Michael Phelps

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Michael Phelps
Phelps with Gold Medal at the 2008 Summer Olympics
Personal information
Full nameMichael Fred Phelps
NicknameMP
Nationality United States
Height6 ft 4 in (1.93 m)
Weight195 lb (88 kg)
Sport
SportSwimming
StrokesButterfly, Individual Medley, Freestyle, Backstroke
ClubClub Wolverine,
University of Michigan
Medal record
Men's Swimming
Representing  United States
Olympic Games
Gold medal – first place 2008 Beijing 400 m individual medley
Gold medal – first place 2008 Beijing 4 x 100 m freestyle relay
Gold medal – first place 2008 Beijing 200 m freestyle
Gold medal – first place 2004 Athens 100 m butterfly
Gold medal – first place 2004 Athens 200 m butterfly
Gold medal – first place 2004 Athens 200 m individual medley
Gold medal – first place 2004 Athens 400 m individual medley
Gold medal – first place 2004 Athens 4 x 200 m freestyle relay
Gold medal – first place 2004 Athens 4 x 100 m medley relay
Bronze medal – third place 2004 Athens 200 m freestyle
Bronze medal – third place 2004 Athens 4 x 100 m freestyle relay
World Championships - Long Course
Gold medal – first place 2001 Fukuoka 200 m butterfly
Gold medal – first place 2003 Barcelona 200 m butterfly
Gold medal – first place 2003 Barcelona 200 m individual medley
Gold medal – first place 2003 Barcelona 400 m individual medley
Gold medal – first place 2003 Barcelona 4 x 100 m medley relay
Gold medal – first place 2005 Montreal 200 m freestyle
Gold medal – first place 2005 Montreal 200 m individual medley
Gold medal – first place 2005 Montreal 4 x 100 m freestyle relay
Gold medal – first place 2005 Montreal 4 x 200 m freestyle relay
Gold medal – first place 2005 Montreal 4 x 100 m medley relay
Gold medal – first place 2007 Melbourne 200 m freestyle
Gold medal – first place 2007 Melbourne 100 m butterfly
Gold medal – first place 2007 Melbourne 200 m butterfly
Gold medal – first place 2007 Melbourne 200 m individual medley
Gold medal – first place 2007 Melbourne 400 m individual medley
Gold medal – first place 2007 Melbourne 4 x 100 m freestyle relay
Gold medal – first place 2007 Melbourne 4 x 200 m freestyle relay
Silver medal – second place 2003 Barcelona 100 m butterfly
Silver medal – second place 2003 Barcelona 4 x 200 m freestyle relay
Silver medal – second place 2005 Montreal 100 m butterfly
World Championships - Short Course
Gold medal – first place 2004 Indianapolis 200 m freestyle
Pan Pacific Championships
Gold medal – first place 2002 Yokohama 200 m individual medley
Gold medal – first place 2002 Yokohama 400 m individual medley
Gold medal – first place 2002 Yokohama 4 x 100 m medley relay
Gold medal – first place 2006 Victoria 200 m butterfly
Gold medal – first place 2006 Victoria 200 m individual medley
Gold medal – first place 2006 Victoria 400 m individual medley
Gold medal – first place 2006 Victoria 4 x 100 m freestyle relay
Gold medal – first place 2006 Victoria 4 x 200 m freestyle relay
Silver medal – second place 2002 Yokohama 200 m butterfly
Silver medal – second place 2002 Yokohama 4 x 200 m freestyle relay
Silver medal – second place 2006 Victoria 200 m backstroke
For the American biophysicist, see Michael E. Phelps.

Michael Fred Phelps (born June 30, 1985 in Baltimore, Maryland) is an American swimmer who holds world records in several events. Phelps won eight medals (six gold, two bronze) at the 2004 Summer Olympics in Athens,[1] which tied the record for most medals at one Olympics, a record set by Alexander Dityatin in 1980.[2] Phelps' international titles, along with his various world records, have resulted in him being named World Swimmer of the Year in 2003, 2004, 2006, 2007 and American Swimmer of the Year in 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2006 and 2007.

