Vach (Fuerth)

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Vach
City of Fürth
Vach coat of arms
Coordinates: 49 ° 31 ′ 37 ″  N , 10 ° 58 ′ 2 ″  E
Height : 285 m above sea level NHN
Residents : 2815  (May 25 1987)
Incorporation : July 1, 1972
Postal code : 90768
Area code : 0911
Vach aerial photo (2020)
Vach aerial photo (2020)

Vach (colloquially: "Fach") is a district of the independent city of Fürth in Middle Franconia .

geography

The Vach district is located five kilometers north of the historic Fürth city core directly under the approach path of the Nuremberg airport . The Main-Danube Canal runs to the west and the Regnitz, which meanders freely there, to the east . This receives the Zenn as a receiving water from the left and the Michelbach just a few hundred meters north before it reaches the Fürth art mill . The Zenn and Regnitz floodplains are designated as a landscape protection area. Immediately north of Vach is the Erlangen district of Hüttendorf .

history

From the first mention to the Reformation

The place was first mentioned as "Uuache" when the Eichstätter Bishop Gundekar II (1057-1075) consecrated the church in the place. The place name Vach is derived from the term "vach" ( mhd. ) For a device for damming water that was used for fishing. For a long time the place belonged to the parish of Zirndorf , but due to its increasing population it was raised to an independent parish in 1422. In addition to the main town, Flexdorf and Ritzmannshof also belonged to the parish district.

On July 4th, 1449 Vach was burned down in the First Margrave War . The beams of the choir roof structure could be dated to the year 1404 by means of dendrochronological studies. This suggests that the fortified church of St. Matthew was spared.

With the introduction of the Reformation in the Margraviate of Brandenburg-Ansbach under Margrave Georg the Pious of Ansbach , Evangelical Lutheran teaching was also introduced in Vach in 1528. The first Protestant clergyman in town was Friedrich Scheffer.

The year the Vacher School was founded is not known. The sacristan Friedrich Schmidt, first mentioned in 1533, could, however, be the first schoolmaster . The first reliable evidence of a schoolmaster and thus the existence of a school is documented for the year 1609, when Ludwig Zettwach was accepted as sacristan and schoolmaster.

In the Thirty Years War

The Thirty Years' War and its consequences were already felt in the first years of the war in the vicinity of Nuremberg, which suffered from billeting and troop movements from the start. The year 1632 brought by far the greatest suffering in the region. Pastor Johann Georg Renner reports in detail in the parish registers about the events during this time. In the summer of the year there was the battle of the Alte Veste near Zirndorf. Gustav Adolf of Sweden camped in Nuremberg and tried to take the district of Wallenstein in the Zirndorf area. Again and again the soldiers roamed the surrounding villages, pillaging, pillaging and murdering. A large part of the population also died from hunger and epidemics - in Vach alone the war claimed over 200 victims.

As everywhere in the Margraviate of Brandenburg-Ansbach, many exiles settled in Vach . Around 100 people, mainly from Eisenwurzen in Lower Austria and Upper Austria, settled in Vach and pushed ahead with the reconstruction. Individuals, however, also came from Bavaria, Bohemia, Hungary and Styria. Particularly noteworthy at this point are the Stork von Klaus family, who rebuilt the upper castle in Vach and donated the Vasa sacra to the municipality of Vach , which has been preserved on site to this day.

Vach in the 18th century

By the end of the 17th century, the town had recovered from the horrors of the Thirty Years' War due to large influx of people. There was a lot of building activity: In 1706 a new gallery and organ were built in the church, in 1708 a new altar was purchased. A mill was built in 1710 and a covered wooden bridge in 1725. During the Seven Years' War there was a skirmish when the Prussian troops met parts of the Imperial Army near Vach. The important Vach bridge was set on fire by the Prussians and was only rebuilt from sandstone in 1761 by Margrave Alexander .

At the end of the 18th century there were around 90 properties in Vach. The high court and the village and community rulership was exercised by the Brandenburg-Ansbach municipal bailiff's office in Langenzenn . The landlords were the Brandenburg-Ansbach caste office Cadolzburg (2 half yards, 2 estates, 14 houses, 1 shepherd's house), the parish Vach (1 house), the Brandenburg-Bayreuth cloister office Frauenaurach (2 half estates), the Bamberg office Herzogenaurach (1 yard, 3 Estates), the Hofmann Chamber of Commerce (2 estates, 4 estates, 2 houses), the barons of Eyb (1 castle stables, 1 courtyard, 3 houses), the imperial city of Nuremberg: Heilig-Kreuz (9 houses), Landesalmosenamt (2 half courtyards , 8 Houses), Siechkobel St. Johannis (1 house), Schlüsselfelder Foundation (1 half courtyard, 1 estate, 1 house), Spitalamt (3 half courtyards, 1 house), Tetzel Foundation (1 house) and Nuremberg owners: von Behaim (1 House), von Fürer (1 half yard, 1 quarter yard, 2 Gütlein, 1 house), von Haller (1 house), von Holzschuher (1 half yard, 2 houses), von Imhoff (1 house), von Löffelholz (1 estate), von Tucher (3 half yards, 1 Seldengütlein, 2 houses), von Viatis (1 house), von Wölckern (1 estate).

