Nan (province)

Nan
น่าน
statistics
Capital:	Nan
Telephone code:	054
Surface:	11,472.1 km² 13.
Residents:	475,614 (2009) 58.
Population density :	43 E / km² 73.
ISO 3166-2 :
Governor :	Phongsak Wangsamoe
map

Wat Ming Mueang with the city pillar ( Lak Müang ) of Nan

Nan ( Thai : น่าน ) is a province ( Changwat ) in northern Thailand . The capital of the province is also called Nan .

geography

Landscape in Nan Province

Nan is a province in the middle of the mountains of the north. Numerous river valleys crisscross the heights and offer space for the members of the hill tribes . The province is located about 670 kilometers north of the state capital Bangkok .

Neighboring provinces and areas:
north	National border with Laos
east	National border with Laos
south	Uttaradit
west	Phrae and Phayao

climate

The climate is tropical - monsoonal , but not as hot as most other parts of the country. The maximum temperature in 2009 was 41.2 ° C, the lowest temperature was measured at 6.7 ° C. On 107 rainy days in the same year, 1,095.3  mm of precipitation fell.

topography

The area of ​​Nan is mountainous with the Phi Pan Nam Mountains in the western part and the Luang Prabang mountain range in the eastern part. The highest point in the province is the 2,079 meter high Doi Phu Kha in Amphoe Pua near the border with Laos.

population

In the early years of the empires of the north of Thailand, it was common for workers to be obtained on forays. Under King Rama I (r. 1782 to 1809), the northern region of Siam was seen as a protective belt against the Burmese.

The majority population in this province belongs to the Tai Yuan group (own name Khon Müang ). Other resident groups are the Tai Lü , the Phuan , the Tai Khün and the Shan . According to the language data of the 2000 census, around 10.5% of the population are members of the “ hill tribes ”, including the Hmong , who immigrated to northern Thailand at the beginning of the 20th century .

Economy and Importance

Rice field near Nan

Villagers fishing on the Nan River

In 2009, the "Gross Provincial Product", which amounted to gross domestic product of the province, 23.174 billion baht . The official minimum wage in the province is 225 baht per day (around € 4, as of April 1, 2012).

Data

The table below shows the shares of the economic sectors in the gross provincial product in percent:

Industry	2006	2007	2008	2009
Agriculture	29.2	31.7	36.3	35.8
Industry	12.1	12.3	11.2	09.7
Other	58.7	56.0	52.5	54.5

The industry that made the greatest contribution to the province's economic output in 2011 was agriculture with 6.756 billion baht, followed by education with 3.069 billion baht, administration, defense and social security with 2.667 billion baht and wholesale and retail with 2.331 billion baht.

Land use

The following land use is documented for the province:

• Forest area: 5,103,552 Rai (8,165.7 km²), 71.2% of the total area
• Agricultural area: 792,599 Rai (1,268.2 km²), 11.1% of the total area
• Unclassified area: 1,273,894 Rai (2,038.2 km²), 17.8% of the total area

The province is still relatively underdeveloped due to its isolated location. The citrus fruits are praised for their extremely good taste.

traffic

Airport

• Nan (code NNT)

history

For centuries, Nan was independent of the surrounding areas with weak connections to the Lao rulers in Vientiane . For a short time it belonged to the Sukhothai Kingdom and after its decline in the 15th century it became a vassal of the northern kingdom of Lan Na (land of millions of fields) . Lan Na came under Burmese rule, but Nan tried several times to free himself from their rule. This resulted in Burma taking direct control from 1714.

In 1788 the new ruler of Siam, King Rama I (Phra Phutthayotfa Chulalok) conquered the north and also brought Nan into his sphere of influence. After the Pak-Nam incident in 1893, Siam had to cede part of the eastern area of ​​Nan to French Indochina . In 1899 Nan lost its autonomy like other principalities of the north and was subordinated to the Siamese central administration as part of the Monthon Phayap ("Northwest"). From 1915 the province belonged to the Monthon Maharat . The last prince of Nan - in the end only a ceremonial office - Chao Mahaphrom died in 1931. The Monthon level was abolished again in 1932, since then the provinces have been directly subordinate to the central government.

In the 1960s and 70s in the area fighting between the Thai army and the found the Communist Party of Thailand joined the People's Liberation Army of Thailand (People's Liberation Army Thailand, PLAT) instead. Government forces defeated the insurgents in the early 1980s.