Phelps has qualified to compete in eight swimming events at the 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing, and is attempting to beat Mark Spitz's record of seven gold medals at one Olympics, and the lifetime record of nine Olympic golds. As of August 12, 2008, Phelps has won three gold medals in Beijing, all in world record time.

Career

Early years

See also: Swimming at the 2000 Summer Olympics and 2000 Summer Olympics

As a young teenager, Phelps trained at the North Baltimore Aquatic Club, under coach Bob Bowman. At the age of 15, Phelps competed at the 2000 Summer Olympics in Sydney, becoming the youngest American male swimmer at an Olympic Games in 68 years. While he did not win a medal, he was fifth in the 200 m Butterfly. Phelps proceeded to make a name for himself in swimming shortly thereafter. Five months after the Sydney Olympics, Phelps broke the world record in the 200 m butterfly to become, at 15 years and 9 months, the youngest man ever to set a swimming world record.[3] He then broke his own record again at the World Championships in Fukuoka, Japan (1:54.58). At the 2002 Summer Nationals in Fort Lauderdale, Phelps also broke the world record for the 400 m individual medley and set American marks in the 100 m butterfly and the 200 m individual medley.

In 2003, Phelps broke his own world record in the 400 m individual medley (4:09.09) and in June, he broke the world record in the 200 m individual medley (1:56.04). Then on July 7, 2004, Phelps broke his own world record again in the 400 m individual medley (4:08.41) during the U.S. trials for the 2004 Summer Olympics.

In 2004, Phelps left North Baltimore Aquatic Club with Bob Bowman to train at the University of Michigan for Club Wolverine.

2004 Athens Summer Olympic Games

See also: Swimming at the 2004 Summer Olympics and 2004 Summer Olympics
Event Results
100 m butterfly Gold Medal, Olympic Record
200 m freestyle Bronze Medal, American Record
200 m butterfly Gold Medal, Olympic Record
400 m individual medley Gold Medal, World Record
200 m individual medley Gold Medal, Olympic Record
4 x 100 m freestyle relay Bronze Medal
4 x 200 m freestyle relay Gold Medal, National Record
4 x 100 m medley relay Gold Medal, World Record

Phelps' dominance has brought comparisons to former swimming great Mark Spitz,[4] who won seven gold medals in the 1972 Summer Olympics, a world record. Phelps tied Mark Spitz's record of four gold medals won in individual events. Phelps had the chance to break Spitz's record of 7 total gold medals in the 2004 Athens Olympics by competing in eight swimming events (5 of which were individual events): the 200 m freestyle, the 100 m butterfly, the 200 m butterfly, the 200 m individual medley, the 400 m individual medley, the 4x100 m freestyle relay, 4x200 m freestyle relay, and the 4x100 m medley relay. However, his 4x100 m freestyle relay team only won the bronze medal, and he personally placed for bronze in the 200 m freestyle. Thus, he fell short of Spitz's record. However, he did win eight medals in one Olympics, a feat only achieved by Alexander Dityatin, a gymnast, in the 1980 Olympics in Moscow.

Had he won seven golds, he would have been eligible for a US$1 million bonus from his sponsor, Speedo.[5] Phelps does, however, have another chance at this $1 million should he win seven or more golds at the 2008 Olympic Games in Beijing.

On August 14, 2004 he won his first Olympic gold, in the 400 m individual medley, setting another new world record (4:08.26). On August 16 he was beaten by the Australian winner Ian Thorpe and the Dutch Pieter van den Hoogenband in 200 m freestyle final, called the race of the century.[6]

On August 20, 2004 in the 100 m butterfly final, Phelps defeated American teammate Ian Crocker (who holds the world record in the event) by just 0.04 seconds. Traditionally, the Olympian who places highest in an individual event will be automatically given the corresponding leg of the 4x100 m medley relay. This gave Phelps an automatic entry into the medley relay but he deferred and Crocker swam instead. The American medley team went on to win the event in world record time, and, since he had raced in a preliminary heat of the medley relay, Phelps was also awarded a gold medal along with the team members that competed in the final.

