Gmünd in Carinthia

Gmünd in Kärnten ( Slovenian Sovodenj ) is a country town with 2550 inhabitants (as of January 1, 2020) in the Liesertal in Carinthia , named after the confluence of the Malta in the Lieser .

geography

Gmünd in Carinthia is located at the confluence of the Malta and Lieser rivers on an important north-south connection over the Alps , which are now crossed by the Tauern Autobahn (A 10). The area of today's municipality extends in the west along the foothills of the Hohe Tauern with the Hohe Tauern National Park and in the east along the Nockberge with the Biosphere Park Salzburg Lungau and Carinthian Nockberge .

Community structure

The community is divided into the three cadastral communities of Gmünd, Kreuschlach and Landfraß and comprises 15 localities (the number of inhabitants as of January 1, 2020 in brackets):

Castle Meadow (64)
Gmuend (1296)
Grünleiten (133)
Karnerau (51)
Landfraß (203)
Moss (18)
Moss Rat (81)
Oberbuch (24)
Oberkreuschlach (67)
Perau (99)
Square (21)
Stubeck Sonnalm (9)
Meeting floor (256)
Subbook (157)
Unterreuschlach (71)

Neighboring communities

	Rennweg on Katschberg
Malta		Krems
Trebesing	Seeboden on Lake Millstatt

history

From the Roman road Via Julia Augusta leading through the valley of the Drau, a road branched off at Seeboden on Millstätter See to Iuvavum , today's Salzburg , and presumably led via today's Gmünd in Carinthia to Moosham ( Immurium ). A road station is therefore assumed in the area of Gmünd, from which a Säumerweg leading through the Maltatal ran into Grossarltal to Salzburg. The name of the street station has not been passed down. In the Itinerarium Antonini (Roman street directory) the information for the Drava and Liesertal is missing; they are probably not preserved. New considerations about the course of the Via Julia Augusta see the road station "Bilachium" in today's Greifenburg / Radlach and with XXVIII mp (Roman miles) = 41.5 km to Gmünd and XXIII mp = 34 km from Gmünd to Moosham (via the Laussnitzhöhe) a street station, from which today's Gmünd could have developed.

Gmünd was established around the 11th or 12th century AD as an outpost of the Archdiocese of Salzburg to protect the Katschbergsattel against the Carinthian duchy (see: History of Carinthia ). Presumably founded by Archbishop Eberhard von Regensberg (r. 1200–1246), Gmünd was first mentioned in a document on December 21, 1252 ("apud Gemvnde"). 1273 the place was as archbishop market and manor a manorial mentioned ( "forum et civitas"). Gmünd received town charter in 1346 and is the second oldest demonstrable medieval town in Carinthia after Friesach .

The Lodron 'sche manorial Gmünd and Sommeregg was after the year 1691 for about 20 years Georg Franz Ebenhoch high level previously, Viscount of Passau manorial Vichtenstein , managed as a nurse.

In 1773 the Gmünd Regional Court executed the poisoner Eva Faschaunerin, who confessed to being under torture, as the last victim of an Austrian inquisition trial.

Due to the development of the place Gmünd from a trading center from Salzburg to Northern Italy , the small medieval old town in Gmünd in Carinthia is worth seeing. As a relic of this time, a Salzburg dialect is still spoken by the local population in the Liesertal, especially in the highest Liesertal, the Katschtal .

Ferdinand Porsche relocated the production facility of his company Porsche shortly before the end of the Second World War in May 1945 to Gmünd, which was not at risk from the war. The first models of the Porsche 356 and its design basis, the 356 No. 1 Roadster, were built at the Porsche plant in Gmünd by 1950 . In memory of that time, there has been a Porsche car museum in Gmünd in Carinthia since 1982.

population

At the time of the 2001 census, Gmünd had 2,605 inhabitants, 97.9% of whom were Austrian citizens. 63.3% of the population were members of the Roman Catholic Church and 29.7% were members of the Evangelical Church , 4.5% were not aware of their religious affiliation .