Attractions

Phra That Chae Haeng

For sights in the city of Nan itself, see there . Outside the city:

• Wat Phra That Chae Haeng (Thai: วัด พระ ธาตุ แช่ แห้ง ) - more than 600 years old Buddhist temple complex ( Wat ) in Amphoe Phu Phiang with a 55 m high gilded Chedi from the Sukhothai period , which is said to contain a relic. Also worth seeing is the traditional Naga headstones at viharn .
• Wat Nong Bua (Thai: วัด หนองบัว ) - located in Amphoe Pua, is a Buddhist temple complex (Wat) in the Lan-Na style, with beautiful wall paintings.
• Sila Phet Waterfall (Thai: น้ำตก ศิลา เพชร ) - located in Amphoe Pua, with a beautiful arboretum and interesting caves.
• Sao Din (Thai: เสา ดิน นาน้อย ) - Canyon landscape
• Tham Pa Tup (Thai: วนอุทยาน ถ้ำ ผา ตูบ ) - Nature reserve (forest park)
• National parks :
  • Doi Phu Kha (Thai: อุทยานแห่งชาติ ดอย ภู คา ) - with the rare tree Chom Pu Phu Kha ( Bretschneidera sinensis Hemsl.)
  • Khun Nan (Thai: อุทยานแห่งชาติ ขุน น่าน )
  • Khun Sathan (Thai: อุทยานแห่งชาติ ขุน สถาน )
  • Mae Charim (Thai: อุทยานแห่งชาติ แม่จริม )
  • Nanthaburi (Thai: อุทยานแห่งชาติ นันท บุรี )
  • Si Nan (Thai: อุทยานแห่งชาติ ศรี น่าน )
  • Tham Sakoen (Thai: อุทยานแห่งชาติ ถ้ำ สะ เกิน )

Symbols

The seal shows the Usuparach bull wearing the Prathat Chae Haeng chedi . The local plant is the orchid tree ( Bauhinia variegata ).

The motto of Nan Province is:

"The Prathat Chae Haeng Shrine and Annual Boat Races,

The city of black ivory and the murals of Wat Phumin ,

the Na Noi mounds of earth,

Phu Kha a place for trekking ,

The land of Nam Lai textile - or flowing water weaving mills,

The mafai fruit is pleasant to taste,

Acquisition of all kinds of silver, rattan and wicker goods,

Golden mandarins grow here in large numbers. "

Administrative units

Provincial Administration

Nan Province is divided into 15 Amphoe ('districts' or 'counties'). These are further divided into 99 tambon ('subdistricts' or 'municipalities') and 848 muban ('villages')

No. Amphoe Thai 1 Mueang Nan district ( อำเภอ เมือง น่าน ) 2 Mae Charim district ( อำเภอ แม่จริม ) 3 Ban Luang district ( อำเภอ บ้านหลวง ) 4th Na Noi district ( อำเภอ นาน้อย ) 5 Amphoe Pua ( อำเภอ ปัว ) 6th Amphoe Tha Wang Pha ( อำเภอ ท่าวังผา ) 7th Amphoe Wiang Sa ( อำเภอ เวียง สา ) 8th Thung Chang District ( อำเภอ ทุ่งช้าง ) 9 Chiang Klang Amphoe ( อำเภอ เชียงกลาง ) 10 Amphoe Na Muen ( อำเภอ นา หมื่น ) 11 Amphoe Santi Suk ( อำเภอ สันติสุข ) 12 Bo Kluea district ( อำเภอ บ่อ เกลือ ) 13 Song Khwae district ( อำเภอ สอง แคว ) 14th Phu Phiang District ( อำเภอ ภู เพียง ) 15th Chaloem Phra Kiat ( อำเภอ เฉลิมพระเกียรติ )

Administrative units of Nan Province

Local administration

A provincial administrative organization ( Thai องค์การ บริหาร ส่วน จังหวัด , short อบ จ. , Ongkan Borihan suan Changwat ; English Provincial Administrative Organization , PAO) exists for the entire area of ​​the province .

The province also has 19 thesaban ('communes') - including a "city" (the provincial capital) and 18 "small towns" - and 80 tambon administrative organizations.

Individual evidence

1. ↑ CV of the responsible Employee (in Thai)
2. ↑ Key indicators of the population and households, Population and Housing Census 1990 and 2000: Nan
3. ↑ ^{a b c} Thailand in Figures (2012), p. 245
4. ↑ "Industry" includes: mining and quarrying of stones and earth, manufacturing, supply of electricity, gas and water, construction.
5. ↑ Among other things: Wholesale and retail, hospitality, transport, logistics and communication, real estate, education, healthcare and social work ...
6. ^ Gross Provincial Product at Current Market Prices: Northern Provinces, National Economic and Social Development Board, 2011.

literature

• Thailand in Figures, Vol.II: Region and Province . 16th edition 2012-2013, Alpha Research Co., Ltd., Nonthaburi, Thailand 2012, ISBN 978-616-7256-12-6

Web links

Commons : Nan  - collection of images, videos and audio files

• Provincial Administration website (in Thai)
• Nan Province Information - Tourism Authority of Thailand TAT website
• Overview map of the province (names in English and Thai) [last accessed on November 10, 2013]

Coordinates: 18 ° 46 '  N , 100 ° 47'  E