2004 - 2008

Phelps swims the 400 IM at the 2008 Missouri GP

Phelps moved to Ann Arbor, Michigan following the 2004 Olympics when his longtime coach at the North Baltimore Athletic Club, Bob Bowman, became head coach of the University of Michigan swimming team. Phelps served as a volunteer assistant coach, but did not swim for the university's team in NCAA competition because of his loss of amateur status, having accepted endorsement money from his sponsors Speedo, Visa, Omega and PowerBar.[7] Instead, he trained with and competed for Club Wolverine, a USA Swimming club affiliated with the university, between 2004 and 2008. The Baltimore Sun said in August 2008 that Phelps earns $5 million annually in endorsements.[8]

At the 2007 World Championships[9] , Phelps won seven gold medals, tying the record, and broke five world records. He co-founded the "Swim with the Stars" program, along with Ian Crocker and Lenny Krayzelburg, a program which promotes swimming and conducts camps for swimmers of all ages.

2008 Beijing Summer Olympic Games

See also: Swimming at the 2008 Summer Olympics and 2008 Summer Olympics

Phelps will represent the United States at the 2008 Summer Olympics and has qualified to compete in the following events:[8]

Date (in Beijing) Event Results Time
August 10 400 m individual medley Gold Medal, World Record[10]| 4:03.84
August 11 4 x 100 m freestyle relay Gold Medal, World Record[11]| 3:08.24
August 12 200 m freestyle Gold Medal, World Record[12]| 1:42.96
August 13 200 m butterfly
August 13 4 x 200 m freestyle relay
August 15 200 m individual medley
August 16 100 m butterfly
August 17 4 x 100 m medley relay

Phelps set an Olympic record in the preliminary heats of the men's 400-meter individual medley.[13] He followed that up in the final by winning the gold medal, as well as breaking his previous world record by nearly two seconds.

Phelps swam the 1st leg of the men's 4x100m freestyle relay in a time of 47.51 seconds (an American record for the 100m freestyle), and won his second gold medal of the 2008 Olympics, as well as setting his second world record of the Olympics (3:08.24). Teammate Jason Lezak finished ahead of the silver medalists French team by eight hundredths of a second. The top five teams in the final finished ahead of the world record of 3:12.23 set earlier in the day by the American B team in a preliminary heat. [14]

For his third race, he broke his previous World Record in the 200-meter freestyle by nearly a second, in winning his third gold medal (and third world record) of the Olympics, in 1:42.96, winning by nearly two seconds over silver medalist Park Tae-hwan. [15]

Personal life

Phelps grew up in the Rodgers Forge neighborhood of Baltimore, Maryland, and graduated from Towson High School in 2003.[8] His father, Fred Phelps, worked for the Maryland State Police and his mother, Debbie Davisson Phelps, is a middle school principal.[16] The two divorced in 1994.[8] Phelps, whose nickname is "MP," has two older sisters, Whitney and Hilary.[8][16] Both of them were swimmers as well, with Whitney coming close to making the U.S. national team for the 1996 Summer Olympics before injuries derailed her career.

In his youth, Phelps was diagnosed with Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD).[8] He started swimming at age 7, partly because of the influence of his sisters and partly to provide him with an outlet for his restless energy. He blossomed quickly as a swimmer, and by the age of 10 held a national record for his age group. More age group records followed, and Phelps' rapid improvement culminated in his qualifying for the 2000 Summer Olympics at the age of 15.[17]

In November 2004, Phelps was arrested for driving under the influence of alcohol in Salisbury, Maryland. He pleaded guilty to driving while impaired the following month and was granted probation before judgment and ordered to serve 18 months probation, fined $250, obligated to speak to high schoolers about drinking and driving and had to attend a Mothers Against Drunk Driving (MADD) meeting.[18][19] Questioned about the incident later that month by Matt Lauer on the Today Show, Phelps said it was an "isolated incident" and that he had "definitely let myself down and my family down…I think I let a lot of people in the country down."[8]

Between 2004 and 2008, Phelps attended the University of Michigan in Ann Arbor, Michigan, studying sports marketing and management. In May 2008, Phelps said he intends to return to Baltimore following the 2008 Olympics, joining Bob Bowman there when he leaves the University of Michigan, saying, "I'm not going to swim for anybody else. I think we can both help the North Baltimore Athletic Club go further. I'm definitely going to be in Baltimore next year." The club has announced that Bowman is leaving the University of Michigan to become the club's CEO.[20]

