyday lasted until 1558.

coat of arms

The coat of arms shows a white elephant, the symbol of the royal family. It is a reminder that Chiang Rai was founded by King Mangrai, supposedly because his favorite elephant was so comfortable here.

The local tree is the jasmine ( Radermachera ignea ), the local flower is the fire tendril (or flame wine) ( Pyrostegia venusta ) .

Pyrostegia venusta

The motto of Chiang Rai Province is:

"The northernmost part of the country,
Doi Tung is the city's high mountain peak,
The land of sweet travel , sweet lychees ,
Pineapple from Nang Lae and tasty teas ,
Preserving the culture, with beautiful women everywhere. "

In Thai: เหนือ สุด ใน สยาม อร่าม ดอย ตุง ผดุง วัฒนธรรม รส ล้ำ ข้าวสาร หอม หวาน ลิ้นจี่ สตรี โสภา โสภา ชา เลิศ รส สัปปะ รด นาง แล

Administrative units

Provincial Administration

The province is divided into 18 districts ( Amphoe ) . The districts are further subdivided into 124 parishes ( tambon ) and 1510 villages ( muban ) .

No. Amphoe Thai   No. Amphoe Thai
01 Amphoe Mueang Chiang Rai อำเภอ เมือง เชียงราย 10 Mae Suai district อำเภอ แม่สรวย
02 Wiang Chai district อำเภอ เวียงชัย 11 Wiang Pa Pao district อำเภอ เวียงป่าเป้า
03 Chiang Khong district อำเภอ เชียงของ 12 Phaya Mengrai district อำเภอ พญา เม็ง ราย
04th Amphoe Thoeng อำเภอ เทิง 13 Wiang Kaen district อำเภอ เวียง แก่น
05 Amphoe Phan อำเภอ พาน 14th Amphoe Khun Tan อำเภอ ขุน ตาล
06th Pa Daet district อำเภอ ป่าแดด 15th Mae Fa Luang district อำเภอ แม่ ฟ้า หลวง
07th Mae Chan district อำเภอ แม่จัน 16 Mae Lao district อำเภอ แม่ ลาว
08th Chiang Saen Amphoe อำเภอ เชียงแสน 17th Wiang Chiang Rung district อำเภอ เวียง เชียง รุ้ง
09 Mae Sai district อำเภอ แม่สาย 18th Doi Luang district อำเภอ ดอย หลวง
Outline map of the Amphoe

Local administration

A provincial administrative organization ( บริหาร ส่วน จังหวัด , อบ จ for short , Ongkan Borihan suan Changwat ; English Provincial Administrative Organization , PAO) exists for the entire area of ​​the province .

In the province there is a "big city" ( เทศบาล นคร - Thesaban Nakhon ): Chiang Rai ( เทศบาล นคร เชียงราย ). There are also 33 small towns ( เทศบาล ตำบล - Thesaban Tambon ).

literature

  • Thailand in Figures, Vol.II: Region and Province . 16th edition 2012-2013, Alpha Research Co., Ltd., Nonthaburi, Thailand 2012, ISBN 978-616-7256-12-6

Web links

Commons : Chiang Rai  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ CAVE RESCUE LEADER KEEPS POST AS NEW GOV. TAKES OVER . Khao Sod . "Prachon Pratsakun, who formally replaced Narongsak Osottanakorn yesterday in a government order that displeased many on social media, [...]"
  2. ↑ a b c Thailand in Figures (2012), p. 229.
  3. ↑ Southeast Asia: Dozens of dead in quake in Burma - SPIEGEL ONLINE (last accessed on March 24, 2011)
  4. ↑ Key indicators of the population and households, Population and Housing Census 1990 and 2000: Chiang Rai
  5. ↑ Department of Provincial Administration : As of 2012 (in Thai)

Coordinates: 19 ° 54 '  N , 99 ° 54'  E