Roi Et (province)
| Roi Et | |
|---|---|
| ร้อยเอ็ด | |
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| statistics | |
| Capital: | Roi Et |
| Telephone code: | 043 |
| Surface: |
8,299.4 km² 23. |
| Residents: |
1,308,159 (2009) 10. |
| Population density : | 159 E / km² 23. |
| ISO 3166-2 : | TH-45 |
| Governor : | |
| map | |
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Roi Et ( Thai : ร้อยเอ็ด ) is a province ( Changwat ) in the northeast region of Thailand , the Isan . The capital of the province of Roi Et is also called Roi Et .
The name Roi Et means "101" and is an exaggerated reference to the original eleven suburbs of the provincial capital.
geography
The province lies in the middle of a wide and flat plateau, the Khorat plateau . It has no natural water resources of its own. In the hot season the land dries up, while the rainy season is accompanied by heavy flooding.
The average altitude of the country is 150 meters above sea level. Three rivers run through the province from the north. At the confluence of the Mae Nam Chi (Chi River) and Mae Nam Mun (Mun River) rivers , a huge reservoir is being created that will serve to irrigate the agricultural areas.
| Neighboring provinces: | |
|---|---|
| north | Kalasin |
| east | Mukdahan and Yasothon |
| south | Si Sa Ket and Surin |
| west | Maha Sarakham |
Important cities
Important rivers
- Mae Nam Yang (Yang River) , Mae Nam Mun and Mae Nam Chi
climate
The climate is tropical - monsoonal with a lower number of rainy days (around 120 per year) than in the rest of the country. The maximum temperature in 2009 was 36.2 ° C, the lowest temperature was measured at 13.2 ° C. In the same year, 1305.0 mm of precipitation fell on 106 rainy days .
population
The majority of the province's population is of Lao descent. There are also minorities from Khmer , Kuy , Phu Thai and Nyaw .
Economy and Importance
The main income is generated by agriculture . With energetic measures one tries to develop the fertile land with irrigation projects. Spiritus rector is King Bhumibol Adulyadej (Rama IX.) , Who personally took care of the possibilities and progress.
The "Gross Provincial Product" ( GDP ) of the province in 2011 was 55.116 billion baht , equivalent to 40,371 baht per inhabitant. The minimum wage in the province has been 166 baht per day (around € 4) since January 1, 2011.
Data
The table below shows the share of the economic sectors in the gross provincial product in percent:
| Industry | 2006 | 2007 | 2008 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Agriculture | 17.3 | 17.8 | 15.5 |
| Industry | 11.3 | 13.5 | 14.9 |
| Other | 71.4 | 68.7 | 69.6 |
The industry that contributed the most to the province's economic output in 2011 was agriculture with 10.601 billion baht, followed by education with 10.346 baht and manufacturing with 8.239 billion baht.
Land use
The following land use is documented for the province:
- Forest area: 319,191 Rai (200 km²), 6.2% of the total area
- Agricultural area: 4,010,827 Rai (2,507 km²), 77.3% of the total area
- Unclassified area: 857,138 rai (536 km²), 16.5% of the total area
The province of Roi Et has a total of 865 wetlands with an area of 42.5 km², which are used more or less intensively for agriculture .
The area of Thung Kula Rong Hai (literally "the weeping fields of the Kula", an ancient nomadic tribe) is being transformed into fertile farmland all year round. This is around 400,000 hectares spread over the provinces of Surin, Maha Sarakham, Buriram and Roi Et.
traffic
The main highway that runs through the province is National Road 23. To the west it leads through Maha Sarakham to Khon Kaen , where it joins Thanon Mittraphap (National Road 2). To the east it leads through Yasothon to Ubon Ratchathani .
Airport
Regional airport Roi Et (ICAO code: VTUV)
history
People lived on the Khorat Plateau as early as prehistoric times, as evidence of settlement shows. Under the Khmer , today's Roi Et (an older name is Sageta Nagara ) was an important center of the kingdom of Angkor from the 10th century , as the numerous archaeological remains of the Khmer culture attest. Later, the Tai peoples (ancestors of the Thai and Lao ) immigrated and founded one of their Müang (city-states) here . The name Roi Et is derived from Roi Et Pratu , which in turn is an abbreviation of Müang Roi Et Chet Pratu ("Hundred and one (Müang), seven goals"), an (exaggerated) allusion to the large number of downstream Müang and the seven city gates . According to Lao chronicles, the Lao prince Fa Ngum , founder of the kingdom of Lan Xang , tried several times in the mid-14th century to take Roi Et. In the 16th and 17th centuries there was a large wave of Lao migrants from the Mekong Valley to the region.
In the 18th century a Laotian prince emigrated with his followers from Champasak , then in 1782 in the area of today's Suwannaphum district (named after the legendary "gold country" Suvarnabhumi , the Laotian name at the time was Müang Thong , which also means "gold town") settle down. Roi Et thus belonged to the sphere of influence of the Kingdom of Champasak. Under Rama I (Phra Phutthayotfa Chulalok), Roi Et was then brought under control of Bangkok through the efforts of the then governor of Khorat and made a Siamese province.