In a front page illustrated article profiling Phelps on the eve of the 2008 Summer Olympics, The Baltimore Sun described the hometown swimmer as "a solitary man" with a "rigid focus" at the pool prior to a race, but afterwards "a man incredibly invested in the success of the people he cares about".[8] Bowman told a Sun interviewer, "He's unbelievably kind-hearted", recounting Phelps' interaction with young children after practices.[8]

At the 2008 Beijing Olympics, Phelps came under some criticism following his shrugging off of a Chinese reporter. After answering one question, he ignored the second and walked on to some foreign reporters, where he promptly gave an interview. Whether he intentionally ignored the Chinese reporter remains unknown.

Major achievements

International events

Year Meet Venue Distance Event Results
2001 World Championships (LC) Fukuoka, Japan 200 m Butterfly 1st (WR)
2002 Pan Pacific Championships Yokohama, Japan 200 m Butterfly 2nd
200 m Individual Medley 1st
400 m Individual Medley 1st
4 x 200 m Freestyle Relay 2nd
4 x 100 m Medley Relay 1st (WR)
2003 World Championships (LC) Barcelona, Spain 100 m Butterfly 2nd
200 m Butterfly 1st (WR)
200 m Individual Medley 1st (WR)
400 m Individual Medley 1st (WR)
4 x 200 m Freestyle Relay 2nd (AR)
4 x 100 m Medley Relay 1st
2004 Summer Olympics Athens, Greece 200 m Freestyle 3rd (AR)
100 m Butterfly 1st (OR)
200 m Butterfly 1st (OR)
200 m Individual Medley 1st (OR)
400 m Individual Medley 1st (WR)
4 x 100 m Medley Relay 1st
4 x 100 m Freestyle Relay 3rd
4 x 200 m Freestyle Relay 1st (AR)
World Championships[21]

(SC)

Indianapolis, Indiana, U.S. 200 m Freestyle 1st
2005 World Championships[22]

(LC)

Montreal, Quebec, Canada 200 m Freestyle 1st
100 m Butterfly 2nd
200 m Individual Medley 1st
4 x 100 m Medley Relay 1st
4 x 100 m Freestyle Relay 1st
4 x 200 m Freestyle Relay 1st
2006 Pan Pacific Championships Victoria, British Columbia, Canada 200 m Backstroke 2nd
200 m Butterfly 1st (WR)
200 m Individual Medley 1st (WR)
400 m Individual Medley 1st
4 x 100 m Freestyle Relay 1st (WR)
4 x 200 m Freestyle Relay 1st (AR)
2007 World Championships (LC) Melbourne, Victoria, Australia 4 x 100 m Freestyle Relay 1st
4 x 200 m Freestyle Relay 1st (WR)
200 m Freestyle 1st (WR)
200 m Butterfly 1st (WR)
200 m Individual Medley 1st (WR)
100 m Butterfly 1st
400 m Individual Medley 1st (WR)
2008 Summer Olympics Beijing, China 400 m Individual Medley 1st (WR)
4 x 100 m Freestyle Relay 1st (WR)
200 m Freestyle 1st (WR)

LC: long course - 50 m pool; SC: short course - 25 m pool.

(WR)- World Record (OR)- Olympic Record (AR)- American Record

U.S. national titles

With 38 national titles as of 2007, Phelps is beginning to approach the record of 48 held by Tracy Caulkins.