Church building

As part of the municipal edict, the tax district Vach was formed in 1808 , to which the places Flexdorf and Ritzmannshof belonged. In the same year the rural community Vach was founded, which was congruent with the tax district. The municipality was under the administration and jurisdiction of the Nuremberg Regional Court and the financial administration of the Fürth Rent Office ( renamed the Fürth Tax Office in 1920 ). In voluntary jurisdiction, 8 properties were under the Patrimonial Court (PG) Haimendorf from 1822 to 1836 , 4 properties until 1812 and from 1822 to 1834 to the PG Lohe and Behringersdorf , 2 properties from 1822 to 1840 to the PG Buch , 2 properties from 1825 to 1835 to the PG Gibitzenhof , 2 properties until 1812 and from 1823 to 1835 the PG Lohe and 1 property from 1823 to 1835 the PG Leyh . From 1862 Vach was administered by the Fürth district office (renamed the Fürth district in 1938 ). In 1862 jurisdiction was transferred to the Fürth District Court , and since 1880 it has been with the Fürth District Court .

In the 1850s, the development of the place stagnated, as the routes of the Ludwig-Danube-Main Canal and the Ludwigs-Nord-Süd-Bahn were created to the right of the Regnitz.

It was not until the construction boom that began in the 1960s that Vach increased its settlement area from 15  hectares to today around 1.1 km². The municipality of Vach had an area of ​​8.208 km² in 1961.

In the course of regional reform in Bavaria , Vach was incorporated into Fürth on July 1, 1972.

Manor houses in Vach

There were two manors in Vach: the “Burgstall im Lohe” and the “Upper Castle”.

The Burgstall im Lohe was a fiefdom of the von Brauneck family and was described in 1399 as a house in a pond. The property belonged to the (locally) historically important families Grundherr , Pirckheimer, Geuder , von Danngrieß and Heysinger zu Waldeck until it was taken over in 1822 by Mayor Georg Leonhard Reuthner, who built a brewery in the forecourt. From 1863 to 1980 the property, the core of which is said to date from the 16th century, belonged to the Paulus family. Extensive renovations were carried out in 1989/1990.

The Upper Castle stood around 1600 on the site of the later Dorn brewery . The manor house was burned down in the Thirty Years' War and rebuilt by the exiles from Lower Austria, the Storch von Claus family. The above-mentioned Dorn brewery had existed on the site since 1873.

Population development

Vach municipality

year 1818 1840 1852 1855 1861 1867 1871 1875 1880 1885 1890 1895 1900 1905 1910 1919 1925 1933 1939 1946 1950 1952 1961 1970
Residents 855 950 956 933 967 1011 1013 1039 1072 1134 1135 1175 1218 1265 1322 1322 1435 1541 1614 2068 2130 2087 2223 2444
Houses 118 126 137 146 193 200 248 311
source

Place Vach

year 001818 001840 001861 001871 001885 001900 001925 001950 001961 001970 001987
Residents 752 855 860 901 1034 1116 1346 1991 2062 2261 2815
Houses 107 113 135 178 186 230 282 712
source

religion

The place has been predominantly Evangelical-Lutheran since the Reformation. The residents of the Evangelical Lutheran denomination are parish according to St. Matthew (Vach) , the residents of the Roman Catholic denomination according to the Sacred Heart of Jesus (Mannhof) .

Attractions

Church, rectory and cantor's council form a beautiful ensemble of monuments. The church with its west tower and retracted choir, each with a wind tower at each of the eastern corners, goes back to the Gothic period. The nave and choir were probably built around 1422 when Vach was elevated to a parish ; the three-storey west tower was added a little later.

A specialty is the old ginkgo tree in the rectory garden.

The basket arch bridge over the Regnitz from 1788 is an interesting traffic monument from the rural area. It was built before industrialization began in the 19th century and was renovated in 1993.

  • Vach, view with the church from the bridge, from SO

  • West tower of the Church of S.

