Border treaty between Württemberg and Baden

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On the historic border route Württemberg - Baden

The border treaty between the Kingdom of Württemberg and the Grand Duchy of Baden of October 2, 1810 belongs to a cascade of treaties that were concluded between the states of Bavaria , Württemberg, Baden and Hesse in Paris in 1810. The border between Württemberg and Baden created in this treaty existed in Baden-Württemberg until the major administrative reform in 1973 and has also been largely preserved to this day, for example in the areas of responsibility of the Protestant regional churches and the Catholic dioceses.

Political requirements

The preamble to the treaty, which was concluded in Paris , not by chance , outlines somewhat vaguely “the intention to relate those stipulations in the treaties mutually concluded with France at Compiegne on April 24th and Paris on September 7th of this year Both courts have been met. ”The border treaty concluded between Bavaria and Württemberg on May 18, 1810 describes the political starting point more clearly . Both "previously unadjusted marginal differences and other mutual claims" had to be ended all at once and in a permanent manner, and "those stipulations which had been stipulated in the treaties recently concluded by both parties with France had to be fulfilled by a final contract" become. Herewith the pressure of the Emperor of the French, Napoleon Bonaparte , on the South German Princes of the Rhine Confederation is described without further ado . Napoleon wanted to create three efficient states in southern Germany - Bavaria, Württemberg and Baden - that would be able to meet his demands for troop provision. According to the provisions of the Peace of Pressburg of December 26, 1805 and the Treaty of Schönbrunn of October 14, 1809, the Kingdom of Bavaria was given too generous consideration. As compensation for the profit made by Tyrol and Salzburg, Bavaria was to cede areas in the west to Württemberg, which would then compensate Baden in the further course. Each of the three states should have access to Lake Constance. Finally, Baden was supposed to compensate the Grand Duchy of Hesse . While the treaty between Bavaria and Württemberg does not specify a specific number of inhabitants, Article I of the treaty between Württemberg and Baden stipulates a volume of “45,000 souls” for the exchange of territory.

Contracting parties

King Friedrich I of Württemberg appointed his ambassador extraordinary, Heinrich Levin von Wintzigerode , and Grand Duke Karl Friedrich von Baden appointed his interior minister, Baron Conrad Karl Friedrich von Andlau-Birseck, as plenipotentiary. The treaty stipulates the course of the border "in order to comply with the specific request of His Majesty the Emperor" (Napoleon), and specifies in detail the assignment of territory from Württemberg to Baden.

The logically preceding border treaty between Bavaria and Württemberg was also concluded in Paris on May 18, 1810.

Borderline

Borderline from 1810
to bathe

The most important assignment concerned the former Upper Austrian Landgraviate of Nellenburg and its accessories , which fell to Württemberg in 1805 . The area, also known as Hegau , played a key role: for Württemberg it secured the connection to Switzerland , which is important for trade , and for Baden it enabled access to the properties on Lake Constance acquired from 1803 to 1805. This becomes clear in Article XIII of the treaty when the "Baden grand ducal court under the above-mentioned imperial French guarantee" undertook not to increase any tariffs on the routes from Tuttlingen via Engen , Thayngen to Schaffhausen and from Riedlingen , Mengen via Meßkirch , Stockach and Radolfzell and not to "raise commercial obstacles."

Furthermore, old Württemberg areas such as the Hornberg office with Sankt Georgen in the Black Forest , Schiltach , Hornberg , Gutach and Reichenbach as well as other areas of Baden were added. The endeavor to dissolve existing condominiums through the assignment of territory is clearly recognizable.

Württemberg ceded to Baden:

Web links

See also