Meters Nationals (38+5):

50 m free (1): '07 SCN
100 m free (4): '07 WIN, '05 SPG, '04 SPG, '03 SUM
200 m free (7): '07 SUM (US), '06 SUM, '05 SUM, '05 SPG, '04 SPG, '03 SUM (AR), '03 SPG
400 m free (2): '05 SPG, '03 SUM (AR)
100 m back (1): '07 SUM (US)
200 m back (4): '07 SUM (US), '04 SPG, '03 SUM, '03 SPG
100 m fly (7): '07 SUM, '06 SUM, '05 SPG, '04 SPG (US), '03 SPG, '02 SUM (AR), ’01 SUM
200 m fly (4): '06 SUM, '05 SUM, '02 SUM (US), '01 SPG (WR)
200 m IM (6): '06 SUM, '05 SPG, '04 SPG, '03 SUM (WR), '02 SUM (AR), ’01 SUM
400 m IM (2): '06 SUM, '02 SUM (WR)
4 x 100 m medley (2): '07 SUM, '06 SUM
4 x 100 m free (2): '07 SUM, '05 SUM
4 x 200 m free (1): '05 SUM (US)

Yards Nationals (2+1):

100 yd free (1): '07 SCYN
200 yd free (1): '07 SCYN
4 x 200 yd free (1): '07 SCYN (AR)
  • Relays do not count as individual national titles.
  • USA Swimming is currently in the process of moving away from having 2 National Championships per year to only 1. As a result, he has not and may not attend many more Spring Nationals.

Records and rankings

Currently held records

Record Distance Event Time Location Date
World 200 m (lc) Freestyle 1:42.93 Beijing, China 2008, August 12
200 m (lc) Butterfly 1:52.09 Melbourne, Victoria, Australia 2007, March 28
200 m (lc) Individual Medley 1:54.80 Omaha, Nebraska, USA 2008, July 4
400 m (lc) Individual Medley 4:03.84 Beijing, China 2008, August 10
4 x 100 m (lc) Freestyle Relay 3:08.24 Beijing, China 2008, August 11
4 x 200 m (lc) Freestyle Relay 7:03.24 Melbourne, Victoria, Australia 2007, March 30
American 100 m (lc) Freestyle 47.51 Beijing, China 2008, August 11
200 m (sc) Freestyle 1:43.78 East Meadow, New York, USA 2006, February 4
200 m (sc) Butterfly 1:52.27 Melbourne, Victoria, Australia 2003, November 28
200yd Freestyle 1:32.08 Austin, Texas, USA 2005, March 3
200yd Butterfly 1:39.70 Austin, Texas, USA 2006, March 4
400yd Individual Medley 3:36.26 Austin, Texas, USA 2006, March 3
Set in US 200 m (lc) Freestyle 1:44.10 Omaha, Nebraska, USA 2008, July 1
200 m (lc) Backstroke 1:54.65 Indianapolis, Indiana, USA 2007, August 1
200 m (lc) Butterfly 1:52.20 Omaha, Nebraska, USA 2008July 3
200 m (lc) Individual Medley 1:55.94 College Park, Maryland, USA 2003August 9
4 x 200 m (lc) Freestyle Relay 7:12.35 Irvine, California, USA 2005August 5
200 m (sc) Freestyle 1:43.78 East Meadow, New York, USA 2006, February 4
400 m (sc) Individual Medley 4:03.99 East Meadow, New York, USA 2006February 3
200yd Butterfly 1:39.70 Austin, Texas, USA 2006, March 4
400yd Individual Medley 3:36.26 Austin, Texas, USA 2006, March 3

World records

With 28 world records (24 individual, 4 relay), as of August 2008, Phelps is approaching Mark Spitz's record of 33 world records (26 individual, 7 relay). All of the records were set in a long course (50 meter) pool; records that currently stand are indicated in bold.