  • Nave of the Church of SW

  • Church tower from WSW

  • Vach, bridge from 1788/1993, from the south

Sports

traffic

literature

Web links

Commons : Vach  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Bavarian State Office for Statistics and Data Processing (Ed.): Official local directory for Bavaria, territorial status: May 25, 1987 . Issue 450 of the articles on Bavaria's statistics. Munich November 1991, DNB  94240937X , p. 323 ( digitized version ).
  2. ↑ a b W. Wiessner, p. 97f.
  3. ↑ a b Vach in the Bavaria Atlas
  4. ↑ a b c d e f g Markus Pöllinger (Ed.): 950 years of St. Matthäus Vach. History - art - life. Fuerth 2009.
  5. ^ Andreas Hammer: Schoolmaster in the former margravial dean's office in Langenzenn. Sixth part: Vach parish. In: Society for family research in Franconia (ed.): Leaves for Franconian family history . tape 40 . Nuremberg 2017, p. 63-142 .
  6. ^ HH Hofmann, p. 182.
  7. ↑ HH Hofmann, p. 234; Address and statistical handbook for the Rezatkreis in the Kingdom of Baiern . Buchdruckerei Chancellery, Ansbach 1820, p. 63 ( digitized version ).
  8. ^ Vach on a map from 1864 at BayernAtlas Klassik
  9. ↑ a b c Bavarian State Statistical Office (ed.): Official city directory for Bavaria, territorial status on October 1, 1964 with statistical information from the 1961 census . Issue 260 of the articles on Bavaria's statistics. Munich 1964, DNB  453660959 , Section II, Sp. 782 ( digitized version ).
  10. ^ Wilhelm Volkert (ed.): Handbook of Bavarian offices, communities and courts 1799–1980 . CH Beck, Munich 1983, ISBN 3-406-09669-7 , p. 601 .
  11. ↑ a b Only inhabited houses are given. In 1818 these were designated as fireplaces , in 1840 as houses , and from 1871 to 1987 as residential buildings.
  12. ↑ a b Alphabetical index of all the localities contained in the Rezatkreise according to its constitution by the newest organization: with indication of a. the tax districts, b. Judicial Districts, c. Rent offices in which they are located, then several other statistical notes . Ansbach 1818, p. 97 ( digitized version ). For the municipality of Vach plus the residents and buildings of Flexdorf (p. 26) and Fritzmannshof (p. 27).
  13. ^ A b Eduard Vetter (Ed.): Statistical handbook and address book of Middle Franconia in the Kingdom of Bavaria . Self-published, Ansbach 1846, p. 210 ( digitized version ).
  14. ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n Bavarian State Statistical Office (Hrsg.): Historical municipality register: The population of the municipalities of Bavaria from 1840 to 1952 (=  contributions to Statistics Bavaria . Issue 192). Munich 1954, DNB  451478568 , p. 172 , urn : nbn: de: bvb: 12-bsb00066439-3 ( digitized version ).
  15. ↑ a b Joseph Heyberger, Chr. Schmitt, v. Wachter: Topographical-statistical manual of the Kingdom of Bavaria with an alphabetical local dictionary . In: K. Bayer. Statistical Bureau (Ed.): Bavaria. Regional and folklore of the Kingdom of Bavaria . tape 5 . Literary and artistic establishment of the JG Cotta'schen Buchhandlung, Munich 1867, Sp. 1028-1029 , urn : nbn: de: bvb: 12-bsb10374496-4 ( digitized version ).
  16. ↑ a b Kgl. Statistical Bureau (ed.): Complete list of localities of the Kingdom of Bavaria. According to districts, administrative districts, court districts and municipalities, including parish, school and post office affiliation ... with an alphabetical general register containing the population according to the results of the census of December 1, 1875 . Adolf Ackermann, Munich 1877, 2nd section (population figures from 1871, cattle figures from 1873), Sp. 1194 , urn : nbn: de: bvb: 12-bsb00052489-4 ( digital copy ).
  17. ↑ a b K. Bayer. Statistical Bureau (Ed.): Localities directory of the Kingdom of Bavaria. According to government districts, administrative districts, ... then with an alphabetical register of locations, including the property and the responsible administrative district for each location. LIV. Issue of the contributions to the statistics of the Kingdom of Bavaria. Munich 1888, Section III, Sp. 1124 ( digitized version ).
  18. ↑ a b K. Bayer. Statistical Bureau (Ed.): Directory of localities of the Kingdom of Bavaria, with alphabetical register of places . LXV. Issue of the contributions to the statistics of the Kingdom of Bavaria. Munich 1904, Section II, Sp. 1192 ( digitized version ).
  19. ↑ a b Bavarian State Statistical Office (ed.): Localities directory for the Free State of Bavaria according to the census of June 16, 1925 and the territorial status of January 1, 1928 . Issue 109 of the articles on Bavaria's statistics. Munich 1928, Section II, Sp. 1230 ( digitized version ).
  20. ↑ a b Bavarian State Statistical Office (ed.): Official place directory for Bavaria - edited on the basis of the census of September 13, 1950 . Issue 169 of the articles on Bavaria's statistics. Munich 1952, DNB  453660975 , Section II, Sp. 1064 ( digitized version ).
  21. ↑ a b Bavarian State Statistical Office (Hrsg.): Official local directory for Bavaria . Issue 335 of the articles on Bavaria's statistics. Munich 1973, DNB  740801384 , p. 167 ( digitized version ).
  22. ^ TV Vach: Turnverein Vach 1903 eV Accessed on March 14, 2017 .