Philippsbourg
| Philippsbourg | ||
|---|---|---|
|
|
|
| region | Grand Est | |
| Department | Moselle | |
| Arrondissement | Sarreguemines | |
| Canton | Bitche | |
| Community association | Pays de Bitche | |
| Coordinates | 48 ° 59 ′ N , 7 ° 34 ′ E | |
| height | 205-510 m | |
| surface | 23.71 km 2 | |
| Residents | 611 (January 1, 2017) | |
| Population density | 26 inhabitants / km 2 | |
| Post Code | 57230 | |
| INSEE code | 57541 | |
 Philippsbourg |
||
Philippsbourg ( German Philippsburg , lothr. Philippsburch ) is a French commune with 611 inhabitants (as of January 1, 2017) in the Moselle department in the Grand Est region (until 2015 Lorraine ). It belongs to the Sarreguemines arrondissement and the Bitche canton and is part of the Northern Vosges Biosphere Reserve .
geography
Philippsbourg is located in the north-east of Lorraine , in the Bitscher Land (French: Pays de Bitche ) in the heart of the Northern Vosges forests. The district has the greatest height differences of all communities in the Bitscher Ländchen. The place extends in the valley of the Falkensteinerbach along the national road N 62, which leads from Saargemünd to Hagenau . To the west is the Baerenthal district , to the northwest is Éguelshardt . The eastern boundary of the district is also the canton border to the canton of Niederbronn and thus to Alsace . The surrounding forests are part of the Hanau Forest , named after the Hanau-Lichtenberg Counts , who hunted in the surrounding forests , like the Hanauer Weiher to the north , the largest lake in the region . The Leitsalthaler Hof, the Lies (ch) bacher Hof and the Mambacher Höfe belong to Philippsbourg.
history
The oldest settlement point is the hamlet of Lieschbach, which was on the border between the Roman province of Gallia Belgica and Germania .
middle Ages
The Falkensteinertal has belonged to the Lützelburg rule since the 11th century . The Lützelburgers built Falkenstein Castle in the largely uninhabited area in 1123 to protect against the advancing Staufer .
Early modern age
In 1564, the heirs of Balthasar von Falkenstein sold their rights to Count Philip IV of Hanau-Lichtenberg . The area belonged to the Lemberg office of the County of Zweibrücken-Bitsch and there to the Bärenthal-Philippsburg official school. The Falkenstein Castle and a hunting lodge with forest and fishery belonged to Philippsburg. In 1566 the hunting lodge Schloss Philippsburg was built, the name of which passed on to the settlement. The complex was probably destroyed in 1633.
Count Philip IV of Hanau-Lichtenberg gave the strict Roman Catholic Duke Karl III by introducing the Lutheran creed in his county . of Lorraine , who was also the feudal lord of some Hanau-Lichtenberg areas, gave a reason to intervene militarily. In July 1572 the duke's troops occupied the county in the dispute over the rule of Zweibrücken-Bitsch. Since Philip IV of Hanau-Lichtenberg was unable to cope with the overwhelming power of Lorraine, he chose the legal route. In the subsequent trial before the Imperial Court of Justice, Lorraine was able to prevail with regard to the Bitsch rule, while the Lemberg office was awarded to the County of Hanau-Lichtenberg in 1606 .
As a result of France's reunion policy , in 1680 the parts of the County of Hanau-Lichtenberg in Alsace and Lorraine fell under the sovereignty of France . This included only three villages in the Lemberg Office, including Philippsburg.
1736 died with Count Johann Reinhard III. the last male representative of the Hanau family. Due to the marriage of his only daughter, Charlotte (* 1700; † 1726), with the Hereditary Prince Ludwig (VIII.) (* 1691; † 1768) of Hesse-Darmstadt , the county of Hanau-Lichtenberg fell there. Philippsburg belonged to the Wolfisheim office in Hesse-Darmstadt .
Modern times
In the course of the French Revolution , the part of the County of Hanau-Lichtenberg on the left bank of the Rhine - and with it the Office of Lemberg and Philippsburg - fell to France in 1793.
During the Second World War , the population was evacuated to the Charente . The place was bombed in September 1944 and from January to March 1945. The liberation by the US armed forces took place on March 17, 1945.
Population development
| year | 1962 | 1968 | 1975 | 1982 | 1990 | 1999 | 2007 | 2017 |
| Residents | 517 | 524 | 503 | 468 | 504 | 531 | 551 | 611 |
Culture and sights
- Falkenstein Castle
- Helfenstein Castle , built by the Dukes of Lorraine before 1410 and destroyed in 1435.
- Bellerstein castles
- Philippsfels Castle
- Philippsburg
- Rothenburg or Rotes Schlössel above the border brook to the district of Sturzelbronn , was destroyed in the 14th century
- The Protestant church dominates in the village itself. The Protestant church by the Potsdam architect Arthur Kickton from 1911 is considered an important late work of historicism .
- A large farm from 1812 protrudes from the mundane structure.
- Shortly before the Alsatian border, not far from the national road, a well-preserved farm from 1744 with later additions, on which the development of the architectural styles can be read.
- There are still numerous Hanau-Lichtenberger boundary stones from 1606 at the boundary of the district.
- Many sometimes bizarre rock formations on the hiking trails through the area.
Infrastructure
traffic
Philippsburg stretches along the N 62 Sarreguemines - Haguenau , which follows the Falkensteinerbach. The Haguenau – Falck-Hargarten railway also runs through the valley, although traffic is currently suspended between Bad Niederbronn and Bitsch .
tourism
The Hanauer Weiher is a popular tourist destination that Goethe already went to . The Lieschbacher Weiher is also an excursion destination. A botanical nature trail leads, among other things, through a moor where there are sundew sites.
literature
- Friedrich Knöpp: Territorial holdings of the County of Hanau-Lichtenberg in Hesse-Darmstadt . [typewritten] Darmstadt 1962. [Available in the Hessisches Staatsarchiv Darmstadt , signature: N 282/6].
- Alfred Matt: Bailliages, prévôté et fiefs ayant fait partie de la Seigneurie de Lichtenberg, du Comté de Hanau-Lichtenberg, du Landgraviat de Hesse-Darmstadt . In: Société d'Histoire et d'Archaeologie de Saverne et Environs (Eds.): Cinquième centenaire de la création du Comté de Hanau-Lichtenberg 1480 - 1980 = Pays d'Alsace 111/112 (2, 3/1980), p 7-9.
Web links
- Philippsbourg on bitscherland.fr (French)