No. Distance Event Time Location Date
1 200 m Butterfly 1:54.92 Austin, Texas, USA 2001, March 30
2 200 m Butterfly (2) 1:54.58 Fukuoka, Japan 2001, July 24
3 400 m Individual Medley 4:11.09 Ft. Lauderdale, Florida, USA 2002, August 15
4 4x100 m Medley Relay[a] 3:33.48 Yokohama, Japan 2002, August 29
5 400 m Individual Medley (2) 4:10.73 Indianapolis, Indiana, USA 2003, April 6
6 200 m Individual Medley 1:57.94 Santa Clara, California, USA 2003, June 29
7 200 m Butterfly (3) 1:53.93 Barcelona, Spain 2003, July 22
8 200 m Individual Medley (2) 1:57.52 Barcelona, Spain 2003, July 24
9 100 m Butterfly 51.47 Barcelona, Spain 2003, July 25
10 200 m Individual Medley (3) 1:56.04 Barcelona, Spain 2003, July 25
11 400 m Individual Medley (3) 4:09.09 Barcelona, Spain 2003, July 27
12 200 m Individual Medley (4) 1:55.94 College Park, Maryland, USA 2003, August 9
13 400 m Individual Medley (4) 4:08.41 Long Beach, California, USA 2004, July 7
14 400 m Individual Medley (5) 4:08.26 Athens, Greece 2004, August 14
15 200 m Butterfly (4) 1:53.80 Victoria, British Columbia, Canada 2006, August 17
16 4x100 m Freestyle Relay[b] 3:12.46 Victoria, British Columbia, Canada 2006, August 19
17 200 m Individual Medley (5) 1:55.84 Victoria, British Columbia, Canada 2006, August 20
18 200 m Butterfly (5) 1:53.71 Columbia, Missouri, USA 2007, February 17
19 200 m Freestyle 1:43.86 Melbourne, Victoria, Australia 2007, March 27
20 200 m Butterfly (6) 1:52.09 Melbourne, Victoria, Australia 2007, March 28
21 200 m Individual Medley (6) 1:54.98 Melbourne, Victoria, Australia 2007, March 29
22 4x200 m Freestyle Relay[c] 7:03.24 Melbourne, Victoria, Australia 2007, March 30
23 400 m Individual Medley (6) 4:06.22 Melbourne, Victoria, Australia 2007, April 1
24 400 m Individual Medley (7) 4:05.25 Omaha, Nebraska, USA 2008, June 29
25 200 m Individual Medley (7) 1:54.80 Omaha, Nebraska, USA 2008, July 4
26 400 m Individual Medley (8) 4:03.84 Beijing, China 2008, August 10
27 4x100 m Freestyle Relay (2)[d] 3:08.24 Beijing, China 2008, August 11
28 200 m Freestyle 1:42.96 Beijing, China 2008, August 12
a with Aaron Peirsol, Brendan Hansen, and Jason Lezak
b with Neil Walker, Cullen Jones, and Jason Lezak
c with Ryan Lochte, Klete Keller, and Peter Vanderkaay
d with Garrett Weber-Gale, Cullen Jones, and Jason Lezak

Best times and all-time event rankings

Event Best Time All-Time American Rank All-Time World Rank Top 25 Swims All-Time
Long Course Meters
100m Freestyle 47.51 #1 #3 #3
200m Freestyle 1:43.86 #1 #1 #1, #3 (1:44.10), #10 (1:44,98), #14 (1:45.20), #16 (1:45.32), #20 (1:45.36r), #23 (1:45.50), #25 (1:45.51r)
400m Freestyle 3:46.73 #5 #22
100m Backstroke 53.01 #3 #3 #5, Tie-#8 (Aaron Peirsol, 53.17), #19 (53.42)
200m Backstroke 1:54.65 #3 #3 #5, #15 (1:55.30), #23 (1:55.84)
100m Butterfly 50.77 #2 #2 #3, #5 (50.89), #7 (51.04), #9/10 (51.10), #11 (51.15), Tie-#13 (Ian Crocker, 51.25), #17 (51.34), #19 (51.39), #23 (51.47)
200m Butterfly 1:52.09 #1 #1 #1, #2 (1:52.20), #3 (1:53.33), #4 (1:53.71), #5 (1:53.80), #7 (1:53.93), #8 (1:54.02), #9 (1:54.04), #11 (1:54.31), #12 (1:54.32), #13 (1:54.35), #19 (1:54.58), #24 (1:54.86)
200m Individual Medley 1:54.80 #1 #1 #1, #2 (1:54.98), #4 (1:55.84), #5 (1:55.94), #6 (1:56.04), #9 (1:56.50), #10 (1:56.68), #11 (1:56.71), #13 (1:56.80), #15 (1:56.93), #17 (1:57.14), #18 (1:57.39), #20 (1:57.44), #21 (1:57.52), #24 (1:57.64)
400m Individual Medley 4:03.84 #1 #1 #1, #2(4:05.25), #4(4:06.22), #6(4:08.26), #7(4:08.41), #8(4:09.09), #15 (4:10.16), #16 (4:10.47), #17 (4:10.73), #19 (4:11.09), #22 (4:11.30), #23 (4:11.40)
Short Course Yards
100yd Freestyle 41.93 #5 #9
200yd Freestyle 1:32.08 #1 #2 #2, #3 (1:32.13), #6 (1:32.43)
500yd Freestyle 4:10.43 #5 #5 #7
100yd Backstroke 45.50 #7 #8
200yd Backstroke 1:41.55 #21 #23
100yd Butterfly 45.40 #4 #6
200yd Butterfly 1:39.70 #1 #1 #1, #2 (1:41.72), #6 (1:42.10)
200yd Individual Medley 1:41.30 #2 #2 #3, #4 (1:41.32), #9 (1:42.78)
400yd Individual Medley 3:36.26 #1 #1 #1, #9 (3:39.61)