After the Thesaphiban reform of King Rama V (Chulalongkorn) at the end of the 19th century, which was supposed to increase the control of central power over the outer provinces, the province of Roi Et belonged to the Monthon (district) Lao Kao. This was renamed Monthon Isan (Northeast Monthon) in 1900 in order to cover up the reference to the ethnic independence of the Lao. In 1912 the Monthon was divided into two parts: Ubon Ratchathani and Roi Et. The Monthon were abolished after the end of the absolute monarchy in 1932. All provinces are now directly subordinate to the central government.
See also: History of Thailand and corresponding entry in Roi Et
Attractions
- Ku Ka Sing - remnants of the kingdom of Angkor from the 11th century with prangs made of sandstone and an old enclosure wall ( Amphoe Kaset Wisai )
- The statue Phra Phuttharattana Mongkhon Maha Muni in front of the Wat Burapha Phiram temple in Roi Et is the tallest Buddha statue in Thailand and one of the tallest in the world
- National parks:
- Pha Nam Yoi Forest Park ( ผา น้ำ ย้อย หรือ พุทธ อุทยาน อีสาน ) - in the north of the province in Amphoe Nong Phok , with cliffs and waterfall; on the mountain is a large wat with a 101 meter high chedi . The Phra Maha Chedi Chai Mongkhon is one of the largest in Thailand.
Symbols
The seal shows a Buddhist temple ( Wat ) , which was built on an island in the artificial lake Phalan Chai in the provincial capital. The local tree is the purple loosestrife ( Lagerstroemia macrocarpa Wall., In Thai: In Tha Nin ).
The motto of the province of Roi Et is:
- Roi Et, the gem of the northeast,
- The Phalan Chai Reservoir is large and popular,
- Famous for the largest standing Buddha image
- in the overwhelming Thung Kula landscape,
- The land of beautiful women and high quality silk ,
- The religious festival Bun Phawt is still there.
Administrative units
Provincial Administration
The province is divided into 20 districts ( Amphoe ) . The districts are in turn divided into 193 municipalities ( tambon ) and 2311 villages ( muban ) .
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Local administration
A provincial administrative organization ( บริหาร ส่วน จังหวัด , อบ จ for short , Ongkan Borihan suan Changwat ; English Provincial Administrative Organization , PAO) exists for the entire area of the province .
The province also has 66 thesaban ('communes') - including a "city" (the provincial capital) and 65 "small towns" - and 137 tambon administrative organizations.
literature
- Thailand in Figures 2011 . 13th edition. Alpha Research, Nonthaburi, 2011, ISBN 978-616752603-4 .
Web links
- Overview map of Roi Et Province (names in English and Thai) accessed on November 14, 2013
Individual evidence
- ^ A b Gross Provincial Product at Current Market Prices: Northeastern Provinces, National Economic and Social Development Board, 2011.
- ↑ a b Thailand in Figures (2011), p. 331.
- ↑ Edmund JV Oh, Blake D. Ratner, Simon Bush, Komathi Kolandai and Terence Y. Too (eds.): Wetlands Governance in the Mekong Region: country reports on the legal-institutional framework and economic valuation of aquatic resources . 2005.
- ^ Marc Askew, Colin Long, William Logan: Vientiane. Transformations of a Lao Landscape. Routledge, Abingdon / New York 2007, pp. 30, 46.
- ↑ Askew, Long, Logan: Vientiane. Transformations of a Lao Landscape. 2007, p. 37.
- ↑ Askew, Long, Logan: Vientiane. Transformations of a Lao Landscape. 2007, p. 65.
- ↑ Volker Grabowsky : The Isan up to its Integration in the Siamese State. In: Regions and National Integration in Thailand, 1892-1992. Harrassowitz Verlag, Wiesbaden 1995, p. 107
- ↑ Information on Pha Nam Yoi ( Memento from July 14, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) - Website of the Tourism Authority of Thailand (in English)
North : Chiang Mai | Chiang Rai | Kamphaeng Phet | Lampang | Lamphun | Mae Hong Son | Nakhon Sawan | Nan | Phayao | Phetchabun | Phichit | Phitsanulok | Phrae | Sukhothai | Tak | Uthai Thani | Uttaradit
Northeast : Amnat Charoen | Bueng Kan | Buri Ram | Chaiyaphum | Kalasin | Khon Kaen | Loei | Maha Sarakham | Mukdahan | Nakhon Phanom | Nakhon Ratchasima | Nong Bua Lam Phu | Nong Khai | Roi Et | Sakon Nakhon | Si Sa Ket | Surin | Ubon Ratchathani | Udon Thani | Yasothon
Central : Ang Thong | Ayutthaya | Bangkok | Chachoengsao | Chai Nat | Chanthaburi | Chon Buri | Kanchanaburi | Lop Buri | Nakhon Nayok | Nakhon Pathom | Nonthaburi | Pathum Thani | Phetchaburi | Prachin Buri | Prachuap Khiri Khan | Ratchaburi | Rayong | Sa Kaeo | Samut Prakan | Samut Sakhon | Samut Songkhram | Saraburi | Sing Buri | Suphan Buri | Stepped
South : Chumphon | Krabi | Nakhon Si Thammarat | Narathiwat | Pattani | Phang-nga | Phatthalung | Phuket | Ranong | Satun | Songkhla | Surat Thani | Trang | Yala
Coordinates: 16 ° 3 ' N , 103 ° 39' E