United Gibraltar coal mine

United Gibraltar coal mine
General information about the mine
Gallery mouth of the Gibraltar colliery
Funding / year	Max. 117,792 t
Information about the mining company
Employees	min. 8 max. 548
Start of operation	1865
End of operation	1925
Successor use	Boathouse of the Faculty of Sports Science at the Ruhr University Bochum
Funded raw materials
Degradation of	Hard coal
Geographical location
Coordinates	51 ° 25 '22.5 "  N , 7 ° 15' 29.4"  E Coordinates: 51 ° 25 '22.5 "  N , 7 ° 15' 29.4"  E
Location United Gibraltar coal mine
Location	Stiepel
local community	Bochum
Independent city ( NUTS3 )	Bochum
country	State of North Rhine-Westphalia
Country	Germany
District	Ruhr area

The United Gibraltar Erbstollen colliery was a coal mine in the Bochum district of Stiepel on Lake Kemnade . The colliery arose from a consolidation of the Hagensieperbank colliery with the Gibraltar Erbstollen colliery .

history

The beginnings

The colliery can be traced back to the year 1786, when the license for coal mining was granted by the Royal Superior Mining Authority in Dortmund . An approximately 2000 meter long hereditary tunnel, excavated from 1830 , was used in particular to transport coal to the Ruhr and to drain the mine workings . On March 18, 1865, the consolidation of the tunnel drive Hagensieperbank took place with the coal mine Gibraltar Erbstollen the Berechtsame Eisenstein field upper Ruhr to "Zeche United Gibraltar Erbstollen". As a result, the tunnel operation in the Lottental lost its function and was given up. The entire authorized area comprised 5 square fields . In 1867 the mine was in operation, there was a shaft . In 1874 the mine was set in time limits and started operating again from 1876.

The other years

In 1879 the mine was again put into time limits and in 1883 the United Gibraltar mine was closed. In 1919 the mine was reopened and a conveyor tunnel was opened. The tunnel was located on the north bank of the Kemnader reservoir , presumably this is the already existing but dilapidated hereditary tunnel that was cleared . The mine field had an alignment of 1500 meters striking and 450 meters cross cutting. In 1920 two days were in operation, the depth to the bottom of the weather was 100 meters. In 1921, work began on digging a seigeren production shaft on the north bank of the Kemnader reservoir . In 1922, the shaft reached a depth of 234 meters. The deepest sole was (-127 meters at a depth of 200 meters NN ), the same year began with the promotion. The colliery was at its peak at this time. The weather was weathered by several days of blows. In 1924, additional substation construction was carried out in the tunnel . On August 15, 1925, the United Gibraltar Erbstollen colliery was finally shut down and drained. In 1928 there was consolidation with the Glückswinkelburg colliery, which had already been closed in 1904 .

Promotion and workforce

The first known production figures for the mine date back to 1867, 1046 tons of hard coal were produced . In 1869, 628 tons of hard coal and an unspecified amount of ore were mined. The first known workforce at the mine dates back to 1872, when eight miners were employed at the mine who produced 174 tons. In 1919, 80 miners extracted 6,764 tons of hard coal. In 1920 the production rose to 50,858 tons of hard coal; this promotion was provided with 270 miners. The colliery's maximum production was achieved in 1922 with 548 miners; 117,792 tons of hard coal were produced. The last known production and workforce figures for the mine are from 1925, when 67,834 tons of hard coal were extracted with 320 miners. The hard coal mined in the 1920s was already so-called edible coal .

Use during the Nazi era

Memorial plaque for the victims of torture of the National Socialists

Around the beginning of 1933 the Stahlhelm-Bund moved into the vacant company building and named it Duesterberg-Haus - after Theodor Duesterberg , a federal leader of the association. The building also became a seat of the Reich Labor Service , which set up a driver training camp here from March 8, 1933. It was also well Location for Bochum SA - standard , which maintained a leadership school from June 1933 here.

Political opponents, for example trade unionists and social democrats , were sometimes imprisoned and tortured for months on the grounds of the Gibraltar colliery . Hans Mugrauer (1899–1975), a miner and union secretary, reported:

“If the Nazis wanted to play badly, they kidnapped them to Gibraltar - soon a dreaded word! It was a disused, small mine in the southern part of Bochum, which was used as an SA barracks and torture chamber. "

Mugrauer fled abroad for many years. The mayor of Querenburg , August Bahrenberg , died as a result of the torture suffered in the Gibraltar colliery on May 3, 1933 at the age of 53.

Reuse

At least until the beginning of 1957 there was the refugee home emergency camp Gibraltar in the main building for 150 people. Later a belt factory is said to have been located on the site. In 1965, which was Berechtsame taken over by the mine Herbede.

Gibraltar colliery

What is left

Former mine locomotive of the Gibraltar colliery

Today only the main building of the facility remains. After an extensive renovation, completed in 1984, the boathouse of the Faculty of Sports Science of the Ruhr University Bochum and a restaurant are located here . A memorial plaque reminds of the recent past. A restored former mine locomotive from the colliery with three lorries as a memorial stands between the colliery building and the tunnel mouth hole . Since March 2014, the mine has also been listed in the Route of Industrial Culture , themed route Bochum .

location

• Address: Bootshaus der Ruhr University, Oveneystraße 71, 44797 Bochum

Individual evidence

1. ↑ ^{a b} Early mining on the Ruhr: Zeche United Gibraltar (last accessed on October 22, 2012).
2. ↑ ^{a b c} Wilhelm Hermann, Gertrude Hermann: The old collieries on the Ruhr. 4th edition. Verlag Karl Robert Langewiesche, successor to Hans Köster KG, Königstein i. Taunus 1994, ISBN 3-7845-6992-7 .
3. ↑ ^{a b c} Joachim Huske : The coal mines in the Ruhr area. Data and facts from the beginning to 2005 (= publications from the German Mining Museum Bochum 144). 3rd revised and expanded edition. Self-published by the German Mining Museum, Bochum 2006, ISBN 3-937203-24-9 .
4. ^ City of Bochum - Paths of suffering - Gibraltar colliery (last accessed on October 22, 2012).
5. ^ Article in the WAZ / Bochumer Stadtanzeiger from February 23, 1957.
6. ↑ Johannes Volker Wagner: swastika over Bochum: seizure of power and National Socialist everyday life. Bochum 1983.
7. ↑ www.fördergerüst.de: Ver. Gibraltar Erbstollen (last accessed October 22, 2012).

Web links

Commons : Colliery United Gibraltar Erbstolln  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

• Stiepeler Zechen ( Memento from January 27, 2014 in the Internet Archive )
• Early mining on the Ruhr: Historical map around 1840 (accessed on July 22, 2016)
• Early mining on the Ruhr: Map of the situation around 2000 (accessed on July 22, 2016)
• Early mining on the Ruhr: map of the area (accessed on July 22, 2016)
• Description of this sight on the route of industrial culturehttp: //vorlage.rik.test/~29~12937

Remarks

1. ↑ The direction that runs horizontally across the longitudinal axis of the deposit is referred to as cross-cutting . (Source: Förderverein Rammelsberger Bergbaumuseum Goslar eV (Ed.): Ore mining in Rammelsberg. )