Population development

politics

City Councilor and Mayor

The city council has consisted of five members since 2015:

Mayor Josef Jury , FPÖ
1st Vice Mayor Claus Faller, FPÖ
2. Vice Mayor Heidemarie Penker, SPÖ
City Councilor Hubert Rudiferia, ÖVP
City Councilor Philipp Schober, SPÖ

Municipal council

The municipal council of Gmünd has had 19 members since the municipal council election in 2015 with the following distribution of seats:

8 FPÖ
7 SPÖ
4 ÖVP

coat of arms

The use of a Gmünder seal, which is very similar to that of Friesach, has already been proven in the last decades of the 13th century . It was handed down on a document dated June 15, 1334. In 1565 the city wall was redrawn in a change in the seal and placed on a hill of three. This seal image was kept by the city of Gmünd until May 21, 1968. The current city coat of arms and a city flag again show the oldest known seal image: In silver over a red, tinned city wall, two red towers with battlements and a red gable between them. The flag shows the colors white-red with the coat of arms.

Town twinning

The city is a member of the Gmünder twinning in Europe , which includes cities such as Gmünd in Lower Austria and Schwäbisch Gmünd in Germany. In 1971 a friendship treaty was signed between Gmünd and Osnabrück in Lower Saxony in Germany. The relationship with Osnabrück extends even further into the past. As early as 1899, the Osnabrücker Hütte was built by the Osnabrück section of the German Alpine Club in the Großelendtal about 20 km northwest of Gmünd on the initiative of Frido Kordon .

Culture and sights

Southwest view of the " Old Castle "

Lower city gate with city wall

Gmünd Castle

New Castle ( Lodron Castle )

City fortification of Gmünd in Carinthia

Catholic parish church Gmünd in Carinthia Assumption of Mary

Evangelical Trinity Church in Gmünd in Carinthia

Karner von Gmünd in Carinthia

Former Antonius Hospital in Gmünd

Former parish church of HL , known since 1286 Pancras ; used as a coach house since a fire in 1792

Divided church on Kreuzbichl

Church in Oberbuch

Oberkreuschlach Church

main square
Lodron Castle
Parish Church of the Assumption of Mary
Divided church on Kreuzbichl
Interior view of the Pankratius Church

Museums

Pankratium ("House of Wonder") in the Antonius Hospital
Porsche Car Museum Gmünd

Cultural life

In Gmünd, a culture and artist group has established itself with a diverse range of cultural activities, which is promoted by the city administration. They are:

an annual handicraft market,
an offer of concerts of different musical styles,
the organization of exhibitions on historical and contemporary visual and applied arts,
the accommodation of recognized artists in guest studios with the endeavor to maintain and preserve traditional cultural values.

Personalities

Andreas Bühler (around 1457 - after 1512), master stonemason
Guido Burgstaller (* 1989), since 2017 with a contract until 2022 player at FC Schalke 04Template: future / in 2 years
Arnold Jonke (* 1962), rower
Josef Jury (* 1962), Austrian politician (FPÖ, FPK, BZÖ), former member of the National Council
Arnold Mettnitzer (* 1952), psychotherapist and author
Franz Peitler (1808–1877), German lawyer and member of the Frankfurt National Assembly.
Baldur Preiml (* 1939), ski jumper, trainer and sports official
Johanna Schönborn (1935–1999), painter and poet
Günther Stranner (* 1967), ski jumper
Barbara Stromberger (* 1948), songwriter and writer

People related to the city

Eva Kary born Faschauner († 1773 near Gmünd), last victim of a torture trial in Austria
Frido Kordon (1869–1944), Austrian alpinist and writer
Ferdinand Porsche (1875–1951), Austrian, Czechoslovak and German automobile designer
Anton Karl von Willburg († 1789 in Gmünd), Austrian doctor

Others

Gmünd in Carinthia was used in the German-Austrian comedy film " Immer die Radfahrer " ( Always the Cyclists ) as the backdrop for the fictional town of Burgsteinach, in which parts of the film are set.