See also

References

  1. ^ "2004 Olympic Games swimming results". Retrieved 2007-07-22.
  2. ^ Facts & figures
  3. ^ Paul McMullen (2001-05-09). "Phelps marks his time Swimming: Towson High's Michael Phelps now counts a butterfly world record, as well as his participation in the 2000 Olympics, as his biggest thrills". The Baltimore Sun. Retrieved 2008-01-26.
  4. ^ Mark Spitz compared with Phelps
  5. ^ $1 million endorsement
  6. ^ Race of the Century
  7. ^ [http://www.olympic-usa.org/73_31263.htm United States Olympic Committee - SWIMMING: Matsunichi Signs Global Endorsement Contract with Michael Phelps
  8. ^ a b c d e f g h i Kevin Van Valkenburg (2008-08-03). "Phelps' voyage". The Baltimore Sun. pp. 1A, 16A–17A. {{cite news}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help)
  9. ^ "12th FINA World Championships". Retrieved 2007-06-09.
  10. ^ http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/olympics/swimming/7552038.stm
  11. ^ http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/olympics/swimming/7553107.stm
  12. ^ http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/olympics/swimming/7555336.stm
  13. ^ Phelps Sets Olympic Record.
  14. ^ http://www.nbcolympics.com/swimming/resultsandschedules/rsc=SWM411100/index.html
  15. ^ http://sports.espn.go.com/oly/summer08/swimming/news/story?id=3530615
  16. ^ a b "USA Swimming — Michael Phelps". U.S. Olympic Committee. 2008. Retrieved 2008-06-26.
  17. ^ Paul McMullen, Amazing Pace: The Story of Olympic Champion Michael Phelps from Sydney to Athens to Bejing. New York: Rodale, Inc., 2006.
  18. ^ "Olympic Champ Sentenced For DUI". CBS News. 2004-12-29. Retrieved 2008-02-14.
  19. ^ "Michael Phelps". Ask Men. Retrieved 2008-05-25.
  20. ^ Kevin Van Valkenburg (2008-05-11). "Phelps returns to attend NBAC fundraiser". The Baltimore Sun. Retrieved 2008-05-26. {{cite web}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help)
  21. ^ "7th FINA World Championships - 25m Indianapolis 2004" (PDF). Retrieved 2007-07-24.
  22. ^ "Montreal 2005 Results". Retrieved 2007-06-09.

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Michael Phelps.
Template:S-awards
Records
Preceded by Men's 200 metre butterfly
world record holder (long course)
March 30, 2001 – present 		Succeeded by
Incumbent
Preceded by Men's 400 metre individual medley
world record holder (long course)
August 15, 2002 – present 		Succeeded by
Incumbent
Preceded by Men's 200 metre individual medley
world record holder (long course)
June 29, 2003 – present 		Succeeded by
Incumbent
Preceded by Men's 100 metre butterfly
world record holder (long course)
July 25, 2003 – July 26, 2003 		Succeeded by
Preceded by Men's 200 metre freestyle
world record holder (long course)
March 27, 2007 – present 		Succeeded by
Incumbent
Preceded by World Swimmer of the Year
2003-2004 		Succeeded by
Preceded by World Swimmer of the Year
2006-2007 		Succeeded by
incumbent


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