literature

Karl Lax: From the chronicle of Gmünd in Carinthia . Ed .: Ilse Maria Tschepper-Lax. 4th edition. Self-published, Gmünd in Kärnten 1987 (133 pages).
Matthias Maierbrugger : Holidays in the Lieser and Maltatal. A guide and advisor through landscape and history . Heyn, Klagenfurt 1982, ISBN 978-3-85366-394-3 (Introduction to the regional history of the Lieser, Katsch and Maltatals with the towns of Gmünd, Krems in Carinthia and Trebesing. Partly out of date.).
Ulrike Mengeú: Gmünd: Surprising discoveries in Upper Carinthia's oldest town . Gmünd City Association, Gmünd in Carinthia 2017, ISBN 978-3-200-05274-1 .
Josef Schmid: From popular life in the Lieser and Maltatal . In: Carinthia I . 154th year, 1964, ISSN 0008-6606 , p. 365–500 ( anno.onb.ac.at - from the minutes of the regional courts in Rauchenkatsch, Gmünd and Sommeregg, the author gives an insight into living together in the Lieser and Maltatal valleys of the past, with drawings by Paul Kriwetz).
Horst Wilscher: The chronicle of the Wenzelhube . Self-published, Eisentratten 2006 (95 S., a sound regional historical commission for Wolfgang Glahn with a focus on Krems and Burgstallberg. Contains impressions and transcriptions of the sources from the area of manorial Gmünd.).

Web links

Commons : Gmünd in Kärnten - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Wikisource: Gmünd in Carinthia in the Topographia Austriacarum (Mathäus Merian) - sources and full texts

City of Gmünd
20608 - Gmünd in Carinthia. Community data, Statistics Austria .

Individual evidence

↑ Statistics Austria: Population on January 1st, 2020 by locality (area status on January 1st, 2020) , ( CSV )
↑ The Carinthian historical sources in 1202 -1269. First part 1202 −1262. In: August von Jaksch (ed.): Monumenta Historica Ducatus Carinthiae. Historical monuments of the Duchy of Carinthia. tape 4 . Ferdinand von Kleinmeyer, Klagenfurt 1906, p. 416 , no. 2510 ( archive.org [accessed December 28, 2019]).
↑ Members & Presidium. In: Gmünder in Europe. Retrieved May 2, 2019 .
^ Wolfgang Maaß and Andi Dick: 110 Years of the Osnabrück Hut: Portal to the National Park . In: Panorama: the magazine of the German Alpine Club . No. 3 , 2009, ISSN 1437-5923 , p. 87 ( alpenverein.de [PDF; accessed on May 2, 2019]).
^ Karl Lax: From the chronicle of Gmünd in Carinthia . Ed .: Ilse Maria Tschepper-Lax. 4th edition. Self-published, Gmünd in Kärnten 1987, p. 91 .
↑ Schalke 04 extends contract with Guido Burgstaller until 2022. March 26, 2019, accessed on August 25, 2020 (German).
^ Biography of Johanna Schönborn , in: Webpräsenz von Regiowiki.at

[Metadaten_Einwohnerzahl_AT_Ortschaft_QUELLE-1] Statistics Austria: Population on January 1st, 2020 by locality (area status on January 1st, 2020) , ( CSV )

[2] The Carinthian historical sources in 1202 -1269. First part 1202 −1262. In: August von Jaksch (ed.): Monumenta Historica Ducatus Carinthiae. Historical monuments of the Duchy of Carinthia. tape 4 . Ferdinand von Kleinmeyer, Klagenfurt 1906, p. 416 , no. 2510 ( archive.org [accessed December 28, 2019]).

[3] Members & Presidium. In: Gmünder in Europe. Retrieved May 2, 2019 .

[4] Wolfgang Maaß and Andi Dick: 110 Years of the Osnabrück Hut: Portal to the National Park . In: Panorama: the magazine of the German Alpine Club . No. 3 , 2009, ISSN 1437-5923 , p. 87 ( alpenverein.de [PDF; accessed on May 2, 2019]).

[5] Karl Lax: From the chronicle of Gmünd in Carinthia . Ed .: Ilse Maria Tschepper-Lax. 4th edition. Self-published, Gmünd in Kärnten 1987, p. 91 .

[6] Schalke 04 extends contract with Guido Burgstaller until 2022. March 26, 2019, accessed on August 25, 2020 (German).

[7] Biography of Johanna Schönborn , in: Webpräsenz von Regiowiki.at